简论上海市厘米级大地水准面精化

294200608GEOMATICS&SPATIALINFORMATIONTECHNOLOGYVol.29,No.4Aug.,2006:2005-11-11:(1967-),,,,1997,1,2(1.,200063;2.,150086):,()::P223+.0:A:1672-5867(2006)04-0058-04BriefDiscussionontheHighPrecisionofCentimeter2levelGeoidinShanghaiLUBin,ZHUANGShi2dong(1.ShanghaiInstituteofSurveyingandMapping,Shanghai200063,China;2.TheThirdTopographicSurveyCrewofStateBureauofSurveyingandMapping,Harbin150086,China)Abstract:Theachievementsofimprovingtheprecisionofcentimeter2levelgeoidinShanghaiwillmeettheneedsofrapiddevelopmentofthiscity.Keywords:improvingtheprecisionofgeoid0,,,,,,GPSRTK,,,,,,GPS;GPS1:1985;:1985;:WGS84;22510-8ms-2();0.110-5ms-2();0.15m;0.3m;3.0mm;GPS/10mm;:3cm3,,(EGM96),,GPS/,,GPS/,©1994-2008ChinaAcademicJournalElectronicPublishingHouse.Allrightsreserved.(4.2LCR-G(LCR-D),,2h,20010-8ms-2,,,,mm(CH/T20003-1999)1010-8ms-2(CH/T20003-1999),4.3GPS/GPS/,:4GPS,240min(15,15s,4,GDOP6)GPS/(GB12898-91);,GPS4.4GPSRTK(5min),GPSCQG2000GPS,(CJJ8-99),(),55.1(,,);();;;;(CH/T2003-1999)(GB/T954:©1994-2008ChinaAcademicJournalElectronicPublishingHouse.Allrightsreserved.);5.2gh=G-0+g,ghG0,:=978032.68(1+0.0053024sin2-0.0000058sin22),g,:g=[0.3086(1+0.0007cos2B)-0.7210-7H]HH5.3GPSGPSRTK2000(CQG2000):H=HGPS-,5.4GPS/GPSGAMIT;35.5(GB12898-91)66.1StokesPT(HeiskanenMoritz,1967;,1980):T(P)=R/42=0=0g(,)S()sin()ddR:;g:;:P;S():Stokes,:S()=1/s-6s-4+10s2-3(1-2s2)ln(s+s2),s=sin(/2)Bruns,:N(P)=T(P)/=R/42=0=0g(,)S()sin()dd,(19931994):N(,)=NGM(,)+Ng(,)NGM(,):;Ng(,):=R/4g(,)S()sin()ddg,FFT(FastFourierTransform)/FHT(FastHartleyTransform)Faye(Wang,1993),=R/(4N)S()(g+TC)d-1/Nh(g-Gh)-1/NGh2N:;h2=0.453-0.018sin()+0.087cos()cos()+0.204cos()sin()FFT/FHT:(i,)=NGM+R/(4N)F-11{F1[g(i,)cos(i)]}F1[S(,i,)]di-1/Nh(g-Gh)-1/NGh2,g=gD-gGM+gTCgD:;gGM:;gTC:6.2GPS/GPS,,,:N=a0+a1(-m)+a2(-m)+a3(-m)2+a4(-m)2,a0a1a2a3a4;N:GPS/;mm:7GPS+,GPS,,(=H-h)(2)2,,Fig.2Therelationshipofgeoid,quasigeoidandellipsoid062006©1994-2008ChinaAcademicJournalElectronicPublishingHouse.Allrightsreserved.();hg;HgGPSGPS,,()Hr=H-,GPS,,;82001520,4();647();GPS/56,380km;1km1km;(3cm),,,,(),,,:[1],,,.2000[M].:,2003.[2],.GPS[J].,2001,24(4):5-6.[3],.[M].:,1981.[4],,,.GPS[J].,2003,23(2):5-8.[:](52)2Tab.2Collectionareacomparisonofthepopedoms()()(%)1518079.5519078.3-0.192169674.6169642.5+0.023108841.4109816.0-0.89435010.534487.7+1.505204553.0205132.1-0.28:,3Tab.3Mapareacomparison()()1(%)()2(%)J-47-120-(12)38760.038791.030.0839031.90.70J-47-128-(22)38790.039366.3061.4939702.42.35J-47-132-(5)38805.038071.3-1.8938873.00.18:,1=(-)/2=(-)/,5,,3S,,:[1],.[G].:,2005.[2].[G].[],[1999].[3]MAPGIS()[G].[],[1999].[:]164:©1994-2008ChinaAcademicJournalElectronicPublishingHouse.Allrightsreserved.