从网格计算到云计算(讲座ppt)

从网格计算到云计算--虚拟化的探索与实践金海华中科技大学计算机学院Outline„GridComputingandCloudComputing„IntroductionofChinaVProject„ExperiencesonVirtualizationTechnology„ConclusionsGridComputingResourcesharing&coordinatedproblemsolvingindynamic,multi-institutionalvirtualorganizationsElementsoftheProblem„Resourcesharing‰Computers,storage,sensors,networks,…‰Sharingalwaysconditional:issuesoftrust,policy,negotiation,payment,…„Coordinatedproblemsolving‰Beyondclient-server:distributeddataanalysis,computation,collaboration,…„Dynamic,multi-institutionalvirtualorgs‰Communityoverlaysonclassicorgstructures‰Largeorsmall,staticordynamicVirtualizationinGridComputingHotinCloudComputingLegend:Clustercomputing,Gridcomputing,Cloudcomputing2008GartnerITHypeCycleofEmergingTechnologiesCloudComputinginWikipediaCloudcomputinginvolvestheprovisionofdynamicallyscalableandoftenvirtualizedresourcesasaserviceovertheInternet.ServiceTypesinCloudComputingEnablerEnablerProvidersProvidersConsumersConsumersIaaIaaSSPaaPaaSSSaaSaaSS„IaaS：InfrastructureasaService„PaaS:PlatformasaService„SaaS:SoftwareasaServiceTechnologyFoundationforCloudComputing:VirtualizationTechnology„Onearchitecture,whichcancombineordivideresourcesinatransparentview‰DividingOneenvironment(includinghardware/software)intoMany‰CombineManyenvironmentstoOne‰Ingeneral,M-to-Nmapping:M“real”environments,N“virtual”environments„BenefitsofVT‰Highutilization‰Highsecurity‰Highflexible‰…HistoryofVirtualizationTechnology„ChristopherStrachey,“Timesharinginlarge,fastcomputers”,ProceedingsoftheInternationalConferenceonInformationProcessing(IFIP’59),UNESCO,Paris,France,June15-20,1959,pp.336-341Outline„GridComputingandCloudComputing„IntroductionofChinaVProject„ExperiencesonVirtualizationTechnology„ConclusionsWhatisChinaV„ResearchonFundamentalTheoryandApproachofComputingSystemVirtualization,supportedbyNational973BasicResearchProgramofChinaundergrantNo.2007CB310900„Startedfrom2007to2011withtotalbudgetRMB26M://grid.hust.edu.cn/973Visions„VirtualizedResourcesEnvironment‰Combineordivideresources:goodgranularityandtransparence„VirtualizedTasksEnvironment‰Buildtaskexecutingenvironmenton-demand:highutilizationandefficiency„VirtualizedUserEnvironment‰Desktopvirtualization:highconvenience,gooduserexperiences://grid.hust.edu.cn/973Missions„Theoreticalmodelandarchitectureofthevirtualizedcomputingsystem„Singlesystemresourcevirtualization„Multiplesystemresourcevirtualization„Pervasivecomputingenvironmentofvirtualizedsystem„Securityandtrustedschemeofthevirtualizedcomputingsystem„Theoryandapproachofevaluatingvirtualizedcomputingsystem„Highperformancebasedvirtualizationtechnology„Applicationofvirtualizedsimulationsystem://grid.hust.edu.cn/973ResearchTeam://grid.hust.edu.cn/973Outline„GridComputingandCloudComputing„IntroductionofChinaVProject„ExperiencesonVirtualizationTechnology‰LiveMigration‰PowerManagement‰DesktopVirtualization„ConclusionsOutline„GridComputingandCloudComputing„IntroductionofChinaVProject„ExperiencesonVirtualizationTechnology‰LiveMigration‰PowerManagement‰DesktopVirtualization„ConclusionsCR/TR-Motion:ANovelVMMigrationApproach„Revirtisadopted„Checkpointing/recoverywithtrace/replaytechnologyareusedtoprovidefastandtransparentliveVMmigration„WeorchestratetherunningsourceandtargetVMwithexecutiontraceloggedonthesourcehostH.Liu,H.Jin,X.Liao,L.Hu,andC.Yu,“LiveMigrationofVirtualMachineBasedonFullSystemTraceandReplay”,Proceedingsofthe18thInternationalSymposiumonHighPerformanceDistributedComputing(HPDC'09),ACMPress,June11-13,2009,Munich,Germany,pp.101-110CR/TR-MotionSystemStructureCR/TR-Motion:MigrationProcessABCheckpointlog2……Replaylog1……Round1log1Round2VMRecoveryCheckpointlog3RoundnStopandcopyTransferlognReplaylognTakeoverAWaitingandchasingphase……CR/TR-Motion:MigrationDowntime„Ourapproachreducedmigrationdowntimeby72.4%inaveragecomparedtopre-copyapproach050100150200250300DailyuseKernel-buildStaticwebappDynamicwebappUnixBenchDowntime(ms)CR/TR-MotionPre-copy0102030405060708090100DailyuseKernel-buildStaticwebappDynamicwebappUnixBenchTotalmigrationtime(s)CR/TR-MotionPre-copy„Ourapproachreducesthetotalmigrationtimeby31.5%inaveragecomparedtoPre-copyCR/TR-Motion:TotalDataTransferred„CR/TR-Motionreducessynchronizationtrafficby95.9%inaverage„Thisimprovementbringsgreatbenefitwhenourmigrationschemeisappliedinlow-bandwidthWANsdailyuse0.48(0.04)38.54(2.1)98.8%kernel-build0.53(0.06)152.44(8.2)99.6%staticwebapp8.34(0.21)228.99(9.4)96.4%dynamicwebapp36.4(0.96)288.05(12.2)87.4%unixbench2.59(0.22)113.38(6.4)97.7%0100200300400500600700800900DailyuseKernel-buildStaticwebappDynamicwebappUnixBenchTotalDataTransferred(MB)CR/TR-MotionPre-copyOutline„GridComputingandCloudComputing„IntroductionofChinaVProject„ExperiencesonVirtualizationTechnology‰LiveMigration‰PowerManagement‰DesktopVirtualization„ConclusionsPowerManagement-Motivation„Reducepowerconsumptionwithlittleperformancepenalty„Userrequirementisvarious‰Server–Averagepowerconsumpti