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湖北工业大学商贸学院经济系毕业论文1内容摘要贸易摩擦是指相互联系的经济主体之间，在国际经济贸易活动中，为了某一特定的经济贸易利益导致的争端和纠纷。近几年来，我国一些主要贸易伙伴为保护国内市场，纷纷采用反倾销、反补贴、保障措施、技术性贸易壁垒和绿色贸易壁垒等隐蔽而具歧视性的贸易保护手段，引发了与我国的双边或多边贸易摩擦。贸易摩擦已成为我国对外贸易持续快速发展的严重制约障碍，正视和重视贸易摩擦成为当前贸易发展的重点。其中随着中美之间贸易量的增大和经济全球化的发展，中美之间的贸易摩擦则有越演越烈的趋势。导致中美贸易摩擦的原因有多方面的。只有全面认清了中美贸易摩擦原因，我们才能有针对性地提出相应的对策。努力使贸易摩擦对我国经贸方面的负面影响减弱到最低的限度。文章在分析我国与主要发达国家贸易摩擦特征的基础上，阐述了我国对外贸易摩擦产生的原因，并提出了相应的对策建议。索引关键词：对外贸易摩擦政治因素经济因素贸易发展Tradefrictionisinterconnectedbetweeneconomicentitiesintheinternationalconomicandtradeactivities,inordertobenefitaspecificresultofeconomicandtradedisputesanddisputes.Recentyearssomeofourmajortradingpartnersfortheprotectionofthedomesticmarket,haveadoptedanti-dumping,Countervailingandsafeguardmeasures,technicalbarrierstotradeandgreentradebarriersandothercovertanddiscriminatorytradeprotectionmeasures,ledtoabilateralormultilateralChinaTradefriction.TradefrictionhasbecomeasustainedandrapiddevelopmentofChina'sforeigntradebarrierstoseriousconstraints,faceandattentiontotradefrictionhasbecomethefocusoftradedevelopment.WhichincreaseswiththevolumeoftradebetweenChinaandeconomicglobalization,tradefrictionbetweenChinaandtheretobecomemoresignificanttrend.Sino-UStradefrictionsleadtovariousreasons.OnlyfullyunderstandthereasonsfortheSino-UStradefriction,wecanbetargetedtothecorrespondingcountermeasures.Effortstomaketradefrictiononthenegativeimpactofeconomicandtradeweakenedtothelowestlimit.TheanalysisoftradefrictionbetweenChinaandthemajordevelopedcountriesonthebasisofcharacteristics,describedChina'sforeigntradefrictioncauses,andthecorrespondingcountermeasures.湖北工业大学商贸学院经济系毕业论文2IndexKeywords:Externaleconomicfactors,politicalfactors,tradefrictionTradeDevelopment湖北工业大学商贸学院经济系毕业论文3目录绪论····································································-5-1贸易摩擦的概念与中美贸易摩擦的特征······································-6-1.1贸易摩擦的概念······················································-6-1.2我国对美贸易摩擦特征················································-6-2我国对美贸易摩擦成因分析················································-6-2.1我国对美贸易摩擦成因分析············································-7-2.2美国国内的贸易保护主义泛滥··········································-7-2.3中国的崛起和美国对中国的遏制战略····································-7-2.4中国自身存在的问题··················································-7-2.5中美两国政治形态和国家政策的差异问题································-8-2.6经济因素···························································-8-2.7利益集团因素·······················································-8-2.8出口产品结构因素····················································-8-2.9贸易管理因素························································-9-3我国对美贸易的发展······················································-9-3.1我国对美贸易的高速增长··············································-9-3.2我国对美贸易从逆差到顺差的转变·····································-10-3.3美国贸易逆差形成的主要内因·········································-10-4促进中美贸易相对平衡的对策·············································-10-4.1两国贸易失衡的原因················································-10-4.2美国方面···························································-10-4.3中国方面···························································-10-5我国应当如何应对来自美国的贸易摩擦·····································-12-5.1我国应积极利用WTO争端解决机制·····································-12-5.2我国应主动加强两国政府间的协商····································-12-5.3我国应实施市场多元化战略···········································-12-5.4鼓励国内企业到国外投资·············································-12-5.5加快实施知识产权战略，提高企业竞争力·······························-13-5.6充分发挥政府作用···················································-13-5.7企业积极应对·······················································-13-6中美贸易相对平衡的前景·················································-14-6.1从中国对外贸易发展动态上看·········································-14–6.2从中国对外贸易构成上看·············································-14-湖北工业大学商贸学院经济系毕业论文46.3从中国对外贸易区域分布上看·········································-14-6.4从中国对外贸易目的上看·············································-15-结论··································································-16-后记··································································-17-参考文献································································-18–湖北工业大学商贸学院经济系毕业论文5绪论世界各国之间的贸易从来就是不完全平衡的，即使经济全球化对各国贸易流量的分布会产生一定的均衡效应，也不可能形成各国同时满意的贸易完全平衡格局，国际贸易不完全平衡有一定的必然性。在全球化加速推进过程中，国际贸易不完全平衡经常表现为“总量逆差”。从1985年到2005年，世界主要国家货物进出口贸易增长5.8倍，各年逆差呈现逐渐增加的趋势，逆差总额从756.5亿美元增加到3,600亿美元。对于某一个国家来说，贸易平衡程度变化具有周期性特征。从一个较长时间看，一国在世界市场实现的进出口贸易在一个时期表现为顺差，而在另一个时期则可能转为逆差。这种贸易不完全平衡的周期性演进，不仅与各国经济“景气交叉”的变化有关，而且与各国在不同时期的贸易战略调整、比较优势的消长、国际资本流动及各国政府政策的周期性变化等有关。针对中美两国的贸易差额问题一直伴随着中美贸易发展的整个过程,且矛盾日益突出和尖锐,已经成为中美两国之间贸易争议的焦点。关于中美贸易不平衡问题产生的原因,众多学者进行了广泛而深入的研究。在众多影响因素中,外资因素的作用不断突显,越来越受到关注。如何协调利用外资与我国贸易平衡发展是当前理论界研究的重要课题。因此,本文以外资引致的贸易差额为视角,针对外商对华直接投资与中美贸易顺差的关系展开分析,从FDI的角度探讨中美贸易顺差不断扩大的原因,并在此基础上提出我国相应的外贸战略调整,以最大限度的避免外资引致效应的不利影响。湖北工业大学商贸学院经济系毕业论文61贸易摩擦的概念与中美贸易摩擦的特征1.1贸易摩擦的概念贸易摩擦是指相互联系的经济主体之间，在国际经济贸易活动中，为了某一特定的经济贸易利益导致的争端和纠纷。1.2我国对美贸易摩擦特征近几年来，我国一些主要贸易伙伴为保护国内市场，纷纷采用反倾销、反补贴、保障措施、技术性贸易壁垒和绿色贸易壁垒等隐蔽而具歧视性的贸易保护手段，引发了与我国的双边或多边贸易摩擦。由于我国与美国1.中美之间，由于双方实行不同的政治制度，以及美