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增效结团絮凝工艺处理地表低浊水的试验研究Pelletflocculationprocessbasedonenhancedclarifierappliedtolowturbidityreservoirwatertreatment基金资助：¾基金资助：国家科技支撑计划课题（2006BAJ08B08-02）——西北地区小城镇高浊水处理技术研究及设备开发FinancialSupport:¾NationalKeyTechnologyR&DProgramofChina(2006BAJ08B08)西安建筑科技大学硕士学位论文增效结团絮凝工艺处理地表低浊水的试验研究专业：市政工程硕士生：邰传民指导教师：黄廷林教授摘要增效结团絮凝工艺是参照增效澄清原理，在结团絮凝的基础上开发的一种新型水处理工艺，该工艺集混凝、反应、沉淀、污泥回流、浓缩于一体。本文围绕这一新型工艺进行了相关试验。首先，利用小试模拟了实际进水条件下影响增效结团絮凝工艺效果的投药条件，开展了单纯利用结团絮凝工艺处理低浊水的可行性中试研究，同时又进行了增效结团絮凝工艺处理水库低浊水的中试试验。另外，在结团絮凝工艺的基础上，通过投加微砂，进行了微砂增效结团絮凝工艺处理低浊、高藻水的中试研究。(1)小试试验：模拟实际进水条件下增效结团絮凝工艺的中试试验，PAC的投量不宜超过25mg/L，如果继续增加投量，也无法使上清液浊度及CODMn继续降低；PAM投量对CODMn的去除无影响，但能够改善上清液浊度，PAM投量为0.2mg/L时，上清液浊度昀低，继续增大投量，上清液浊度反而会升高；回流污泥也能够改善上清液浊度，但对CODMn的去除基本无影响，回流污泥投量为800mg/L时,上清液浊度昀低，若继续增大投量，出水效果无明显改善。(2)结团絮凝工艺中试研究：结团絮凝工艺处理水库低浊水时，结团絮凝悬浮层未遭到破坏之前，PAC投量为5.0mg/L、PAM投量为0.25mg/L时，流化床出水浊度便可稳定在0.5NTU以下。但研究结果表明，悬浮层一旦破坏，将导致出水恶化，因此结团絮凝工艺处理低浊水需要污泥回流。(3)增效结团絮凝工艺中试试验：增效结团絮凝工艺处理水库低浊水是切实可行的，具有系统运行稳定性高，出水水质好等特点。控制上升流速为20m/h时，通过优化得出适宜的工艺参数为：混凝剂PAC投量为11mg/L左右,助凝剂PAM投量为0.25～0.30mg/L,污泥回流比为3%，搅拌转速为6r/min,在此条件下，出水浊西安建筑科技大学硕士学位论文度可控制在1.0NTU以下。(4)微砂增效结团絮凝工艺中试研究：采用微砂增效结团絮凝工艺处理汤峪水库低浊高藻水是切实可行的，且处理能力明显高于采用回流污泥的增效澄清技术。微砂增效结团絮凝工艺能够有效降低出水浊度和CODMn。微砂投量0.50g/L时的过程控制参数为：PAC投加量15mg/L,PAM投量0.4mg/L，搅拌转速8r/min时，上升流速达35m/h，藻类去除率可达80%，CODMn去除率达40%，浊度可控制在1.5NTU以下。关键词：结团絮凝；污泥回流；微砂；藻类去除率；增效作用西安建筑科技大学硕士学位论文PelletflocculationprocessbasedonenhancedclarifierappliedtolowturbidityreservoirwatertreatmentSpecialty：MunicipalEngineeringPostgraduate：TaiChuanminTutor：Prof.Ting-LinHuangAbstractPelletflocculationprocessbasedonenhancedclarifier,developedintheenhancedclarifierandonthebasisofpelletflocculation,isanewanewwatertreatmentprocess,andconcludescoagulation,reaction,sedimentation,sludgereturning.Inthispaper,lotsofresearcheshavedoneaboutthistopic.Firstofall,usingasmalltesttosimulatetheimpactoffactorsofpelletflocculationprocessbasedonenhancedclarifier,andconductapilottestoffeasibilityofflocculationprocessforthetreatmentoflowturbiditywater,andatthesametimeapilotexperimentalstudyiscarriedoutonlowturbidityreservoirwaterbypelletflocculationprocessbasedonenhancedclarifier.Inaddition,onthebasisofthepelletflocculationprocessofpelletbyaddingmicro-sand,apilotexperimentforthetreatmentoflowturbidity,highalgaewaterwasconductedwithpelletfluidizedbedwithmicro-sand.(1)Smallpilottest:whensimulatethereturnsludge,PACdosageshouldnotexceed25mg/L.Ifcontinuetoincreasethedosage,itcannotcontinuetoreducethesupernatantturbidityandCODMn.ThedosageofPAMhasnoeffectonCODMn,butcanimprovethesupernatantturbidity.WhenthedosageofPAMwas0.2mg/L,thesupernatantturbiditywaslower.Ifcontinuetoincreasethedosage,thesupernatantturbiditybutwillrise.Returnsludgecanalsoimprovethesupernatantturbidity,buthavenoinfluenceontheremovalofCODMn.Thedosageofreturnsludgewas800mg/L,lowersupernatantturbidity.Ifcontinuetoincreasethedosage,ithasnosignificantimprovement.(2)Pilotstudyofthepelletflocculationprocess.InfrontofsuspendedflocculationlayerofPelletdestruction,whenthedosageofPACwas5.0mg/L,thedosageofPAMwas0.25mg/L,theeffluentturbiditycanbestabilizedunder0.5NTU.However,theresultsshowthattheeffluentwillbeworseincaseofdamageofsuspendedlawyer.Thepelletflocculationprocessforthetreatmentof西安建筑科技大学硕士学位论文lowturbiditywaterisunstable.(3)Pilotstudyofpelletflocculationprocessbasedonenhancedclarifier:Theresultsshowthatitisfeasibletotreatthelowturbidityreservoirwaterusingthisnewprocess.Andtheprocesshasthecharacteristicsofhighstability,goodeffluentquality.Whentheupflowvelocityiscontrolledat20m/h,theoptimaloperationparametersareasfollows:thedosageofPACis11mg/L,thedosageofPAMis0.25~0.30mg/L,theratioofthesludgerecycleis3%,andthestirringspeedis6r/min.undersuchconditions,theeffluentturbiditycanbecontrolledlessthan1.0NTU.(4)Pilotstudyofthepelletflocculationprocessofpelletbyaddingmicro-sand:Theresultsshowedthatitisfeasibletotreatthelowturbidityandhighalgaewaterusingthisnewprocess.Andthetreatmentefficiencyofwhichissignificantlyhigherthanthatofthetechnologyofrecyclesludge.TheeffluentturbidityandCODMncouldbeeffectivelyreduced.Whenthedosageofmicro-sandwas0.50g/L,dosageofPACwas15mg/L,dosageofPAMwas0.40mg/L,thestirringspeedwas8r/min,theeffluentturbiditycouldbecontrolledunder1.5NTU,andtheCODMnremovalratewasmorethan40%,andthealgaeremovalratewashigherthan80%.KeyWords:Pelletflocculation;sludgerecycle;micro–sand;algaeremovalrate;synergisticeffect西安建筑科技大学硕士学位论文I目录1绪论............................................................................................................................11.1饮用水常规处理技术及其它处理工艺的发展应用..........................................11.1.1饮用水常规处理技术及其局限性...............................................................11.1.2饮用水常规处理技术的发展趋势...............................................................21.1.3水处理技术和研究现状...............................................................................31.2课题开展背景......................................................................................................71.3课题研究意义和内容.......................................................................................