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1广东技术师范学院2010—2011学年度第1学期期末考查试卷科目：语言学概论A卷考试形式：闭卷考试时间:90分钟系别、班级：外国语学院英师/译/商08级班姓名：__学号：__I.Someofthefollowingstatementsaretrue,andtheothersfalse.WriteTorFonyourANSWERSHEET.(每小题1.5分,总计15分)1.Phonemeisthesmallestmeaning-bearingunit.2.Inwordclassification,invariablewordsarethosewhosemembershipisfixedorlimited.3.Languagecanbedefinedasasystemofarbitraryvocalsymbolsusedforhumancommunication.4.Syntaxisabranchoflinguistics,whichstudiestheinternalstructureofwordsandtherulesbywhichwordsareformed..5.Forcomplementaryantonyms,thedenialofoneisnotnecessarilytheassertionoftheother.6.Broadeningisaprocesstoextendorelevatethemeaningfromitsoriginallyspecificsensetoarelativelygeneralone.7.Cardinalvowelsprovideareferenceframeforvoweldescription.8.Agrammaticallywell-formedsentencecanalwayshavesemanticmeaning.9.NASALIZATIONisaninstancesofASSIMILATION,aprocessbywhichonesoundtakesonsomeorallthecharacteristicsofaneighboringsound.10.Pragmaticsisasubfieldoflinguisticswhichstudiesthewaysinwhichcontextcontributestomeaning.题目一二三四五六总分标准分数15202540100实得分数评卷人装订线考生答题不得超过此线2II.Eachofthestatementsbelowisfollowedbyfouralternativeanswers.ChoosetheonethatwouldbestcompletethestatementandwritethecorrespondingletteronyourANSWERSHEET.(每小题2分,总计20分)11._________meansthatlinguisticmessagesmayrefertothingsremoteintimeandspace,orboth,fromthesiteofthecommunication.a.Dualityb.Displacementc.Creativityd.Arbitrariness12._____dealswiththewayinwhichspeechsoundsareproduced.a.Acousticphoneticsb.Articulatoryphoneticsc.Segmentalphonologyd.Suprasegmentalphonology13.____referstothewayinwhichaparticularverbchangesfortense,person,ornumber.a.Affixationb.Inflectionc.Derivationd.Compounding14.ClausecanalsobeclassifiedintoFINITEandNON-FINITEclauses,thelatterincludingthetraditionalinfinitivephrase,participialphrase,andgerundialphrase.Whichoftheunderlinedpartisanon-finiteclause?a.ThatJohnwillbedefeatedisimpossible.b.ForJohntobedefeatedisimpossible.c.John’sdefeatisimpossible.d.ThatJohnwillgetdefeatedisimpossible.15.Whichoneisthecorrectdescriptionoftheconsonant/b/?a.voicedbilabialplosiveb.voicedlabiodentalfrictivec.voicedalveolarplosived.voicedalveolarfrictive16.Choosethewordthatcontainsaroundedvowel.a.mapb.herdc.sleepd.fruit17.InOgden&Richards’sSemantictriangle,theyarguethattherelationbetweenawordandathingitreferstoisnotdirect.It’smediatedby_______.a.referenceb.conceptc.meaningd.mind18.Choosethepairofwordswhicharegradables.a.old/youngb.male/femalec.top/bottomd.grandparent/grandchild19.LanguagesusingtonesarecalledTONELANGUAGES,ofwhich_________isone.a.Englishb.Chinesec.Japanesed.German20.____________hasbeenwidelyacceptedastheforefatherofmodernlinguistics.a.Chomskyb.Bloomfieldc.Saussured.JohnLyons3III.Definethefollowingterms.WriteyouranswersonyourANSWERSHEET.(每小题5分，总计25分)21.stem22.opensyllable23.constituent24.linguistics25.synonymyIV.Analysis.WritetheansweronyourANSWERSHEET.(40分)26.Voiceorvoicingisatermusedinphoneticsandphonologytocharacterizespeechsounds,withsoundsdescribedaseithervoiceless(unvoiced)orvoiced.Describethepropertiesofvoicing.(5分)27.Explainthedifferencesinproducingaconsonantandavowel.(5分)28.Ingrammar,thecaseofanounorpronounisachangeinformthatindicatesitsgrammaticalfunctioninaphrase,clause,orsentence.DoesEnglishhavecases?Ifyes,justlistthemwithexamplestoshowthat.(5分)29.TranslatethefollowinglogicalformsintoEnglish,wherea=Ann,b=Bill,c=Carol,L=love,andxandyarevariableswhichmaybetranslatedas“someone”,“anyone”or“everyone”dependingonthequantifier:(5分)a)L(a,b)&～L(a,c)b)～x(L(c,x))30.ConsiderthefollowingEnglishwordscontainingthephoneme/ɡ/.(10分)[ləɡwun][bræɡ][iɡər][ɡɑn][ɡwoʊt][ɡæf][frɑɡ][ɡaʊn][ɡloʊ][ɡis][æŋɡər][ɡwɔɪɾər][ɡwus][ɡeɪt][ɡʌɾər][ɡreɪd](a)Listtheallophonesof/g/.(b)Stateinwordstheenvironmentinwhicheachallophoneisfound.(c)Writeaphonologicalrulefor/g/,listingoneallophoneaselsewhere.装订线考生答题不得超过此线431.Thefollowingsentenceisambiguous.Thephrase“inthecar”couldbebeingused(a)toindicatewherethebitingtookplaceor(b)tospecifythatitwasthemaninthecarthatwasbitten.Howwouldthetreediagramforeachdiffer?:(10分)Thedogbitthemaninthecar.5广东技术师范学院2010—2011学年度第1学期期末考查试卷科目：语言学概论A卷（答题卷）考试形式：闭卷考试时间:90分钟系别、班级：姓名：学号：I.每小题1.5分,总计15分II.每小题2分,总计20分III.每小题5分,总计25分21.22.23.24.25.题目一二三四五六总分标准分数15202540100实得分数评卷人1234567891011121314151617181920装订线考生答题不得超过此线6IV.每小题5-10分,总计40分26.27.28.29.30.31.Thedogbitthemaninthecar(10分)广东技术师范学院2010—2011学年度第1学期期末考查试卷科目：语言学概论A卷（参考答案及评分标准）考试形式：闭卷考试时间:90分钟系别、班级：姓名：学号：I.每小题1.5分,总计15分1----5FFTFF6----10TTFTTII.每小题2分,总计20分11—15BBBBA16----20DBABCIII.每小题5分,总计25分21.Stemisanymorphemeorcombinationofmorphemestowhichaninflectionalaffixcanbeadded.22.Asyllablethathasnocodaiscalledanopensyllable.23.Aconstituentisawordoragroupofwordsthatfunctionsasasingleunitwithinahierarchicalstructure.24.Linguisticsisthebranchoflearningwhichstudiesthelanguagesofanyandallhumansocieties.25.SynonymyreferstothesamenessorclosesimilarityofmeaningIV.每小题5-10分,总计40分26.Avoicedsoundisasoundmadeasthevocalcordsvibrate,asopposedtoavoicelesssound,wherethevocalcordsarerelaxed.(5分)27.Consonantsarecreatedbystoppedorobstructedairfl