高考情态动词用法归纳

1高中情态动词用法归纳1、情态动词+v表示对现在或将来动作的猜测。情态动词+have+p.p表示对过去动作的猜测2、情态动词的过去式与原形相比，多点礼貌，少点冒昧，语气更为委婉。3.情态动词在一般疑问句中的回答：①Canyousing?Yes,Ican./No,Ican’t.②MayIcomein?Yes,youmay./No,youmustn’t.③MustIhandinthebooknow?Yes,youmust./No,needn’t/don’thaveto.④NeedIfinishitnow?Yes,youmust./No,youneedn’t.1.Can1.表示能力Theparrotcanspeakthreelanguages.2.表示允许CanIborrowthebookfromthelibrary.3.表示可能性ShanghaicanbeverycoldinMarch.2.Can与beabletoCan表示习惯能力，而beableto表示经过那里而做成了某事。3.can./could+have+p.p1.在否定、疑问句中表示“对过去发生行为的可能性猜测。2.在肯定句中表示“本来可以做而未做Thedoorwaslacked.Shecouldn’thavebeenathome.Youcouldhavebeenmorecareful.-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------1.May1.表示可能性Shemaybestillwaitingforus.2.表示允许MayIcomein?3.表示祝愿Mayyouhaveahappyholiday.2.may/might+have+p.p在否定、肯定句中表示对过去动作的推测“也许是……”Hemighthavespokentoheryesterday.----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------1.Must1.表示肯定的猜测,但只用于肯定句，而mustn’t表示“禁止、不准”2.表示主观的必须3.偏偏，非要做，mustyouinterruptmeonthephone?2.Must、haveto与havegottoMust表示主观Haveto表示客观需求Havegotto多见于口语3.must+have+p.p对过去事情的肯定猜测。---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------1、Shall/should1.第一、三人称疑问句中表示“请求或征求对方意见。ShallIgetyouacupofcoffee?2、第二、三人称陈述句中:1、允诺2、命令/警告/威胁“该回必须”3.在法律文件中必须3、oughtto/should+have+p.p表示本应该做而未做。2Youshouldhavebeenfiveminutesago.----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Will/would1、表示意愿I’lltrymybesttoovercomethedifficulty.2、表示意图Whatwillyoudo?3、表示请示Willyouhalpmetoputthesebooksinorder?4、表示习惯动作,倾向Shewillsitforhourswithoutsayingaword.-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Dare/dared1、情态动词用于否定、疑问句；条件从句中。Dareyougoherealone?Howdareyoudosuchfollishthings?Iwon’tallowyoutoswimintheriver,evenifyoudaredoit.2、做实意动词后加不定式。Ihaveneverdaredtotellhimaboutit.---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Need/needed1、情态动词用于否定句，疑问句。2、实意动词用法似dare,用作不定式。3、need+not+have+p.p表示“本来不需要做而做了。没有责备的意思4.needdoing/tobedone(want.,require)实意动词主动表被动Thehouseneedscleaning/tobecleaned.----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Oughtto1、其否定式为oughtnotto2、oughtto+have+p.p表示本来应该做而没有做到。有责备的含义。Yououghtnottohavecutawaythetreesaroundtheoldbuilding.-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------情态动词+havedone对过去的推测needn’thavedone表示做了本不必要做的事情,意为“本不必要…”OurcolorTVsetisstillgoodenough.Youneedn’thaveboughtanewone.musthavedone对过去发生的事情作出的肯定判断Theroadiswet.Itmusthaverainedlastnight.can/couldhavedone“本可以，本可能做某事”用于肯定句中，表示对过去做出的判断。Youcouldhavehadabettermark.can/couldnothavedone对过去发生行为进行推测:不可能做某事Isawhimjustnowsohecouldn’thavegoneabroad.might/mayhavedone,表示对过去发生的动作进行可能性推测，Hemighthavereadaboutthenewsinthenewspaper.butIwasnotsureshould/oughttohavedone表示责备或批评,意为“本应该…但”,oughtto的语气更强烈Youshould/oughttohavetoldherthetruthearlier.Wouldhavedone表推测，过去将做了Hewouldhavepassedthetest,ifhehadworkedharderinthepast.Would/could/should/mighthavedone可以用在虚拟语气中