新视野大学英语book1－8教案birthofbrightideas

Unit8BirthofBrightIdeasBackgroundInformation:RichardWagner(1813-1883):HewasthegreatestcomposerofGermanopera,madeamajoradditiontothenatureofoperathroughhiswritingsaboutandthecreationofmusicdrama.Hisworksinclude“TheRingoftheNibelung”,asetoffouroperasbasedonhistoricalGermanstoriesBackgroundInformation:LaSpeziaItisanindustrialportandItaly’schiefnavalstationinnorthwestItaly.Wagnervisitedherein1853whenhelefthisexileinSwitzerlandtowhichhehadescapedduringWorldWarII.HenriPoincare(1854-1912):agreatFrenchmathematicsandtheoreticalscienceprofessorattheSorbonne(UniversityofParis),hadahighlyoriginalinfluenceonthedevelopmentofpureandappliedmathematics.Healsoworkedonfunctionsthatchangedcelestialmechanics,helpedpioneeralgebraictopologyandco-discoveredthespecialtheoryofrelativity.BackgroundInformation:Descartes,Rene(1596-1650):afamousFrenchphilosopher,mathematicianandscientist,wasoneofthemostinfluentialthinkersinhistory.Heisconsideredthefounderofbothmodernphilosophyandanalyticgeometry.Duringhislife,establishedideaswerebeingchallenged,sohetriedtodevelopawaytoreachthetruth.Hebasedhistheorythattheworldismadeupofmindandmatteronaconceptthatcametohiminadream.CogitoergosumisLatinfor“Ithink;therefore,Iexist”,akeypointinDescartes’philosophy.Heclaimedthattheonlythinganyonecanbecertainofisthats/hethinksandtherefore,s/heexists.The“I”isthemindwhichcanexistwithoutbeingextendedsothatitcaninprinciplesurvivethedeathofthebody.TextStructureAnalysis:PartOne(Paras.1-3):Introduction—establishanargumentCreativethoughtsdependonwhatwasunknownbecomingknown.Thisiseasilyseeninthefamouscreativepeople.PartTwo(Para4-6):ExamplestosupporttheargumentTheauthorpresentsthreedifferentwaysofformingbigideas:Wagner’sconsciousmindknewnothingabouttheprocessofideaformingwhilePoincare’sconsciousmindobservedtheprocessofideaformingintheunconsciousandDescarte’sdreamenabledhimtomakeanimportantdiscovery.PartThree(Para7):Conclusion:Increativethought,theunconsciousisresponsiblefortheproductionofneworganizedformsfromrelativelydisorganizedelements.GoodIdeascomefromtheunconsciousmindorbrainactivityusuallynotcontrolledbyus.Itiseasiesttoexamineitinthegreatcreativepersonalities.SummaryoftheTextWordsandExpressionsformanideasleeponoccurglowwithdependoninsomedegreethemore…,themore…beoccupiedwithwithout;withinseekforasthoughtakeshapeatworkcontrarytofillsb.With(afeeling)responsibleforWecanalsosay“toformanidea,anopinion,ajudgment,aplanorevenapersonality”.Hefoundithardtoformanoriginalopinion.他觉得要有独到的见解并非易事。Iknowthembothwellenoughtoformmyownjudgment.我对他们都非常了解，足以自己独立判断。1.L1.formanidea:begintohaveanideaanddevelopit(Para.1)2.sleepon:leavesth.undecidedandunattacheduntillatertime将某事拖到明天，推迟对某事作出决定；放放再说(Para.1)Letmesleeponyourproposalandtellyouthedecisionlater.让我考虑考虑你的建议，再把决定告诉你们。Justsleeponitbeforemakinganydecisions.不急于做决定，还是明天再说吧。Youshouldnotalwayssleeponaproblem.你不要总把问题留到第二天解决。3.occur:cometomind(Para.2)Theideaneveroccurredtome.我从未想到过这个主意。Itsuddenlyoccurredtohimthatthiswassomethingheshouldneverdo.他突然想到这种事情他根本就不应该做。4.Theyburstintothemind,glowingwiththeheatofcreation.(Para.2)Meaning:Theseideascometothemindsuddenlyandshowclearlytheyaregood,creativeideas.glowwith:showrednessorheatwithfeelings,etc.Myfather’sfaceglowedwithsatisfactionwhenhesawmyschoolreport.父亲看到我的成绩单，脸上露出了满意的神情。5.Creativethoughtdependsonwhatwasunknownbecomingknown.(Para.2)Meaning:Creativethoughtcomesifonecanchangewhatwasunknownintosomethingthatisknown.dependon:happenaccordingto;countonThesuccessofthefactorydependsontheworkers.工厂的成功取决于工人的工作。Dependingonhowmuchhesells,hisearningswillincrease.他收入的增加取决他能卖出多少。6.insomedegree:tothelimitof,somewhat(Para.3)Productionoffruitandvegetableshasalsoriseninvaryingdegrees.水果和蔬菜的产量也有了不同程度的增长。Hewasnotintheslightestdegreeinterested.他一点也不感兴趣。7.…themorehighlyinsightfultheperson,thesharperandmoredramaticthesignalsbecome.(Para.3)Meaning:Ifthepersonismoreinsightful,thenthesignalsbecomesharperandmoreobvious.themore…,themore…Thesooneryoustart,themorequicklyyouwillfinishthetask.你开始得越早，完成得就越快。Themoreyouknow,themoremodestyoubecome.你懂得越多，就越谦虚。8.beoccupiedwith:bebusywithsth.(Para.4)Shewasoccupiedwiththecleaningofthebighouse.她正忙于打扫那幢大房子。Ifoneistoooccupiedwithcourtingtomindhismainbusiness,hestandslittlechanceofsuccess.一个人如果忙于谈情说爱而无暇顾及自己的主业，那么他将很难取得成功。9.…couldnotsleepfornoisewithoutandfeverwithin…(Para.4)Both“without”and“within”areusedasadv.,meaning“outside”and“inside”Moreexamples:Thedogremainedshakingwithout.狗在门外发抖。Thebuildingforsale.Enquireswithin.此房出售，咨询请进！Helookedcalmwithout,butanxiouswithin.他外表看起来很镇静，但内心却很焦急。10.seekfor:makeasearchfor;lookfor(Para.4)Hehasbeenseekingforanewplacetoliveforseveralmonths,buthehasnotfoundanythinghecanafford.他几个月来一直在找一个新住处，但还没有找到一处价格上他能承受得起的地方。Shehadbeenseekingforanewpartnerforherbusinessforalongtimebeforefinallyfindingone.长期以来她一直在寻找生意上的新伙伴，最终如愿以偿。11.asif:(oftenfollowedbyaclauseinsubjunctivemood虚拟语气)(Para.4)Whyisshelookingatmeasthoughsheknewme?Ihaveneverseenherbeforeinmylife.为什么她老看着我，好像认识我似的？我可从未见过她呀。Shelooksalmostasifsheweredrunk.她看上去像是