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城市学院本科毕业设计论文题目双容水箱液位PID控制算法的仿真研究系别电气与信息工程系专业自动化班级自动化701学号07010157学生姓名白晨磊指导教师郭霞2011年6月西安交通大学城市学院毕业设计（论文）I摘要随着时代的发展，双容水箱控制系统在国内各行各业的应用已经十分广泛，双容水箱的控制可以作为研究更为复杂的非线性系统的基础，又具有较强的理论性，属于应用基础研究。同时，它具有较强的综合性，涉及控制原理、智能控制、流体力学等多个学科。双容水箱控制系统是著名的智能实验设备之一，在国外很多大学和实验室都已得到了广泛的应用，国内也有包括清华大学、浙江大学、吉林大学等高校。本文通过实验法建立双容水箱的一般数学模型，通过分析被控对象的特性，学习和了解PID算法及串级控制的工作原理，然后设计了PID控制器，在Matlab/Simulink环境下建立双容水箱控制的仿真模型，对PID控制算法进行仿真研究，通过仿真实验，证明该设计方法可行性，证明该算法是正确的和有效的。在本次实验我学到很多相关的专业知识内容，并通过实验仿真，准确控制了双容水箱的液位，达到实验目的。关键词：双容水箱,实验法建模,PID控制西安交通大学城市学院本科毕业设计（论文）IIABSTRACTIIIABSTRACTWiththedevelopment,dualtankwatercontrolsystemintheapplicationofdomesticindustrieshasbeenveryextensive,two-tankcontrolofmorecomplexasthebasisfornonlinearsystems,butalsohasastrongtheoretical,areAppliedbasicresearch.Atthesametime,ithasastrongcomprehensive,involvingcontroltheory,intelligentcontrol,fluidmechanicsandotherdisciplines.Dualtankcontrolsystemisoneofthefamousintelligencetestequipment,inmanyforeignuniversitiesandlaboratorieshavebeenwidelyused,alsoincludingChina,TsinghuaUniversity,ZhejiangUniversity,JilinUniversityandotheruniversities.Inthispaper,two-tankexperimenttoestablishageneralmathematicalmodel,byanalyzingthecharacteristicsofcontrolledobject,learningandunderstandingofthePIDalgorithmandcascadecontrolworks,PIDcontrolleristhendesignedinMatlab/Simulinkenvironmenttoestablishcontroloftwo-tanksimulationmodel，SimulationofthePIDcontrolalgorithmisstudiedthroughsimulationexperimentsshowthefeasibilityofthedesignmethod,thealgorithmisprovedcorrectandeffective.Inthisexperiment,Ilearnedalotofcontentrelatedprofessionalknowledge,andthroughexperimentalsimulation,accuratecontrolofthedual-tankliquidlevel,toachievepurposeoftheexperiment.KEYWORDS:Twotanks,Experimentmodeling,PIDcontrol西安交通大学城市学院本科毕业设计（论文）IV目录V目录1绪论..........................................................................................................................11.1课题的提出......................................................................................................11.2国内外研究现状..............................................................................................11.2.1国外研究现状........................................................................................21.2.2国内研究现状......................................................................................31.3过程控制的发展过程......................................................................................31.3.1过程控制的发展....................................................................................31.3.2过程控制策略与算法的进展................................................................41.3.3传统过程控制存在的问题....................................................................51.3.4过程控制的发展趋势............................................................................61.4控制理论的发展..............................................................................................61.5研究目的........................................................................................................81.6本章小结..........................................................................................................82双容水箱的数学建模................................................................................................92.1数学模型的介绍..............................................................................................92.2数学模型的建立..............................................................................................92.2.1机理法....................................................................................................92.2.2实验法..................................................................................................102.3本文中双容水箱液位数学模型的建立........................................................112.3.1系统介绍..............................................................................................112.3.2建立步骤..............................................................................................122.3.3实验数据..............................................................................................132.4本章小结........................................................................................................143PID控制理论........................................................................................................153.1PID控制理论的发展与现状.........................................................................153.2PID控制原理及特点.....................................................................................153.2.1PID控制原理.......................................................................................153.2.2PID参数的整定方法...........................................................................173.3PID参数对系统性能的影响.........................................................................183.4本章小结........................................................................................................184系统仿真..................................................................................................................214.1Matlab/Simulink简介...................................