经济发展方式转变的结构失衡与矫正

[]当前我国经济发展面临结构失衡的困境,需求结构国民收入分配城乡结构产业结构等都处于非均衡状态经济结构的失衡降低了资源配置效率,制约了经济发展方式的根本转变要保持经济的长期稳定和健康发展,必须调整需求结构,促进经济发展由主要依靠投资出口拉动向依靠消费投资出口协调拉动转变同时要加快调整国民收入分配结构城乡结构和产业结构,减少结构摩擦,优化资源配置,促进经济发展方式的根本转变[]经济发展方式;结构调整;需求结构;收入分配:(1974),男,四川大学经济学院(成都,610064),博士生研究方向:宏观经济区域经济2010,31,3GDP8%,8%,103%,,[1],,,(一)需求结构失衡,40%,2009468%,(20%)120%30%,20%,607032%[2]20084,,48!2010/11272,,,,,,,,89%,8%,,GDP,,,,,,,,,90,GDP,,GDP,,,,,,,,20035252009125,,,1981671%,199360%,593%,200650%,499%,2008486%,GDP,∀#2007757%67%649%,60%70%,1978488%,2008353%,30135%,200760%,34%,26[3]2007:200654%,,(42%),,60%,,,,,19962007,!2010/112724920082009,,,,,,197889%,2007662%,,20082009,,,2009442%[4],2001WTO,,20032008,248%2008,14285,89%,200345820082955,199440325200819460,[4],,(二)收入分配结构失衡,1978033120080466,040:,2008,472;,,;,1978,16,23;,,,19922008GDP104%,192%[5]19932007GDP,170%245%,198%246%,632%506%[6]19962007,GDP357%461%,104,,19782007,69,59,53,,,50!2010/11272(三)城乡结构失衡,30816735,2009171755153(1),,,1983182∃12009333∃1(),,,15∃1,20081(,)(,)/197834341336257:1198047761913250:1198356463098182:1198690094238213:11989137396015228:11992202667840258:119954283015777271:119985425121620H251:120016859623664290:120049421629364321:1200713785841404333:120081494394470334:12009171755153333:1资料来源:改革开放以来相关年度中国统计年鉴!,,,19783434200917175,49;1978133620095153,3757,[7],90%,[8],,;,,9,7[9](四)产业结构失衡,!2010/1127251,,GDP,;,40%50%;,,:;,,;,2009,426%,,53%,725%,461%,,[10],(一)导致需求结构失衡的因素,,,,,,∀#,,,,,[11],,1995273%:727%2007112%:888%,,,;,,,,,,GDP,GDP10%,20%,GDP,GDP52!2010/1127212%16%,30%,15%20%,54%65%,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,(二)导致收入分配结构失衡的因素,,,,,,,%,45%25%,55%75%,,,,,,,,2007,199849%200760%,50%,∀,#(三)导致城乡结构失衡的因素,,,,!2010/1127253,,,,1979,,(),,,∀#[12],,(),,,,,,,,,(四)导致产业结构失衡的因素,,,,,GDP,GDP,,,,,,,,,,,(一)加快需求结构调整,,,,,54!2010/11272,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,∀#∀#,∀,,,#∀#,(二)加快收入分配制度改革,,,∀#,∀#,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,(三)加快城乡结构调整,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,!2010/1127255,(四)加快推进产业结构调整,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,&:[1][J],2010(6)[2].[N].,2010-6-4.[3][J].,2010(6).[4]19962007!.[5].[J].,2010(6).[6],.[J].,2009(5).[7].[M].:,2009.[8],.[J].,2010(5).[9].[J].,2009(10).[10].[J].,2010(11).[11].[J].,2007(7).[12].[M].:,2001.TheEconomyStructureAdjustmentandTheFundamentalTransformationofEconomicDevelopmentPatternJiangGuoqiangAbstract:Theeconomystructureadjustmentisamaincontributortotheeconomicdevelopmentpatterntransformation.Thedemandstructure,incomedistribution,urbanandruraldevelopmentandindustrialstructureareimbalanced.Theimbalanceofeconomicstructurehasdecreasedtheefficiencyofresourceallocationandrestrictedeconomicdevelopmentpatterntransformationinourcountry.Tokeeptheeconomywellandfast,demandstructuremustbeadjustedandtransitionmustbepropelledfromrelyingmainlyoninvestmentandexporttorelyingonawellcoordinatedcombinationofconsumption,investmentandexport.Andincomedistribution,urbanandruralstructureandindustrialstructuremustbeadjusted,too.Througheconomyrestructuring,thestrategictargetofspeedinguptheeconomicdevelopmentpatterntransformationcanberealizedsmoothly.Keywords:EconomicDevelopmentPatternTransformation;EconomyStructureAdjustment;DemandStructure;IncomeDistribution[收稿日期:20101012责任编辑:张友树][]F0613[]A[]1000-8306(2010)11-0048-0956!2010/11272