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虚拟语气讲解及练习一．非真实条件句的虚拟情况:句型条件从句主句对现在的虚拟were/didshould/would/could/might+v.对过去的虚拟haddoneshould/would/could/might+have+done对将来的虚拟1.were/did2.wereto3.should+v.Should/would/could/might+v.1.IfIwereyou,Iwouldgoatonce.2.Ifyouhadcomeafewminutesearlier,youwouldhavemethim.Ifshehadtoldhimaboutthedanger,hewouldnothavehurt.3.Ifitweresunnytomorrow,Iwouldcometoseeyou.Ifheshouldfailintheexperimentthistime,hewouldtryagain.4.混合时间条件句：主从句不一定用指同一时间的动词。主句和从句的谓语动词要依照假设的时间而定。IfPaulhadreceivedsixmorevotesinthelastelection,hewouldbeourchairmannow.Ifyouhadfollowedtheteacher’sadvice,youwouldn’tbeinthehospital.Ifyou____thatlatemovielastnight,youwouldn’tbesosleepy.A.haven’twatchedB.didn’twatchC.hadn’twatchedD.wouldn’twatched5．含蓄条件句：有时假设的条件不通过条件从句表示而含蓄在介词短语或上下文中。(1)without和butfor(要不是)构成虚拟。Without(butfor)theparty,wewouldn’tbesohappy.Wemighthavediedwithoutyourhelp.=Wemighthavediedifyouhadn’thelpedus.(2)otherwise,or(否则，要不然)=if…not…Hestudiesveryhard,or/otherwisehecouldn’tstudysowell.Iwasbusylastweek,otherwiseIwouldhavecometoseeyou.=IfIhadnotbeensobusylastweek,Iwouldhavecometoseeyou.(3)ifonly后加句子…“要是……就好了”IfonlyIcouldlearnEnglishinoneday.IfonlyJimhadpassedtheexam.★．假设虚拟条件倒装。条件从句中有should,were,had三词，把if省略，将这三个词提到句首IfIwereyou,Iwouldgiveitup.WereIyou,Iwouldgiveitup.Ifshehadtoldhimaboutthedanger,hewouldnothavehurt.Hadshetoldhimaboutthedanger,hewouldnothavehurt.二．虚拟语气用于宾语从句中。1.wish引起的表示愿望的虚拟语气现在：过去：未来：过去时（were/did）过去完成时(haddone)would/could/might+V.should(不常用)wish+(that)+主语+IwishIcouldbuyaspaceshipsomeday.Iwishthathewasn’tsolazy.TheexhibitionwassoboredthatIwishIhadnotgonetoit.现在：过去：未来：过去时过去完成时过去时2.wouldrather(that)+从句，表示“愿望”的虚拟wouldrather(that)+主语+Iwouldratheryouhadgonethere.Iwouldratheryoustayedathomenow3.用于表示意愿,建议，命令，请求，提议等动词后的that宾语从句中，用(should)+动词原形,这类动词有:ask,advise,command,decide,demand,desire,determine,insist(坚持要求,硬要),propose,order,require,request,suggest…一个坚持，两个命令，三个建议，四个要求。即1.insist2.order,command3.advise,suggest,propose4.demand,require,request,desireSheadvisedthatweshouldkeepthedoorlocked.Hesuggeststhatsheshouldleavethedangeroushouseatonce.Heinsistedthatshe(should)showhimherpassport.三．用于主语从句中。（1）It’snecessary/strange/natural/important+that---Clause从句中的动词要用虚拟，即（should）+动词原形Itisimportantthatwe(should)masteraforeignlanguage.It’snecessarythatweshouldstudyhard.(3)It’s+过去分词+that—clause从句中的动词要用虚拟，即（should）+动词原形，其中的为建议，要求，命令的动词。如：insisted,ordered,requested,required,demandedetc.Itwasorderedthattheoldsickman(should)besenttothehospitalatonce.四．用于表语从句。主语为表示建议。要求，命令等的名词如：insistence,order,advice,suggestion,,requirement等MysuggestionisthatEnglishtest(should)bereadaloudbystudentseverymorning.五．用于同位语从句Hissuggestionthatstudentsshouldwearschooluniformhasbeenagreed.※当suggest表暗示，insist表坚持说的时候，从句不用虚拟语气。Hisfacesuggestedthathewasangry.(暗示)Heinsistedthathewasinnocent.(坚称,坚持说)六．用在asif(asthough)引导的方式状语(表语)从句中,动词形式和wish宾语从句的形式相同。现在:过去:将来:过去时过去完成时过去将来时asif/though+主语+Youaretalkingasifyouhadseenthem.HespeaksEnglishasifhewereanEnglishman.七．Itis(about/high)timethat+主语=shoulddo/过去时Itistimethatyoushouldhaveaclass.=Itistimethatyouhadaclass.Itistimethatyoushouldleave.=Itistimeyouleft.Itistimeforyoutohaveaclass.