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5.5~6cm中文题目居中书写、每行不要超过13cm，一行不够时可排两行，英文题目居中书写，每行不要超过13cm，行间距为1.2lines。学院：专业班级：学号：学生姓名：指导教师：(技术职称)年月5.5~6cm不要打印此框行间距为1.5lines5.5cm16~17cm密级：4cm2cmI摘要离心式压缩机是生产过程中十分重要的气体输送设备，喘振现象是离心式压缩机的固有特性，是离心式压缩机工作在小流量时的不稳定流动状态，它对工业生产有很大的危害。解决离心式压缩机的喘振问题，对提高压缩机运行的质量和效率具有重要意义。如果采用合适控制方法，会提高压缩机的生产效益。论文首先介绍了压缩机防喘振控制的国内外发展现状和意义，在综合各种现有的压缩机防喘振控制系统解决方案的情况下，基于对离心式压缩机防喘振控制方案研究的目的，本文介绍了离心式压缩机工作的基本原理，并对其喘振特性和防喘振控制系统进行了具体分析，主要运用可变极限流量法，设计了基于8051单片机的离心压缩机防喘振控制系统。设计内容主要包括：整体设计方案，单片机控制系统的硬件电路设计和软件设计。单片机控制系统的硬件电路设计主要包括检测电路，A/D转换电路，D/A转换电路，显示电路，报警电路，驱动电路等几个部分。软件设计采用的是模块化程序设计方法，主要程序模块包括压力和流量循环采样模块，A/D以及D/A转换程序模块，中断程序模块等。软件设计力求简洁，运用子程序，使程序具有易扩展、可修改移植的优点。本设计最终目的是使压缩机脱离喘振的危险，也为离心压缩机防喘振控制系统进一步深入研究创造条件。关键词：离心式压缩机；防喘振；8051；PIDIIAbstractCentrifugalcompressorisaveryimportantequipmentofgascarryinginindustrialproductionprocess,Surgephenomenon,whichistheinherentcharacteristicofcentrifugalcompressor,isdefinedastheinstabilityflowconditionwhencentrifugalcompressorsworksinlittleflow,anddoesgreatharmtoindustrialproduction.Ithasgreatsignificancetoimprovethequalityandefficiencyofcentrifugalcompressorinoperationbysolvingtheproblemofsurge.Ifsomepropermethodistaken,thecompressorwillgetmuchbetterprofit.First,thisthesisintroducesthedevelopmentandsignificanceofcentrifugalcompressoranti-surgecontrolbothathomeandabroad.Bythecomprehensiveconsiderationofvariousanti-surgecontrolsystemappliedincentrifugalcompressorpresently,basedoncarryingouttheobjectivethattheanti-surgecontrolofcentrifugalcompressorisimplemented,thefundamentalofworkofthecentrifugalcompressorisintroduced,andthespecialityofsurgeandtheanti-surgecontrolsystemisparticularanalyzed.Thisthesisusesthemethodofthealterablelimitedflow.Thisarticledescribesdesignoftheanti-surgecontrolofcentrifugalcompressorbasedonsinglechipmicrocomputer.Itscontentsmainlyinclude:Completionofthedesignplan,hardwarecircuitdesign,softwaredesign,andetc..Thehardwarecircuitdesignofone-chipcomputercontrolsystemmainlyincludesA/D&D/Achangecircuit,detectioncircuit,displaycircuit,etc..Adoptthemoduletodesignprograminsoftwaredesign,proceduremodulemainlyincludesflowandpressurecirculationmodule,interruptprogrammodule,conversionprogrammoduleofA/D&D/A.Softwaredesignstrivestobesuccinct，usingthesubprograminalargeamount,itwillmaketheprocedureapttoexpandandberevisedeasily.Thelastaimofthisschemeistomakethecentrifugalcompressorbreakawayfromthedangerofsurge,anditwillcreateconditionsforfurtherstudyofcentrifugalcompressoranti-surgecontrolsystem.Keywords：centrifugalcompressor；anti-surge；8051；PIDI目录摘要.....................................................................................................................................IAbstract.....................................................................................................................................II第1章绪论..............................................................................................................................11.1本课题的研究意义.....................................................................................................11.1.1前言..................................................................................................................11.1.2离心压缩机防喘振的重要作用......................................................................21.1.3离心压缩机防喘振控制系统的研究意义......................................................21.2离心压缩机防喘振控制系统的国内外研究现状及趋势.........................................31.3本课题主要研究内容.................................................................................................4第2章离心压缩机防喘振控制系统整体方案设计..............................................................52.1离心压缩机工作原理.................................................................................................52.2喘振现象.....................................................................................................................62.3影响喘振因素.............................................................................................................72.5喘振控制技术及防喘振控制要点...........................................................................102.6防喘振控制要点.......................................................................................................12第3章离心压缩机防喘振控制系统设计............................................................................143.1系统总体设计思想...................................................................................................143.2系统的设计框图及工作原理...................................................................................16第4章控制系统的硬件设计................................................................................................194.1单片机控制器的选型及引脚功能...........................................................................194.1.1微处理器的选择............................................................................................194.1.28051的引脚功能............................................................................................194.28051存储器扩展电路的设计...................................................................................224.2.1外接数据存储器6264的性能指标及引脚.......................