语法填空动词考查解题导练.

语法填空动词考查解题导练渑池二高何冰清2018年10月19日一、考情分析动词是英语高考中最主要的考点，完形填空约有10个左右的选项，涉及动词、动词短语。语法填空约有一半考查动词，包含时态语态、主谓一致、非谓语、情态动词助动词、动词词性转换等。短文改错也会约有4-5个的设题。学习目标：掌握语法填空给出提示词动词的解题方法语法填空动词考查解题导练二、语法填空给出动词的解题思路1.首先判断该动词是否做谓语。判断方法：若句子没有别的谓语动词，或者虽然已有谓语动词，但需填的动词与之是并列关系（and，or）时，所给动词就是谓语动词。如果做谓语，就应考虑时态、语态、主谓一致等。时态主要看：（1）句中的时间状语。每一种时态都有相关的时态标志词，如一般现在时会跟表示时间频率的词连用，如always,frequently,everyday等；一般过去时与表示过去具体的时间状语连用，如in2006，lastyear，inthemorning，onMondaymorning以及inthepast，justnow，whenIwasinthejuniorhighschool等；现在完成时会有sofar,uptillnow,since...,twice,inthelastfewyears等；过去完成时、过去将来时一定有另一表示过去的时间点作为参照物进行比较。(2)句中的其他动词时态。复合句或并列结构应考虑动词形式，尤其是时态需保持一致，应注意几个动词之间的逻辑关系、前后顺序等。(3)上下文暗示。语态主要看动词与其主语或宾语之间的关系，是施动者还是承受者。练习：(1)Shetoldmeshe_____________(graduate)fromcollegein2003.(2)Jenny,whoisnowasecretaryinanoffice,once________(work)asateacherforfiveyears.(3)Hetoldmehe________________(read)abookateightthedaybeforeyesterday.(4)WhenIdie，I___________(give)everythingtoyou.(5)ThatwasdefinitelynotanattractiveideasoIpolitelydeclinedherinvitation,________(close)mybookandwalkedaway.(6)Threepeople_____________(take)toahospital,whileothersweretreatedatalocalclinic.(7)Beingtooanxioustohelpaneventdevelopoften_______(result)thecontrarytoourintention.(8)Now,Valentine’sDay_________________(celebrate)inmanycountriesaroundtheworld.graduatedworkedwasreadingwillgiveclosedweretakenresultsiscelebrated2.如果动词不是做谓语，则有以下可能：做定语、状语、主语、宾语、表语、宾补等，但不管是哪种形式，都肯定是非谓语动词形式。换言之，当句中已有谓语动词，横线前又没有并列连词与括号中的动词并列时，所给动词就是非谓语动词。此时，就要根据非谓语动词的用法，确定用具体的某种形式：todo:将来；目的；doing（现在分词):主动、进行；done:被动、完成。练习：①AtthattimetheEnglish__________(speak)wasdifferentfromwhatwespeaktoday.②____________(hear)thenews,shejumpedwithjoy③___________(finish)theworkontime,heworkeddayandnight.④___________(work)alldaymadehertired.⑤Butitisnotenoughonly_______________(memorize)rulesfromagrammarbook.⑥Theheadmasterwentintothelab,________________(follow)bytheforeignguests.spokenHearingTofinishWorkingtomemorizefollowed3.不做谓语还有一种情况，即词性转化，一般是将动词变为名词。练习：①Withthe___________(develop)ofeconomy,Chinaisbecomingstrongerandstronger.②Wemuststicktothemissiontofightwith___________(pollute)totheend.③TheEnglishversionisboring.Perhapsithaslostsomethingin__________(translate).④Toour___________(amuse),theactorjumpedonandoffthestage.⑤Thesepeoplehavemadegreat________________(contribute)toChinawiththeirwork.developmentpollutiontranslationamusementcontributions三、高考真题演练1.2018全国卷1Accordingtoareviewofevidenceinamedicaljournal,runnerslivethreeyearslongerthannon-runners.Youdon'thavetorunfastorforlong62__________(see)thebenefit.Youmaydrink,smoke,beoverweightandstillreduceyourriskof63______(die)earlybyrunning.......Whilerunningregularlycan'tmakeyouliveforever,thereviewsaysit64_______(be)moreeffectiveatlengtheninglifethanwalking,cyclingorswimming.toseedyingis2.2018全国卷2Since2011,thecountry61_____________(grow)morecornthanrice....Thegovernmentencouragesfarmerstogrowcorninsteadofrice64______________(improve)waterquality.Thisswitchhasdecreased66___________(pollute)inthecountry'smajorlakes.......TheChineseMinistryofAgriculturefindsthatbetween2005—whenthegovernment68___________(start)asoil-testingprogram......China'sapproachtoprotectingitsenvironmentwhile70_______(feed)itscitizensoffersusefullessonsforagricultureandfoodpolicymakersworldwide,hasgrowntoimprovepollutionstartedfeeding3.2018全国卷3Iquicklylowermyself,duckingmyheadtoavoid64_____(look)directlyintohiseyessohedoesn'tfeel65________(challenge).......Truetoagorilla'sunaggressivenature,thehugeanimal69_______(mean)menorealharm.......Oncehismessagewasdelivered,heallowedme70_(stay)andwatch.lookingchallengedmeanttostay4.2017全国卷1Fatandsaltareveryimportantpartsofadiet.Theyarerequired63____________(process)thefoodthatweeat,torecoverfrominjuryandforseveralotherbodilyfunctions.......Whenfatandsalt64_________(remove)fromfood,thefoodtastesasifismissingsomething.......Fastfood67_______(be)fulloffatandsalt;by68__________(eat)morefastfoodpeoplewillgetmoresaltandfatthantheyneedintheirdiet.toprocessareremovediseating5.2017全国卷2Thisincludeddigginguptheroad,63__________(lay)thetrackandthenbuildingastrongroofoverthetop.Whenallthosehadbeendone,theroadsurfacewasreplaced.Steamengines65_________(use)topullthecarriages......Later,engineers68_________(manage)toconstructrailwaysinasystemofdeeptunnels(隧道）,whichbecameknowntothetube.Thisdevelopmentwasonlypossiblewiththe69________(introduce)ofelectric-poweredenginesandlifts.layingwereusedmanagedintroduction6.2017全国卷3Butunlikeherschoolfriends,16-year-oldSarahisnotspendinghalf-term61__________(rest).......Sarah63____________(tell)thatshecouldbeBritain’snewsupermodel,earningamilliondollarsinthenextyear.HerfatherPeter,44,wantshertogiveupschooltomodelfull-time.ButSarah,whohastakenpartinshowsalongwithtopmodels,wants65_______(prove)thatshehasbrainsaswellasbeauty.Sheisdeterminedtocarryonwithher66__________(educate).Sarahsays,MydadthinksIshouldtaketheoffernow.Butatthemoment,school69________(come)first....restingwastoldtoproveeducationcomes7.2016全国卷1Chengduhasdozensofnewmillionaires,Asia’sbiggestbuilding,andfancynewhot