考无忧论坛-----考霸整理版高中大学数学微分与积分公式(全集)(高中大学数学)一、00101101lim0nnnmmxmanmbaxaxanmbxbxbnm−−→∞⎧=⎪⎪+++⎪=⎨+++⎪∞⎪⎪⎩LL(系数不为0的情况)二、重要公式(1)0sinlim1xxx→=(2)()10lim1xxxe→+=(3)lim()1nnaao→∞=(4)lim1nnn→∞=(5)limarctan2xxπ→∞=(6)limtan2xarcxπ→−∞=−(7)limarccot0xx→∞=(8)limarccotxxπ→−∞=(9)lim0xxe→−∞=(10)limxxe→+∞=∞(11)0lim1xxx+→=三、下列常用等价无穷小关系(0x→)sinxx:tanxx:arcsinxx:arctanxx:211cos2xx−:()ln1xx+:1xex−:1lnxaxa−:()11xx∂+−∂:四、导数的四则运算法则()uvuvʹ′ʹ′ʹ′±=±()uvuvuvʹ′ʹ′ʹ′=+2uuvuvvvʹ′ʹ′ʹ′−⎛⎞=⎜⎟⎝⎠五、基本导数公式⑴()0cʹ′=⑵1xxµµµ−=⑶()sincosxxʹ′=⑷()cossinxxʹ′=−⑸()2tansecxxʹ′=⑹()2cotcscxxʹ′=−⑺()secsectanxxxʹ′=⋅⑻()csccsccotxxxʹ′=−⋅⑼()xxeeʹ′=⑽()lnxxaaaʹ′=⑾()1lnxxʹ′=⑿()1loglnxaxaʹ′=⒀()21arcsin1xxʹ′=−⒁()21arccos1xxʹ′=−−考无忧论坛-----考霸整理版⒂()21arctan1xxʹ′=+⒃()21arccot1xxʹ′=−+⒄()1xʹ′=⒅()12xxʹ′=六、高阶导数的运算法则(1)()()()()()()()nnnuxvxuxvx±=±⎡⎤⎣⎦(2)()()()()nncuxcux=⎡⎤⎣⎦(3)()()()()nnnuaxbauaxb+=+⎡⎤⎣⎦(4)()()()()()()()0nnnkkknkuxvxcuxvx−=⋅=⎡⎤⎣⎦∑七、基本初等函数的n阶导数公式(1)()()!nnxn=(2)()()naxbnaxbeae++=⋅(3)()()lnnxxnaaa=(4)()()sinsin2nnaxbaaxbnπ⎛⎞+=++⋅⎡⎤⎜⎟⎣⎦⎝⎠(5)()()coscos2nnaxbaaxbnπ⎛⎞+=++⋅⎡⎤⎜⎟⎣⎦⎝⎠(6)()()()11!1nnnnanaxbaxb+⋅⎛⎞=−⎜⎟+⎝⎠+(7)()()()()()11!ln1nnnnanaxbaxb−⋅−+=−⎡⎤⎣⎦+八、微分公式与微分运算法则⑴()0dc=⑵()1dxxdxµµµ−=⑶()sincosdxxdx=⑷()cossindxxdx=−⑸()2tansecdxxdx=⑹()2cotcscdxxdx=−⑺()secsectandxxxdx=⋅⑻()csccsccotdxxxdx=−⋅⑼()xxdeedx=⑽()lnxxdaaadx=⑾()1lndxdxx=⑿()1loglnxaddxxa=⒀()21arcsin1dxdxx=−⒁()21arccos1dxdxx=−−⒂()21arctan1dxdxx=+⒃()21arccot1dxdxx=−+九、微分运算法则⑴()duvdudv±=±⑵()dcucdu=⑶()duvvduudv=+⑷2uvduudvdvv−⎛⎞=⎜⎟⎝⎠考无忧论坛-----考霸整理版十、基本积分公式⑴kdxkxc=+∫⑵11xxdxcµµµ+=++∫⑶lndxxcx=+∫⑷lnxxaadxca=+∫⑸xxedxec=+∫⑹cossinxdxxc=+∫⑺sincosxdxxc=−+∫⑻221sectancosdxxdxxcx==+∫∫⑼221csccotsinxdxxcx==−+∫∫⑽21arctan1dxxcx=++∫⑾21arcsin1dxxcx=+−∫十一、下列常用凑微分公式积分型换元公式()()()1faxbdxfaxbdaxba+=++∫∫uaxb=+()()()11fxxdxfxdxµµµµµ−=∫∫uxµ=()()()1lnlnlnfxdxfxdxx⋅=∫∫lnux=()()()xxxxfeedxfede⋅=∫∫xue=()()()1lnxxxxfaadxfadaa⋅=∫∫xua=()()()sincossinsinfxxdxfxdx⋅=∫∫sinux=()()()cossincoscosfxxdxfxdx⋅=−∫∫cosux=()()()2tansectantanfxxdxfxdx⋅=∫∫tanux=()()()2cotcsccotcotfxxdxfxdx⋅=∫∫cotux=()()()21arctanarcnarcn1fxdxftaxdtaxx⋅=+∫∫arctanux=()()()21arcsinarcsinarcsin1fxdxfxdxx⋅=−∫∫arcsinux=十二、补充下面几个积分公式考无忧论坛-----考霸整理版tanlncosxdxxc=−+∫cotlnsinxdxxc=+∫seclnsectanxdxxxc=++∫csclncsccotxdxxxc=−+∫2211arctanxdxcaxaa=++∫2211ln2xadxcxaaxa−=+−+∫221arcsinxdxcaax=+−∫22221lndxxxacxa=+±+±∫十三、分部积分法公式⑴形如naxxedx∫,令nux=,axdvedx=形如sinnxxdx∫令nux=,sindvxdx=形如cosnxxdx∫令nux=,cosdvxdx=⑵形如arctannxxdx∫,令arctanux=,ndvxdx=形如lnnxxdx∫,令lnux=,ndvxdx=⑶形如sinaxexdx∫,cosaxexdx∫令,sin,cosaxuexx=均可。十四、第二换元积分法中的三角换元公式(1)22ax−sinxat=(2)22ax+tanxat=(3)22xa−secxat=【特殊角的三角函数值】(1)sin00=(2)1sin62π=(3)3sin32π=(4)sin12π=)(5)sin0π=(1)cos01=(2)3cos62π=(3)1cos32π=(4)cos02π=)(5)cos1π=−(1)tan00=(2)3tan63π=(3)tan33π=(4)tan2π不存在(5)tan0π=(1)cot0不存在(2)cot36π=(3)3cot33π=(4)cot02π=(5)cotπ不存在十五、三角函数公式考无忧论坛-----考霸整理版1.两角和公式sin()sincoscossinABABAB+=+sin()sincoscossinABABAB−=−cos()coscossinsinABABAB+=−cos()coscossinsinABABAB−=+tantantan()1tantanABABAB++=−tantantan()1tantanABABAB−−=+cotcot1cot()cotcotABABBA⋅−+=+cotcot1cot()cotcotABABBA⋅+−=−2.二倍角公式sin22sincosAAA=2222cos2cossin12sin2cos1AAAAA=−=−=−22tantan21tanAAA=−3.半角公式1cossin22AA−=1coscos22AA+=1cossintan21cos1cosAAAAA−==++1cossincot21cos1cosAAAAA+==−−4.和差化积公式sinsin2sincos22ababab+−+=⋅sinsin2cossin22ababab+−−=⋅coscos2coscos22ababab+−+=⋅coscos2sinsin22ababab+−−=−⋅()sintantancoscosababab++=⋅5.积化和差公式()()1sinsincoscos2ababab=−+−−⎡⎤⎣⎦()()1coscoscoscos2ababab=++−⎡⎤⎣⎦()()1sincossinsin2ababab=++−⎡⎤⎣⎦()()1cossinsinsin2ababab=+−−⎡⎤⎣⎦6.万能公式考无忧论坛-----考霸整理版22tan2sin1tan2aaa=+221tan2cos1tan2aaa−=+22tan2tan1tan2aaa=−7.平方关系22sincos1xx+=22secn1xtax−=22csccot1xx−=8.倒数关系tancot1xx⋅=seccos1xx⋅=csin1csxx⋅=9.商数关系sintancosxxx=coscotsinxxx=十六、几种常见的微分方程1.可分离变量的微分方程:()()dyfxgydx=,()()()()11220fxgydxfxgydy+=2.齐次微分方程:dyyfdxx⎛⎞=⎜⎟⎝⎠3.一阶线性非齐次微分方程:()()dypxyQxdx+=解为:()()()pxdxpxdxyeQxedxc−⎡⎤∫∫=+⎢⎥⎣⎦∫