事件相关电位入门

CognitiveNeuroscience&ERPs（Eventrelatedpotentials）赵仑zhaolunlunyahoozhaolunfistar•认知神经科学—CognitiveNeuroscience–是一门研究人脑高级功能的学科，它是认知科学与神经脑科学结合的产物。认知神经科学的研究目的在于阐明认知活动的脑机制，其学科分支包括认知神经心理学、认知心理生理学、认知生理心理学、认知神经生物学、计算神经科学。认知神经科学Event-relatedpotentialsEvent-relatedbrainpotentials凡是外加一种特定的刺激，作用于感觉系统或脑的某一部位，在给予刺激或撤消刺激时，在脑区引起的电位变化。*刺激缺失事件相关（脑）电位EEG对ERPs的淹没叠加平均基本原理ERPs波形恒定潜伏期恒定叠加n次：信噪比提高√n倍例如：ERPs=0.5×EEGn=100—100×ERP—10×EEG—ERPs=5×EEGERPs提取的基本原理ERP的学术位置•属于心理生理学（psychophysiology）范畴•心理生理学以心理因素为自变量，以生理指标为应变量，一般以人为被试。•生理心理学（physiologicalpsychology）以生理变化为自变量，以心理因素为应变量，一般以动物为被试。•心理生理学是从生理心理学中分离出来的，同属认知神经科学。•认知神经科学是当前脑科学界颇受关注的领域，ERP是其中的重要组成部分。事件相关（脑）电位ERPs研究成分研究应用研究特点及其影响因素起源及产生机制心理生理临床应用特因条件功能评估–注意、记忆、语言加工、运动知觉等–神经精神科、昏迷愈后、辅助诊断等–航空、航天、航海、恶劣环境条件等–驾驶疲劳、功能评估、音乐认知能力、健康评估等ERPs的研究分类Oddball–两种刺激物–三种刺激物–新异刺激物的插入–标准刺激(Standard)–偏差刺激(Deviant)–靶刺激(Target)–非靶刺激(non-Target)–标准模式–缺失刺激为靶P3aP3bStandardDeviantStandardDeviant–(Tarkka&Stokic,2019)Standard–(DAVIDE.J.LINDEN.Review,2019)StandardDeviantNovelAuditoryP3b/P3aindepressedpatientsNovelOddballParadigmTarget2000Hz15%Non-Target1000Hz70%AuditoryNovelStimuli15%Press–Fz–Cz–PzNon-targetNovelTarget–Black：Depression；Red：NormalP3aP3bAuditoryP3aCortexCurrentDensityNormal(358ms)Depressed(358ms)MGFPPeakNormal－Depressed抑郁症患者（右）额叶认知功能障碍(LvJ,ZhaoL,etal,2019)BehavioralInhibitingResponsesIftheusualtarget-detectiontaskisinvertedsothatthesubjectrespondstothestandardstimuliandwithholdsresponsefromthetarget,theN2wavetotheno-gostimulusisincreasedinamplitude(Eimer,1993)andtheP300ismorefrontallydistributed(e.g.,Hillyard,etal,1976;Robertsetal.,1994;Falkensteinetal,2019)(Zhang,etal，2019)InhibitingResponsesNogoGo–(BWZhang,L.Zhao,X.Jing.2019)FacingsomeproblemsofemotionalregulationatthestageofcopingwiththeconflictinInternetAddictionpatients-200600uV2.5-2.5FZmsIApatientsNormalNogoPZGoP3goP3nogoN2nogo(Dang,etal，unpublisheddata)山川山川面孔识别的心理生理机制FIE－Faceinversioneffect）Searcy&Bartlett,2019（（Carbon&Leder,2019）Thatcherfaces（Carbon&Leder,2019）（Carbon&Leder,2019）N170:AfacedistinctiveERPcomponentRightMastoidLeftMastoid5-5VN170FaceChairBird-7µV+7µVPotentialdistributionat170msafterstimulusonsetCarmel&Bentin,2000FunctionalcharacteristicsoftheN170-effectNotsensitivetofacefamiliarity(Bentin&Deouell,2000).Sensitivetolocalmorethantoglobalinformationandnotadverselyaffectedbyinhibitingconfiguralprocessing:Largereffectforisolatedeyesandfacecomponentsthanforfullfaces(Bentinetal.,2019,Bentin&Aviezer,unpublished;Bentin&McCarthy,unpublished).Notsignificantlyreducedbyrandomrelocationofinnercomponents(Bentinetal.,2019).Notreduced(indeedenhanced)byfaceinversion(Bentinetal.2019;Sagiv&Bentin,2019;Rossionetal,2019;2000)Despiteglobalfaceconfiguration,itiseliminatedwhenlocalinformationisnotphysiognomic(Bentin,Golland,&,Moscovitch,2019).HypotheticalroleoftheperceptualmechanismassociatedwiththeN170-effectTheN170-effectisassociatedwithan“early”perceptualmechanismtunedtodetectvisualfeaturesthatarecharacteristictoafacephysiognomy.Itsrolemightbetotriggertheface-characteristicstructuralencodingprocesseswhenpertinentstimuliarepresentinthevisualfield.Age-relatedchangesduringtheearly-stagefaceprocessing–Investigatingtheeffectsofagingonthefacedetectionandconfiguralprocessingbyface-sensitiveN170.–Iftheageinginfluencesthefacedetectionorconfiguralprocessing,N170effectorN170inversioneffectshouldbedifferentforyoungerandolderadults.–(Gao.,etal,2009)(Gao,etal,2009)N170effectN170inversioneffectoffaces(Gao,etal,2009)(ZhaoL.&LiJ.,2019)ExpressionMismatchNegativity（EMMN）(ZhaoL.&LiJ.,2019)EMMNindepressionpatients-100400msuV-1.51.5T6NormalDepressionEMMNChang,etal.2019近期研究•Visualperception、Unconsciousnessprocessing•InternetAddiction•Autism&Depression•Burnout•运动员、人才选拔、职业健康、青少年心理健康等•Bindingtheory•……ThankyouforyourattentionFamiliarityeffectsonN170LeftMastoid8005V-5V0400millisecondsRightMastoid0400millisecondsUNFAMILIARFAMILIARBUTTERFLIES-5µV+5µVUnfamiliarFamiliarBentin&Deouell,2000N170elicitedbyfacesandfacecomponentsLeftMastoid-550RightMastoid50-5µV02004006008000200400600800Milliseconds-440µV02004006008000200400600800Milliseconds-440Bentin&McCarthy,unpublished0200400milliseconds05-510LeftMastoid.VRightMastoid0200400milliseconds+2.5-2.5N170(in)sensitivitytothefaceconfigurationBentinetal.,20190100200300400MillisecondsIM20100200300400MillisecondsIM1-5V5VFaceinversioneffectonN170N170isassociatedwithlocalperceptionP8P7RightMastoidLeftMastoid02.5V2.5V02.5V2.5Vmilliseconds0200400milliseconds0200400Block2Block3Block1