动词不定式的被动专题

Usingstructure朗声教育教学测评研究中心研发课前1.Hebeggedtobeforgiven.2.Marydidn’twanthersontobetakenaway.3.Therearealotofthingstobediscussed.4.TheywereshippedtoAmericatobesoldasslaves.5.Itisapityformenottobeinvitedtotheconference.6.Hisdreamwastobeadmittedtoakeyuniversity.7.Thebooksarenotallowedtobetakenoutofthereading-room.指出下列黑体部分的结构分别在句中作什么成份宾语宾补定语状语主语表语主补自学生疑1.不定式的被动语态形式有哪两种？2.动词不定式的被动语态一般可以充当什么句子成分？3.在“be+性质形容词+不定式”结构中，不定式使用时应注意什么？不定式的被动语态课中1.不定式的被动语态形式有哪两种？不定式的被动语态课中不定式的被动语态有两种形式，一般式(not)tobedone和完成式(not)tohavebeendone。不定式的被动语态语法归纳不定式的被动语态的使用1)不定式的被动语态的一般式(tobedone)含有将来的意思，表示在谓语行为之后将要发生的动作。语法归纳不定式的被动语态的使用2)不定式的被动语态的完成式(tohavebeendone)表示的动作发生在谓语动词动作之前。1.Itwilltakeseveralweeksforyourcomputerto____________(repair).2.Iknewhim___________________(catch)bythepolice.3.Avoteisrequired______________(take)inourcompanyatonce.4.Whensomemoneywentmissingfromthebank,Thomaswasbelieved______________(steal)it.berepairedtohavebeencaughttobetakentohavestolen练习课中2.动词不定式一般可以充当什么句子成分?不定式的被动语态课前1.Hebeggedtobeforgiven.2.Marydidn’twanthersontobetakenaway.3.Therearealotofthingstobediscussed.4.TheywereshippedtoAmericatobesoldasslaves.5.Itisapityformenottobeinvitedtotheconference.6.Hisdreamwastobeadmittedtoakeyuniversity.7.Thebooksarenotallowedtobetakenoutofthereading-room.指出下列黑体部分的结构分别在句中作什么成份宾语宾补定语状语主语表语主补注意:做主语（常用it做形式主语）Tobeofferedsympathybyarobotisridiculous.被邀请参加这个亚运会开幕式，是一大荣幸。Itisridiculoustobeofferedsympathyby….ItisagreathonortobeinvitedtoattendtheopeningceremonyofAsianGames.不定式作定语:1)不定式作后置定语，与被修饰的名词或代词构成逻辑上的动宾关系，但又与该句主语（或另一名词/代词）构成逻辑上的主谓关系时,Hehasnothingtoeat.分析：eat动→nothing宾/he主→eat谓Iwillgiveyouabooktoread.分析：_____动→________宾/_____主→_____谓这个优雅的女人有事情要宣布。readabookyoureadTheelegantladyhadsomethingtodeclare.★比较：Ihavealotofletterstotype.(我有很多信件要打印：Iwilltypetheletter)Ihavealotofletterstobetyped.(意思为：Igetsb.totypetheletter)1)I’llgotoNewYork.Haveyouanything____________(take)toyourwifethere?2)Haveyouanyclothes____________(wash),sir?”askedthemaid3)IcannotgooutnowasIhavealotofclothes___________(wash)tobetakentobewashedtowash★注意：若句子的主语并非不定式的逻辑主语时，不定式则必须用被动式。语法归纳句法功能不定式被动式可在句中作主语、宾语、表语、定语、宾语补足语、主语补足语或状语。①主语②宾语③表语④定语⑤宾语补足语状语：⑥结果⑦原因⑧目的课中3.在“be+性质形容词+不定式”结构中，不定式使用时应注意什么？不定式的被动语态在“主语+表语（形容词）todo”中，主语也是不定式的逻辑宾语,即不定式动词和主语之间是动宾关系。Thisquestioniseasytoanswer.（分析：answer(动)------thisquestion（宾））★注意：如果动词为不及物动词，则要注意介词的搭配。Johnisdifficulttodealwith.（分析：_________(动)----________(宾)）dealwithJohn如：这扶手椅坐起来很舒服。这题目很难算出来。ThearmchairiscomfortabletositinThequestionisdifficulttoworkout语法归纳需要注意的几种用法1)在“be+性质形容词+不定式”结构中，该类形容词(如difficult，hard，easy，interesting，dangerous，safe，impossible等)说明的是主语的性质，不定式用主动语态。但是注意:Therebe结构中，用不定式的主动和被动式来修饰主语，区别不大。Thereisalotofworktodo/tobedone.(多用主动形式)没有什么可担心的。Thereisnothingtoworryabout.再练习:7.Ihope_______________(admit)toZhongshanUniversity.8.Thebookissaidto____________________(translate)intoseverallanguages.9.Ifeelgreatlyhonored_________________(welcome)intotheirsociety.10.Comeon!Itisaneasysentence______________(translate).11.WhenIcamein,hepretendedto_____________.(read)13.MrsSmithwarnedherdaughter______________(notdrive)afterdrinking.totranslatetobewelcomedhavebeentranslatedtobeadmittedbereadingnottodrive14.Idon’tknowwhetheryouhappen______________(hear),butI’mgoingtostudyintheU.S.AthisSeptember.15.Heseems____________________（punish)byhisteacheryesterday.tohaveheardtohavebeenpunished16.Theschoolorderedalltheclassroom_________________(clean).17.Mygrandmotherseemstohavealot____________(worry)about.18.Iamgoingtothepostoffice.Doyouhaveanyletter______________(post)?19.Youareluckyenough____________________(notcatch)intherain.tobecleanedtoworrytobepostednottohavebeencaught语法归纳需要注意的几种用法2)有少数动词不定式的主动式(如toblame,tolet，tosell，toseek等)可表示被动意义。语法归纳需要注意的几种用法3)在“主语+be+too+形容词+不定式”结构或“主语+be+形容词+enough+不定式”结构中，当不定式和主语有逻辑上的动宾关系时，如果强调该不定式表示的动作由某人执行，就用主动式，否则用被动式。1.Itwilltakeseveralweeksforyourcomputerto____________(repair).2.Iknewhim___________________(catch)bythepolice.3.Avoteisrequired______________(take)inourcompanyatonce.4.Whensomemoneywentmissingfromthebank,Thomaswasbelieved______________(steal)it.berepairedtohavebeencaughttobetakentohavestolen练习7.Ihope_______________(admit)toZhongshanUniversity.8.Thebookissaidto____________________(translate)intoseverallanguages.9.Ifeelgreatlyhonored_________________(welcome)intotheirsociety.10.Comeon!Itisaneasysentence______________(translate).11.WhenIcamein,hepretendedto_____________.(read)13.MrsSmithwarnedherdaughter______________(notdrive)afterdrinking.totranslatetobewelcomedhavebeentranslatedtobeadmittedbereadingnottodrive14.Idon’tknowwhetheryouhappen______________(hear),butI’mgoingtostudyintheU.S.AthisSeptember.15.Heseems____________________（punish)byhisteacheryesterday.tohaveheardtohavebeenpunished16.Theschoolorderedalltheclassroom_________________(clean).17.Mygrandmotherseemstohavealot____________(worry)about.18.Iamgoingtothepostoffice.Doyouhaveanyletter______________(post)?19.Youareluckyenough____________________(notcatch)intherain.tobecleanedtoworrytobepostednottohavebeencaught1.Havingatripabroadiscertainlygoodfortheoldco