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高三语法专项复习动词不定式的句法功能Todothatsortofthingisfoolish。Iwanttoseeyouthisevening.Allyouhavetodoistofinishitquickly.Wefoundahousetolivein.ShecameheretostudyEnglish.Iwarnedthepatientnottoeatcoldwateraftertheoperation.主语宾语表语定语状语宾补作主语Tomasteraforeignlanguageisreallyimportantnowadays.Itisreallyimportanttomasteraforeignlanguagenowadays.Togiveupsmokingisright.Itisrighttogiveupsmoking.1.当今掌握一门外语真的很重要。2.放弃吸烟是对的。作宾语Freddidn’thaveanymoney,sohedecidedtolookforajob.Hepromisednottotellanyoneaboutit.1.Fred没有钱，所以他决定找一份工作。2.他答应不告诉任何人这事。想要干want,wish,hope,expect,aim,claim，wouldlike,love,desire,swear早打算plan,prepare,mean,arrange,intend同意否agree,promise,undertake,offer,choose,refuse,afford问问看ask,beg，(asktodo要求做…)决定了decide,determine,bedetermined,makeupone'smind,choose尽力干try,attempt,manage(反义词fail),seek,struggle,别装蒜pretend英语中有一部分动词常跟不定式作宾语。常见的这类动词有：•一问三希望，同意或拒绝；•决定意为承诺，可不能假装管理来照料。wish;hope;expect,agree;refusedecide;mean;promise,pretend;manage;care2.Thepurposeofnewtechnologyis_____________________________________（使生活更容易，而不是使之更难。）作表语MyjobistoteachEnglish.1.我的工作是教英语。tomakelifeeasier,nottomakeitmoredifficult.作定语Doyouhaveanythingtosay?1.你有什么要说的吗?2.Betty是第一个知道这真相的人Bettywasthefirsttoknowthetruth不定式作定语与被修饰的中心词之间常表现为主谓关系或动宾关系。1．不定式常用在thefirst，thesecond，thenext,thelast，theonly等短语后面作定语。Hisfirstbook________nextmonthisbasedonatruestory.A．publishedB．tobepublishedC．topublishD．beingpublished2．不定式常放在某些名词或代词后面作定语。Theability________anideaisasimportantastheideaitself.A．expressingB．expressedC．toexpressD．tobeexpressedBC作状语Theyjumpedwithjoytohearthenews.Hespokeloudly(soas/inorder)tobeheard.I’mtootiredtowalkanyfurthertonight.目的状语.原因状语.结果状语不定式作结果状语。具体形式如下：“too＋adj./adv.＋todo”意为“太……而不能”，“adj./adv.＋enough＋todo”意为“足以……”，“only/justtodo”表示出乎意料的结果。Doyouthinkyouarebraveenough________bungeejumping?A．tryingB．intryingC．totryD．andtryC作宾补Sheaskedmetostaythere.1.她叫我呆在这儿。2.请允许我介绍Mr.White给你们。PleaseallowmetointroduceMr.Whitetoyou.1．有些动词(短语)后面常接带to的不定式作宾语补足语。常见的这类动词有：advise劝告；force迫使；instruct指示；ask要求；intend打算要；beg请求；expect期望；invite邀请；forbid禁止；remind提醒；urge激励；order命令；permit允许；teach劝诫；wish希望；persuade说服。动词短语有：callon，counton，relyon，dependon，longfor，waitfor等。Wecan'tcountonamanlikeJim________usthenecessaryhelp.A．togiveB．givingC．tobegivenD．givenA2．在think，consider，believe，find，feel，declare，prove，suppose，imagine等词后面，常跟“tobe＋形容词/名词”结构，tobe常可以省去。Wesometimesimagineadesertisland________asortofparadise，wherethesunalwaysshines.A．beB．beingC．不填D．isC注意A.有些动词后面的不定式不带to，如feel（一感）hear,listento（二听）make,have,let（三让）see,watch,notice,observe（四看）help(半帮助）.Iheardthemsingapopsong.Theteachermademeanswerthequestion.Wewatchedthemplayfootball.注意B.动词不定式的否定式只须在to前加not.Myfatherdecidednottotakeupthejob.Theteachertoldusnottobelateagain.注意C.不定式与疑问词who，which,when,where,how，what等连用，在句中起名词作用，可充当主语、宾语、表语等。1.如何解决这个问题很重要。Howtosolvetheproblemisveryimportant.（主语）2.他不知道说什么。Hedidn'tknowwhattosay.(宾语)3.我的问题是什么时候开始。Myquestioniswhentostart．(表语)D后接不带to的不定式的常用结构1.在wouldrather…than,preferto…than,ratherthan等结构的than之后用不带to的不定式。Iwouldrathergothanstay.注意2.在cannotbut,cannotchoosebut,cannothelpbut之后的不定式不带to.(只能，不得不)Icannotbutadmirehiscourage.3.不定式动词在介词but,except,besides后面时，如果这些介词之前有行为动词do的各种形式，则这些介词后的不定式不带to.(只,仅仅…).Shewoulddonothingbutcry.Ihavenochoicebut_________(accept)thefact.toaccept动词不定式的形式1.Iopenedthedoortoentertheroom.2.Mr.Smithisgoingtoattendthemeetingtobeheldtomorrow.㈠.一般式(todo/tobedone).表示不定式的动作（状态）与谓语动作同时（或几乎同时）发生，或之后发生。㈡.进行式(tobedoing)1.Iamverygladtobeworkingwithyou.2.Theboypretendedtobelisteningattentivelywhentheteacherlookedathim.表示谓语动作（情况）发生时，不定式所表示的动作正在进行。㈢.完成式（tohavedone/tohavebeendone)1.Iamsorrytohavekeptyouwaitingsolong.2.Heissaidtohavebeensenttoworkabroadfortwoyears．表示不定式的动作/状态发生在谓语动作之前。复合结构•Itisforsbtodosth•Itisofsbtodosth1.—Thelightintheofficeisstillon.---Oh,Iforgot.A.turningitoffB.turnitoffC..havingturneditoffD.toturnitoff2.Shecan’thelp______thehousebecauseshe’sbusymakingacake.A.tocleanB.cleaningC.CleanedD.beingcleaned3.Noteverybodyhastheabilityinpublic.A.ofspeakB.speakingC.spokenD.tospeak练习4.Maryisalwaysthefirststudenttoanswertheteacher’squestionsinclass.A.risingB.toriseC.roseD.risen5.—Mum,whydoyoualwaysaskmetoeataneggeveryday?---__enoughproteinandnutritionasyouaregrowingup.A.GetB.GettingC.TogetD.Tobegetting6.—Wouldyoubesokindusout?---Withpleasure.A.helpingB.inhelpingC.helpD.astohelp7.Thepatientwaswarned_______oilyfoodaftertheoperation.A.toeatnotB.eatingnotC.nottoeatD.noteating8.Weagreed___here,butsofarshehasn’tturnedoutyet.A.havingmetB.meetingC.tomeetD.tohavemet9.Pauldoesn’thavetobemade________.Healwaysworkshard.A.learnB.tolearnC.learnedD.learning10．有必要马上通知他的家长。11．一小时后，他们停下来休息。12．他很高兴能在自己年轻的时候有机会旅游。13．我最大的愿望是上重点大学。14．他们设法按时完成了任务。It’snecessarytoinformhisparentsatonce.Anhourlater,theystoppedtohavearest.Hewasverypleasedtohavetheopportunitytotravelwhenhewasyoung.Mybiggestwishistogotoakeyuniversity.Theymanagedtofinishthetaskontime.