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英语国际音标边听歌边学音标一.关于语音的几个概念元音发音时声带振动，呼出的气流通过口腔时不受阻碍辅音不论声带振动与否，发音时呼出的气流通过口腔或鼻腔时受到一定的阻碍音节元音和辅音构成的发音单位开音节a)辅音+元音+辅音+e:name,bike,home,due,plane,shineb)辅音+元音:he,go,hi,do,be,tree,three,hello闭音节a)辅音+元音+辅音:bad,bed,sit,hot,cup,let,mad,mapb)元音+辅音:it,is,of,in,on,up,out,ant重读音节单词中发音特别响亮的音节非重读音节单词中不重读或弱读的音节二.英语元音依据元音分类音节发音舌位前元音（舌位在舌前）/i:/,/i/,/e/,/æ/中元音（舌位在舌中）/ә:/,/ә/后元音（舌位在舌后）/ɑ:/,/Λ/,/ɔ/,/ɔ:/,/u/,/u:/发音特点合口双元音/ai/,/ei/,/әu/,/au/,/ɔi/集中双元音/iә/,/εә/,/uә/二.英语元音---前元音/i://i//e//æ/ChineseBritainAmericaCanada[ˌtʃaɪˈni:z][ˈbritn][əˈmerɪkə]['kænədə]/i://i//e//æ/二.英语元音---前元音/i://i:/音标特征:前元音舌位高不圆唇长元音发音要诀:舌前部抬得最高，牙齿近乎全合。舌尖抵下齿。舌前部向硬颚尽量抬起,但比汉语普通话“i”音稍低,没有摩擦。嘴唇向两旁伸开成扁平行.做微笑状,发[i:]长音。注意:“:”是长音符号,长元音往往比它相应的短元音长两倍以上。sheep[ʃiːp]二.英语元音---前元音/i:/二.英语元音---前元音/i//i/音标特征:前元音半高音扁平唇短元音发音要诀:舌前部比[i:]稍低,比[e]高，舌尖抵下齿,嘴唇扁平分开。牙床也开得稍大一些比[i:]稍宽,比[e]窄。这个音发出来的声音特别像部队里喊数“1.2.3.4”中1的音注意：上下齿之间的距离大约可以容纳一个小指尖。使下颚稍下垂,舌前部也随之稍稍下降,即可发出。ship[ʃip]二.英语元音---前元音/i/二.英语元音---前元音/e//e/音标特征:前元音半高音不圆唇短元音发音要诀:舌尖抵下齿,舌前部稍抬起,舌后接近硬颚,比[i:]低。牙床也开得半开半合,比[i:]宽,整体做微笑状。上下齿之间的距离大约相当于一个食指尖。。注意:汉字“谢谢”说完后停顿下来口型就是e的口形。elephant['elɪf(ə)nt]二.英语元音---前元音/e/二.英语元音---前元音/æ//æ/音标特征:前元音低舌音不圆唇短元音发音要诀:舌前部最低，双唇向两旁平伸,成扁平行牙床开的最大。软颚升起,唇自然开放上下齿之间的距离大约相当于一个食指加中指。注意：上下齿之间的距离大约可以容纳一个小指尖。使下颚稍下垂,舌前部也随之稍稍下降,即可发出。cat[kæt]二.英语元音---前元音/æ/Althoughlonelinesshasalwaysbeenafriendofmine；I'mleavingmylifeinyourhands；PeoplesayI'mcrazyandthatIamblind；Riskingitallinaglance；Howyougotmeblindisstillamystery；Ican'tgetyououtofmyhead；Don'tcarewhatiswritteninyouhistory；Aslongasyou'reherewithme；Idon'tcarewhoyouare；Whereyou'refrom；Whatyoudid；Aslongasyouloveme；WhoyouareWhereyou'refrom；Don'tcarewhatyoudid；Aslongasyouloveme；Everylittlethingthatyouhavesaidanddone；Feelslikeit'sdeepwithinme；Doesn'treallymatterifyou'reontherun；Itseemslikewe'remeanttobe；I'vetriedtohideitsothatnooneknows；ButIguessitshows；Whenyoulookintomyeyes；Whatyoudidandwhereyou'recominfrom；Idon'tcare,aslongasyouloveme,baby.IDon'tCare二.英语元音---中元音/ә:/,/ә/ThursdayJanuary['θə:zdeɪ;-dɪ][ˈdʒænjuəri]/ә://ә/二.英语元音---中元音/ә://ә:/音标特征：中元音半高音不圆唇长元音发音要诀：舌身平放,舌中部稍微抬起,成自然状态,口半开半闭.发长音注意：类似汉字“饿“的音。bird[bə：d]二.英语元音---中元音/ә:/〉Wordsareflowingoutlikeendlessrainintoapapercup,Theyslitherwhiletheypass,〉theyslipawayacrosstheuniverse；Poolsofsorrow,wavesofjoyaredriftingthroughmyopenmind,〉Possessingandcaressingme.Jaigurudevaom；Nothing'sgonnachangemyworld,〉Nothing'sgonnachangemyworld.Imagesofbrokenlightwhichdancebeforemelikeamillioneyes,〉Thatcallmeonandonacrosstheuniverse,Thoughtsmeanderlikearestlesswindinsidealetterboxthey〉Tumbleblindlyastheymaketheirway；Acrosstheuniverse；Jaigurudevaom〉Nothing'sgonnachangemyworld,Nothing'sgonnachangemyworld.〉Soundsoflaughtershadesofearthareringing；Throughmyopenviewsinvitingandincitingme〉LimitlessundyinglovewhichshinesaroundmelikeaMillionsuns,itcallsmeonandon；〉AcrosstheuniverseJaigurudevaom；Nothing'sgonnachangemyworld,Nothing'sgonnachangemyworld.二.英语元音---中元音/ә//ə/音标特征：中元音半低音不圆唇短元音发音要诀：口半开半闭，牙床较张开，舌身平放，舌中部稍微抬起，成自然状态，这个音和汉语普通话轻声说“么”中的短促音“”相似，但英语的[]在词末时发音比普通话的“e”音长。注意：类似汉字了（le）么（me）但比e要长panda[’pændə]二.英语元音---中元音/ә/二.英语元音---后元音/ɑ://ɑ:/音标特征：后元音低音不圆唇长元音发音要诀：牙床大开，口张大，双唇张开而不圆。舌身平放舌尖后缩，舌后微升，舌身微离下齿。注意长度，不要发的太短。注意：张大嘴巴啊啊啊shark[ʃɑ:k]二.英语元音---后元音/ɑ:/二.英语元音---后元音[ʌ][ʌ]音标特征：后元音半低音不圆唇短元音发音要诀：双唇平放，牙床半开，开口程度和[æ]相似，双唇向两旁平伸。舌后部的靠前部分稍稍抬起，舌尖和舌端两侧触下齿，舌尖抵住下牙龈，发短促音[]。从短元音[]出发，将圆唇改为扁唇，即可发出[]音。butterfly[ˈbʌtəflai]二.英语元音---后元音[ʌ]二.英语元音---后元音/ɔ//ɔ/音标特征：后元音低音圆唇短元音发音要诀：口张大，舌身尽量降低并后缩。先发[]音，然后将舌身稍稍后缩，双唇稍稍收圆(不要突出)，即可发注意：喔喔喔的Ofrog[frɔɡ]二.英语元音---后元音/ɔ/〉WhenIwasalittlebittybaby,〉Mymamawouldrockmeinthecradle,〉Inthemoldcottonfieldbackhome.〉ItwasdowninLouisiana,〉JustaboutamilefromTexarkana,〉Inthemoldcottonfieldbackhome.〉Andwhenthemcottonballgetrotten,〉Youcan'tpickverymuchcotton,〉Inthemoldcottonfieldbackhome.二.英语元音---后元音/ɔ://ɔ:/音标特征：后元音半低音圆唇长元音发音要诀：双唇向外突出成圆形，稍稍收圆，介于开闭，圆唇之间。舌后升起，比[]略高，舌尖不触下齿。牙床半开渐至全开，舌尖卷上后在过渡微卷后。注意：双唇收得要更圆更小，并用力向前突出。注意长度，不要发得太短。horse[hɔ:s]二.英语元音---后元音/ɔ:/〉I'mshoutingallaboutlove；Whiletheytreatedyoulikeadog；〉Whenyouweretheonewhohadmadeitsoclear；〉Allthoseyearsago；I'mtalkingallabouthowtogive；Theydon'tactwithmuchhonesty；〉Butyoupointthewaytothetruth；Whenyousayallyouneedislove；Livingwithgoodandbad；〉Ialwayslookeduptoyou；Nowwe'releftcoldandsad；Bysomeonethedevil'sbestfriend；〉Someonewhooffendedall；We'relivinginabaddream；They'veforgottenallaboutmankind〉Andyouweretheonetheybackeduptothewall；Allthoseyearsago；〉Youweretheonewhoimagineditall;Allthoseyearsago；Allthoseyearsago；Allthoseyearsago；〉Deepinthedarkestnight；Isendoutaprayer2toyou；Nowintheworldoflight；〉Wherethespiritfreeoflies；Andallelsethatwedespised；They'veforgottenallaboutGod；〉He'stheonlyreasonweexist；Yetyouweretheonethattheysaidwassoweird；Allthoseyearsago；〉Yousaiditallthoughnotmanyhadears；Allthoseyearsago；〉YouhadcontrolofoursmilesandourtearsAllthoseyearsago..二.英语元音---后元音[u:][u:]音标特征：后元音高音圆唇长元音发音要诀：双唇成圆形，收得较[]更圆更小，双唇向前突出，牙床近于半合。舌后部比[]抬的更高，舌尖不触下齿，发长音[]。注意长度，不要发的太短，口腔肌肉要始终保持紧张状态，自然而有力。kangaroo[ˌkæŋgəˈru:]二.英语元音---后元音[u:]Blueeyesjustsmiletotheworld；Fullofdreamsandwithfascination；Toosoonshesawthatherhandswerechainedandpulledwithoutanyfreedom；It'salwayst