英语六级阅读

六级阅读训练（2）Asyouallknow,theUnitedStatesisacountryonwheels.Nearlyeightmillionnewcarsaremadeeachyear;fourhouseholdsoutoffiveownatleastonecar,andmorethanaquarterhavetwoeach.Yetyou’llbesurprisedtolearnthatsomeofthecar-ownersevensufferfrommalnutrition（营养不良）.In1968,anation-widesurveyofmalnutritionwasmadeforthefirsttime.Itfoundthat10millionpeoplearesufferinginhealththroughinadequatefeeding;thecausesoftheirplight（困境）werevaried.Unemploymentoveralongperiodshouldbeconsideredasthemainfactor.Andunemployment,strangetosay,ninetimesoutoftenresultsfromautomation,bothinindustrialandagriculturalareas.Forexample,intheruralSouthwhenacottonplantationsuddenlycutsitsforcefrom100peopletothree,theproblemtohelpthedisplacedarises.Soisthecasewithindustrialautomation.Infact,probably2millionjobsaremadeunnecessaryeachyearinthewholecountryasaresultoftheautomationprocess,thusmakingunemploymentachiefsocialconcern.Accordingtogovernmentstatistics,thenumberofpeopleunemployedwasover5percentfortheperiodfrom1958to1963.InJuly1981,itroseto7.8percent.Asamatteroffact,ithaslongbeenknownthatevenduringthemostprosperousperiodstherehavebeenpeoplewithoutenoughtoeat.SoIthinkthat’swhyPresidentKennedysaidinhisinaugurationspeechin1961,ifthegovernmentdidnothelpthepoor,itcouldnotsavetherich.In1966,theSocialSecurityAdministrationcalculatedthatafamilyoffourneededanincomeof$3,355ayeartobeabovethelineofpoverty.Andin1977,theaveragepovertylineofthecountrywasslightlymorethan$6,200annualincomeforanon-farmfamilyoffour.AccordingtotheSocialSecurityAct,familiesofthatsizebelowpovertylineareeligibletoreceivebenefitsfromthespecialwelfareprogram.Theaverageweeklypaymentofbenefitsnowisequivalentto36percentoftheworker’snormalwage.Andthenumberofpeoplewhoreceivegovernmentbenefitsisincreasing.In1973,socialinsurancepaymentsbygovernments,mainlytooldagepensionersandpeoplewhohadlosttheirjobsorwereoffworkthroughillness,amountedto$86,000million.Thosenotfullyqualifiedforinsurancepaymentsreceived$29,000millioninpublicaid.Butproblemsstillexist.Manypeoplearenotreachedbytheanti-povertyprogram,becauselocalauthoritiesandagenciesdonotwanttoplaytheirpartordonotgavetheresourcestodoso.Somepoorpeoplewillnotaccepthelpforvariousreasons.Ofcourse,therearesomemoreimportantfactorswhichlieinthestructureofthesociety,butIdon’tconsideritnecessarytodigintothemhere.Yetwewillperhapsagreethatsocialwelfareprogramshavesolvedtosomeextenttheproblemsoffeeding,clothingandhousingthosebelowthepovertyline.Onthewhole,itperhapsmightbesaidthatAmericanpeoplearelivingabetterlifethanpeopleinmostothercountries.1.TheUnitedStatesiscalledacountryonwheelsbecause______.A.aboutone-fourthAmericansowntwocarsB.abitoveroneoutoffourhouseholdsaretheownersoftwocarsC.nearly8millionnewcarsdriveinthecountryeveryyearD.80%Americanshaveatleastonecar2.Accordingtoa1968survey,tenmillionAmericansfoundthemselvesinadifficulthealthsituationchieflydueto_______.A.inadequatefeedingB.malnutritionC.unemploymentD.automation3.Theauthoruse”thedisplaced”(Line9,Para.2)torefertothosewhoare_______.A.unemployedB.disabledC.sickD.poor4.Theword“eligible”(Line6,Para.3)issynonymouswith“_______”A.necessaryB.urgentC.neededD.worthy5.Americansarelivingabetterlifethanthoseinmostofothercountriesbecause,tosomedegree,_____.A.manyAmericansreceivebenefitsfromthespecialwelfareprogramB.somepoorpeoplecanreceivehelpforsomereasonorotherC.thereistheanti-povertyprogramintheU.S.D.socialwelfareprogramshavesomemeasuresettledtheproblemsofthosebelowthepovertyline.六级阅读训练（2）答案：BCADD六级阅读训练（1）Sinceitsfoundationin1954,theUnitedNationshaswrittenintoitsmajorcovenants(契约)theneedtoestablishminimumagesformarriage.Butthecustomofmarriageisahighlysensitiveculturalissue,mainlybecauseitissounpleasantlyinvolvedwithwomen’srightsandsocietaltraditionsandpractices,andrulesonmarriagevarywidelybetweencountries.Somecountries,particularlyinWestAfrica,stilldonothavealegalminimumageformarriage.IntheWest,a13-year-oldisstillconsideredachild.Evengettingmarriedinone’slateteensisnotusuallyencouragedbecausemarriedlifeislikelytointerferewithayoungwoman’seducationandconsequentlyrestrictopportunitiesinlaterlife.Andtherearealsophysicaldangersingivingbirthsoyoung.TheWorldHealthOrganizationhasoverthepasttenyearsidentifiedearlychildbirthasamajorcauseoffemalemortalityinmanycountries.UnderIslamicreligiouslaw,theageofconsentforsexandmarriageispuberty,whichMuslimssayisinharmonywiththebiologicaltransitionfromchildhoodintoadulthood.InMuslimcountriessuchasSaudiArabia,IranandPakistan,theageofpubertyataround13or14isthelegalageformarriage,butinTurkeyitis15,andinEgyptandTunisia,18thesameminimumageasinmanyWesterncountries.Itisarguedthatbyallowingearliermarriages,Islamiclawispromotingstablerelationships,whileWesternlawsareencouragingpromiscuityamongyoungpeople.Inmanycountries,thetrendsofurbanizationandeducationforgirlshaveseenadropinthenumberofchildbrides.However,earlymarriagescontinuetooccurinpoorruralareas,wheresocietyworksverymuchonpersonalarrangementbetweenfamilies,villagesandcommunities.Anditdoesn’tonlyhappenincountrieswhichdon’thavealegalminim