电动汽车换电模式研究综述

374Vol.37No.420134PowerSystemTechnologyApr.20131000-3673201304-0891-08TM721A470·4051()210096ASurveyonBattery-SwappingModeofElectricVehiclesGAOCiwei,WUXi(JiangsuProvincialKeyLaboratoryofSmartGridTechnology&Equipment(SoutheastUniversity),Nanjing210096,JiangsuProvince,China)ABSTRACT:Owingtoitsadvantages,thebattery-swappingmodeisdevelopedintoanimportantenergysupplymodeofelectricvehicles(EV),andatpresenttheplanningandtheconstructionofbattery-swappingnetworksarebeingcarriedoutinmajorprovincesandlargecitiesinChina,howeverthetheoreticalresearchinthisfieldlagsbehinditsapplicationanddisseminationandcannotmeetthedemandofthedevelopmentinthefield.Presentdevelopingsituationofbattery-swappingmodehomeandabroadissummarized,andthestructureandfeaturesoftwobattery-swappingmodes,namelythecentralizedchargingmodeandthechargingandbattery-swappingmode,areanalyzed.Thebasicframe,operationmodeandmanagementsystemofbattery-swappingnetworkarepresented.Theplanningandoperationofbattery-swappingnetworkareanalyzedindetail,andfromthetwoaspects,i.e.,theamountofbatteriesandthesiteselectionandcapabilitydeterminationofchargingstation,theplanningofbattery-swappingnetworkisresearched;thebatterydispatchingstrategyandbatterychargingmanagementduringpracticaloperationphaseofbattery-swappingnetworkareanalyzed.Finally,thebottlenecksthatthedevelopmentofbattery-swappingmodehastobefacedwithareenumerated,andresearchdirectionofthisprobleminfutureisprospected.KEYWORDS:electricvehicles(EV);battery-swappingmode;battery-swappingnetworkplanning;operationofbattery-swappingnetwork2(51207022)ProjectSupportedbyNationalNaturalScienceFoundationofChina(51207022).20[1-2]2[3][4][5]45h0.5h[6][7-9][10-11][12]892Vol.37No.4[13][14][15][16][17]11.11.1.1BetterPlace389869%[18]BetterPlace2011BetterPlace2010NihonKotsu[19][20][21]1.1.220112[22]20114BP2011[23]12011201220125201220201.21.2.11Tab.1Developmentplanningofbattery-swappinginfrustructureinsomeprovinces/////25621026033/2/16/27138522037200501005055/96/6119677253814422540374893201121[24]12[21]121.2.2[25]3BetterPlace(BP)[26][27]BetterPlace[28]2[29]12[21]2Tab.2Classificationandapplicationofchargingandbatteryswappingstations84()8011922.1311Fig.1Basicoperatingstructureofbattery-swappingnetwork[21]894Vol.37No.4[30]2008[13][10]62.2[31][32]33.1222Fig.2Researchobjectsandcontentsoftheplanningandoperatingofbatteryswappingnetwork374895()333.23.2.1[33]3(first-fitdecreasingFFD)(bi-modalheuristicBMH)[34][35]MonteCarlo3.2.2[16]7%[36]V2G[24]2[37][38]3.33.3.1(travellingsalesmanproblemTSP)TSP()3.3.2896Vol.37No.4[39][40]SOC[41][42]2[43][44]2()2(s,S)420121[45]233[46]45[47]5374897212()3[1][J]200933(4)1-5ZhangWenliangWuBinLiWufengetalDiscussionondevelopmenttrendonbatteryelectricvehiclesinChinaanditsenergysupplymode[J]PowerSystemTechnology200933(4)1-5(inChinese)[2][J]20088(3)128-130TengYunHuTianjunWeiZhenlinAnalysisonchargepriceofelectricvehicles[J]JournalofTransportationSystemsEngineeringandInformationTechnology20088(3)128-130(inChinese)[3][J]201137(1)155-158LiZheLuLanguangOuyangMinggaoCostbarrierofpureelectricvehiclemarketizationanddevelopmentstrategy[J]JournalofXuzhouNormalUniversityPhilosophyandSocialScienceEdition201137(1)155-158(inChinese)[4][N]2011-09-23[5][J]200821(3)59-61DingYuejiaoZhangWankuiPowerbatteriesforelectricautomobilesandtheirrechargingtechniques[J]JournalofHunanInstituteofScienceandTechnologyNaturalSciences200821(3)59-61(inChinese)[6][J]200624(6)5-8ChenShiZhengQiuWangFangetalEffectsoffastchargingonefficiencyofNi-MHbatteries[J]JournalofBeijingTechnologyandBusinessUniversityNaturalScienceEdition200624(6)5-8(inChinese)[7]JasonWynneImpactofplug-inhybridelectricvehiclesonCalifornia’selectricitygrid[D]NorthCarolinaDukeUniversity2009[8]HadleySWTsvetkovaAPotentialimpactsofplug-inhybridelectricvehiclesonregionalpowergeneration[R]TennesseeOakRigeNationalLaboratory2008[9][J]2011(9)41-57LiRuimingThestudyofimpactofelectricvehicletothepowersystem[J]ElectricEngineering2011(9)41-57(inChinese)[10][J]201038(21)63-66ZhouFengquanLianZhanweiWangXiaoleietalDiscussiononoperationmodetoelectricvehiclechargingstation[J]PowerSystemProtectionandControl201038(21)63-66(inChinese)[11]or[J]2011(7)17-18[12][J]200911(4)63-66HuWeiDingYufeiLiuFangBatteryleaseservice,notregularsaleofpoweranymorethepositionofpowersupplyenterprisesintheelectriccarindustryandrelativeissues[J]PowerDemandSideManagement200911(4)63-66(inChinese)[13][J]2011(1)19-22LiuJianApreminarystudyoncharginginfrastructuredevelopmentandbusinessoperationmodels[J]AutoEngineer2011(1)19-22(inChinese)[14][EB/OL]2010[2011-07-01][15]LiuYongxiangHuiFuhuiXuRuilinetalInvestigationontheconstructionmodeofthechargingstationandbattery-exchangestation[C]//PowerandEnergyEngineeringConferenceWuhanChinaIEEEPower&EnergySociety20111-2[16]LombardiPHeuerMStyczynskiZBatteryswitchstationasstoragesysteminanautonomouspowersystemoptimizationissue[C]//PowerandEnergySocietyGeneralMeetingMinneapolisUSAIEEECommunicationSociety20101-6[17][J]2011(4)49-50[18]BETTERPLACE[EB/OL]2012[2012