2011年成人高考——连-词

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连词的功能用来连接词,短语,从句或句子的词叫连词。连词是一种虚词,在句中不能单独使用。连词可分为两类:并列连词和从属连词。并列连词并列连词用来连接具有并列关系的词,短语或句子。常见的并列连词有:(1)表并列关系的and,both…and,notonly…butalso,neither…nor等。(2)表选择关系的or,either…or等。(3)表转折关系的but,while等。(4)表因果关系的for,so等。从属连词从属连词用来引导从句。常见的从属连词有:(1)引导时间状语从句的after,before,when,while,as,until,till,since,assoonas等。(2)引导条件状语从句的if,unless等。(3)引导原因状语从句的because,as,since等。(4)引导目的状语从句的sothat,inorderthat等。(5)引导让步状语从句的though,although,evenif等。(6)引导结果状语从句的sothat,so…that,such…that等。(7)引导比较状语从句的than,as…as等。(8)引导宾语从句的that,if,whether等。常用连词的用法辨析(1)while,when,as这三个连词都可引导时间状语从句,但用法有所不同。1)当某事正在进行的时候,又发生了另一件事。While,when,as都可用来引导表示“背景”的时间状语从句。例如:As/When/WhileIwaswalkingdownthestreetInoticedapolicecar.2)当两个长动作同时进行的时候,最常用的是while。例如:Whilemotherwascookinglunch,Iwasdoingmyhomework.3)当两个动作都表示发展变化的情况时,最常用的是as。例如:Aschildrengetolder,theybecomemoreandmoreinterestedinthingsaroundthem.4)当两个短动作同时发生时,或表示“一边…一边…”时,最常用as。例如:Justashecaughtthefly,hegavealoudcry.Shelookedbehindfromtimetotimeasshewent5)当从句的动作先于主句的动作时,通常用when。例如:Whenhefinishedhiswork,hetookashortrest.6)当从句是瞬间动作,主句是延续性动作时,通常用when。例如:WhenJohnarrivedIwascookinglunch.(2)as,because,since,for这四个词都可表原因,但用法有区别。1)如果原因构成句子的最主要部分,一般用because。因此,because引导的从句往往放在句末。例如:Istayedathomebecauseitrained.---Whyaren’tyougoing?---BecauseIdon’twantto..2)如果原因已被人们所知,或不如句子的其它部分重要,就用as或since。Since比as稍微正式一点。As和since引导的从句一般放在句子的开头。例如:Ashewasn’tready,weleftwithouthim.SinceIhavenomoney,Ican’tbuyanyfood.3)for用来补充说明一种理由,因此,for引导的从句几乎可以放在括号里。For引导的句子不放在句子的开头。例如:Idecidedtostopandhavelunch----forIwasfeelingquitehungry.(3)if,whetherif和whether都可作“是否”讲,在引导宾与从句是一般可互换。例如:Iwonderwhether(if)youstillstudyinthatschool.Idon’tknowwhether(if)helikesthatfilm.在下列情况下,只能用whether,不能用if:1)引导主语从句时。例如:Whetherhewillcometothepartyisunknown.2)引导表语从句时。例如:ThequestioniswhetherIcanpasstheexam.3)在不定式前。例如:Ihaven’tmadeupmymindwhethertogothereornot.(4)so…that,such...that1)so…that中的so是个副词,其后只能跟形容词或副词,而such...that中的such是个形容词,后接名词或名词短语。例如:I’msotiredthatIcan’twalkanyfarther.Itwassuchawarmdaythathewentswimming.2)如果在名词之前有many,much,little,few时,用so,不用such。例如:Hehassolittleeducationthatheisunabletogetajob.IhavehadsomanyfallsthatIamblackandblueallover.(5)either…or…,neither…nor,notonly…butalso…这三个连词词组都可连接两个并列成分。当它们连接两个并列主语时,谓语动词要随相邻的主语变化。例如:Eitheryouorheiswrong.Neitherhenorhischildrenlikefish.Notonlytheteacherbutalsothestudentswanttobuythebook.(6)although,but这两个连词不能用在同一个句子中。例如:我们不能说“Althoughheisoversixty,butheworksashardasothers.”这个句子应改为:Althoughheisoversixty,heworksashardasothers.或Heisoversixty,butheworksashardasothers.(7)because,so这两个连词同样不能用在同一个句子中。例如:我们不能说“BecauseJohnwasill,soItookhimtothedoctor.”这个句子应改为BecauseJohnwasill,Itookhimtothedoctor.或Johnwasill,soItookhimtothedoctor.【实例解析】---Ilikeridingfast.It’sveryexciting.---Oh!Youmustn’tdoitlikethat,________itmayhaveanaccident.A.andB.orC.soD.but答案:B。该题考查的是并列连词的用法。答语的意思是“你不要那样做,否则会发生事故的。”在这四个并列连词中,只有or含有这样的意思,所以应选B。Johnfellasleep________hewaslisteningtothemusic.A.afterB.beforeC.whileD.assoonas答案:C。该题考查的是引导时间状语从句的常用从属连词的用法。本句的含义是“约翰在听音乐的时候睡着了。”表示在干某事时发生了某个事情”通常用while。因此应选C。1.---WilltheforeignershaveanyproblemstalkingwithChinesein2008?---Idon’tthinkso.Now______theyoung______theoldcanspeaksomeEnglish.A.either…orB.notonly…butalsoC.neither…norD.both…or2.Wedidn’tcatchthetrain_______weleftlate.A.soB.becauseC.butD.though3.Tomfailedintheexamagain_______hewantedtopassitverymuch.A.ifB.soC.thoughD.as4.Iwon’tbelievethatthefive-year-oldboycanreadfivethousandwords______Ihavetestedhimmyself.A.afterB.whenC.ifD.until5.Thebookwassointerestingthathehadreaditforthreehours______herealizedit.A.whenB.untilC.afterD.before6.---Thisdresswaslastyear’sstyle.---Ithinkitstilllooksperfect______ithasgoneoutthisyear.A.sothatB.eventhoughC.asifD.eversince7.Hurryup,_______youwillmissthetrain.A.andB.soC.howeverD.or8.Themountainwas______steep_____fewpeopleinourcityreachedthetop.A.so…asB.so…thatC.as…asD.too…to9.---DoyourememberourpleasantjourneytoXi’an?---Ofcourse.Iremembereverything______ithappenedyesterday.A.assoonasB.eventhoughC.ratherthanD.asif10.______youcan’tanswerthisquestion,wehavetoasksomeoneelseforhelp.A.AlthoughB.WhileC.WhetherD.Since

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