Unit5 Theme parks构词法

Grammar构词法英语构词法(WordFormation)常用的构词法:•1.合成(Compounding)2.转化(Conversion)3.派生(Derivation)Compounding（合成）由两个或两个以上的词合成一个词。1.用“-”符号连接，如：bank-note,hiding-place,reading-room,day-dream,good-looking,ready-made…2.直接写在一起，如：classroom,blackboard,cowboy,however,broadcast,playground,myself,eggplant…3.分开写，如：airconditioner，bloodpressure，solarsystem,creditcard,fastfood,centralbank…Findthecompoundnounsinthereadingpassage~!Exercise2CompoundwordwithahyphenCompoundwordputtogetherCompoundwordsseparatedfree-fall,old-fashioned,steam-enginewhichever,whatever,wherever,southeastern,indoor,outdoor,craftsmen,horsebackrollercoasterP37Exercise21.Makecompoundwordsafterthemodels.A:part,long,passer,film,short,well,cold,baby,get,low,worldB:by,known,time,maker,wave,famous,sitter,term,together,lying,bloodedModel:part+time=part-timePractice2.Fillintheblankswiththewordsabove.1)It’sagoodideatostarta_________jobtomakeextramoney.2)It’snecessarytousea__________radiotopickuptheprogram.3)WaltDisney,thegreat__________,wasborninChicagoin1901.part-timeshort-wavefilm-maker4)TheDeadSeaisvery_________,ataround395metersbelowsealevel.5)We’rehavingalittle___________tocelebratehisbirthday.6)Theyoftenperforminthestreetsforthe_________.7)I’msureyouwillbe__________soon.low-lyingget-togetherpassers-bywell-known5).Lucyenjoystravellingby____________.That’showshegoestoworkeveryday.6).Thechildrenareplayinghappilyinthe_________.undergroundcourtyard3.Makecompoundwordsafterthemodels.Model:bed+clothes=bedclothesA:book,boy,sea,fire,over,under,friend,sun,how,court,day,wideB:mark,side,burnt,friend,light,yard,fighter,fighter,ground,coat,ship,spread1)Thefirelastedabout4hoursbeforethe__________couldcontrolit.2)Atschoolsheformedaclose_________withseveralothergirls.3)Theydecidetospendtheirholidayatthe_______.4)Heputonahatand________beforehewentout.firefightersfriendship4.Fillintheblankswiththewordsabove.seasideovercoatConversion(转化）：一个单词由一种词性转化为另一种或几种词性。(1)v—n:(2)n—v:(3)adj—v:(4)adv—v:charge(v)—charge(n)hand(n)—hand(v)clean(adj)—clean(v)down(adv)—down(v)注意：词性转化后，有些单词读音会发生变化：p91.Derivation（派生）:1)前缀:(1)dis-:disagree,dislike,disappear(2)in-(il-,im-,ir-):incorrect,impossible,irregular,(3)un-:unhappy,unable,unfit,由一个词根加上前缀或后缀构成另外一个词。1)前缀(prefix)一般不造成词类的转变,只是引起意思的变化.Let’slookatsomeexamples~!由一个词根加上前缀或后缀构成另外一个词。Derivation（派生）:一、否定前缀前缀意义用法例词dis-不，相反，取消，分离加在名词或动词前dishonour,disease，dislike,un-不，未＝not加在形容词或动词前unable,unfairnon-不，无加在动词或名词前nonsmoker,nonexistencemis-错，误加在动词或名词前mistake,misfortune,misread前缀意义用法例词im-不,非(=not)用在字母b,m,p之前Imbalance,immoral,impossibleir-不，非用在字母r之前irregular（不规则的）il-不，非用在字母l之前illegal（不合法的）illogical（不合逻辑的）in-不，非用在其他字母之前injustice（不公平的）incorrectGuessthemeaning~!dis+ability(能力）dis+order（顺序）un+limitted（有限的）in+human（人类）im+moral（道德）ir+relative（有关的）il+legal（合法的）mis+doing（做）mis+trust（信任）non+smoking（吸烟）non+stop（停止）disability无能的，残疾的disorder无序的unlimitted无限的inhuman不人道的immoral不道德的irrelative无关的illegal不合法的misdoing做坏事mistrust不信任nonsmoking不吸烟的nonstop不停止的；直达的其他前缀前缀意义用法例词en-致使...、使之如...加在名词、形容词前enable,endanger,enlarge,enrich,enslavemulti-多…的，多样的加在名词、动词前multicultural,multichannel,前缀意义用法例词tele-远的，远距离的加在名词telephone,television,telescopekilo-千…加在表示单位的词前kilogram,kilometer,前缀意义用法例词re-再，又；重；回加在名词、动词前return，review，reunion，restartGuessthemeaning~!dis+ability(能力）dis+order（顺序）un+limitted（有限的）in+human（人类）im+moral（道德）ir+relative（有关的）il+legal（合法的）mis+doing（做）mis+trust（信任）non+smoking（吸烟）non+stop（停止）disability无能的，残疾的disorder无序的unlimitted无限的inhuman不人道的immoral不道德的irrelative无关的illegal不合法的misdoing做坏事mistrust不信任nonsmoking不吸烟的nonstop不停止的；直达的en+chain（锁链）en+cage（笼子）tele+fax（传真）tele+focus（聚焦）re+arrange（安排）re+appear（出现）multi+media（媒体）multi+form（形式）kilo+litre（升）kilo+watt（瓦）enchain用链锁住encage关入笼子telefax远程传真telefocus远距离聚焦rearrange重新安排reappear重现multimeia多媒体multiform多种多样的kilolitre千升kilowatt千瓦1)a-表示“在……之上”，“向……”aboard,aside,2)by-表示“附近，邻近，边侧”bypath,bypass(弯路)3)circum-,circu-,表示“周围，环绕，回转”，circumstance,circuit4)de-,表示“在下，向下”descend,degrade表示空间位置,方向关系的前缀5)en-,表示“在内,进入”encage,6)ex-,ec-,es-,表示“外部，外”exit,eclipse,expand,export7)extra-,表示“额外”extraction（提取）8)fore-表示“在前面”forehead,foreground9)in-,il-,im-,ir-,表示“向内，在内，背于”inland,invade,inside,import10)inter-,intel-,表示“在……间,相互”international,interaction11)intro-,表示“向内，在内,内侧”introduce,introduce12)medi-,med-,mid-,表示“中,中间”Mediterranean,midposition13)out-,表示“在上面，在外部,在外”outline,outside,outward14)over-,表示“在上面,在外部，向上”overlook,overhead,15)post-,表示“向后,在后边,次”postscript(附言)，16)pre-,表示“在前”在前面”prefix,preface,preposition17)pro-,表示“在前,向前”progress,proceed,18)sub-,suc-,suf-,sug-,sum-,sup-,sur-,sus-,表示“在下面,下”subway,submarine,suffix,suppress,supplement19)super-,sur-,表示“在…..之上”superficial,surface,20)trans-,表示“移上,转上，在那一边”translate,transform,21)under-,表示“在…..下面,下的”underline,underground22)up-,表示“向上,向上面,在上”upward,uphold,uphill(上坡)2）后缀1.动词后加-able,-ible,-ble(构成形容词)可……的acceptable可以接受的;comfortable舒适的eatable可吃的suitable合适的visible可见的，impossible不可能的2.-ful(构成形容词)有某种特质:useful有用;thankful感谢的;beautiful美丽的3.动词加-er-or(构成名词)使动者:rider骑自行车的人;painter画家;builder建造者,visitor(参观者），translator(翻译）4..-ese(构成形容词或名词)来自某一地方Japanese日本的;日语;日本人;C