基于CASS的多种土方计算方法的对比与分析

沈阳建筑大学毕业论文毕业论文题目基于CASS的多种土方计算方法的对比与分析学院专业班级土木工程学院测绘工程09-1班学生姓名性别指导教师王岩职称讲师2013年6月14日沈阳建筑大学毕业论文I摘要土方计算是工程建设中重要的计算之一，土方计算结果的准确与否直接关系着项目预算、场地土方调配、工程费用的支付等重要问题。针对土方，南方CASS软件具有多种方法进行计算。而对于相同的地形条件通过不同的土方计算方法可以得出不同的结果，为了对比不同土方计算方法对于不同地形的优缺点，本文主要做了以下的研究工作。（1）查阅资料，详细阐述了方格网法、DTM法、断面法、等高线法的土方计算模型及计算原理。（2）选择三种代表性的地形：平缓地区、山地地区、复杂地区，用GPS测量方法进行大比例尺地形图测绘，得到相应的数字地图。（3）分别用方格网法、DTM法、断面法、等高线法在不同地形条件下进行土方计算。（4）分别对平缓地区、山地地区、复杂地区的不同方法计算结果进行汇总、分析方格网法、DTM法、断面法、等高线法针对不同地形的土方计算的优缺点，得出可用于实践指导的结论。关键词：土方计算；CASS；方格网法；DTM法；断面法；等高线法沈阳建筑大学毕业论文IAbstractEarthworkcalculationisoneoftheimportantengineeringcalculation，Thecalculationresultsareaccurateornotisdirectlyrelatedtotheprogrambudget、Siteearthworkallocation、PaymentofprojectexpensesSuchimportantissues。Accordingtothecalculationofearthwork，CASSsoftwarehasmanymethodstocount，Forthesameterrainconditionsthroughdifferentearthworkcalculationmethodcanobtaindifferentresults，Inordertocomparedifferentcalculationmethodsfortheadvantagesanddisadvantagesofdifferentterrain，Thispapermainlydothefollowingwork。(1)Accesstoinformation,understandinganddetailedgridmethod,DTMmethod,methodofsection,contourmethodofEarthworkcalculationmodelandcalculationprinciple。(2)Choosethreerepresentativeterrain：Flatarea、mountainousarea、complexarea，UsetheGPSmethodofmeasuringlargescaletopographicmapping，obtainsthedigitalmapcorresponding。(3)Respectivelyusegrid、DTM、crosssectioncalculationmethodofearth，Earthworkcalculationindifferentterrainconditionsforcontourmethod。(4)Onflatarea,mountainousarea，complexareaThedifferentmethodsofcalculatingresultssummary,analysis，Theadvantagesanddisadvantagesofdifferentterrainoftheearthworkcalculation，Itcanbeusedtoguidethepractice。Keywords：Earthworkcalculation；CASS；Gridmethod；DTMmethod；MethodofSections；Contouringmethod沈阳建筑大学毕业论文II目录第一章绪论..............................................................................................................................11.1引言.....................................................................................................................................11.2研究的目的和意义.............................................................................................................11.3土方测量基本原理.............................................................................................................21.4土方测量与计算方法的发展.............................................................................................31.4.1传统的测量与计算方法..................................................................................................31.4.2外业数据采集步骤..........................................................................................................41.4.3现代测量与土方计算方法..............................................................................................5第二章CASS软件中各种土方计算方法的原理...................................................................82.1CASS软件简介...................................................................................................................82.1.1填方与挖方......................................................................................................................82.1.2CASS软件概况................................................................................................................82.1.3CASS软件特点................................................................................................................92.2DTM法的土方计算..........................................................................................................102.2.1DTM简介.......................................................................................................................102.2.2数字地面模型的建立....................................................................................................122.2.3DTM土方量计算原理...................................................................................................122.2.4DTM法计算土方步骤...................................................................................................132.3方格网法土方计算...........................................................................................................142.3.1方格网土方计算原理....................................................................................................142.3.2方格网土方计算步骤....................................................................................................152.4断面法土方计算...............................................................................................................172.4.1断面法计算土方原理....................................................................................................172.4.2断面法计算土方步骤....................................................................................................182.5等高线法土方计算...........................................................................................................192.5.1等高线法计算土方原理................................................................................................192.5.2等高线法计算土方步骤................................................................................................21第三章计算实例与分析...........