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YouaremymyonlysunshineYoumakemehappywhenskiesaregrey+=阳光…Yet,shopkeepersmayhavetospendextrahourstodealwithproblems,suchasshoplifters,whoalwaystakeawaythingsfromtheshopwithoutpayingforthem.…Whatdoestheword“shoplifter”mean?A.商店里的小偷B.商店里的推销员C.商店里的老客户D.商店里的搬运工shop+liftershoplifterliftern.小偷巧用构词法原则帮助解答阅读理解中的猜测词义题WordFormation构词法主讲：杨易佳一、派生法（Derivation）由词根(root)加前缀（prefix）或后缀（suffix）构成新词。disagreeimprovement（prefix）（suffix）un-否定前缀dis-in-im-mis-non-understandpolitesmokeragreefairvisibleSomeimportantprefixes:Heenlargedhisvocabularybyreadingwidely.en-动词前缀enable,endanger,Readingcan______yourlife.(rich)enrichSomeimportantsuffixes:名词后缀-ment-tion-ness-ist-ity-sim形容词后缀-ful-able-less-ious-al-ishsharpenapencilstrengthenbrightensharpadj.sharpenv.__________________strength_____________bright-en动词后缀Withtheirshiningbrowneyes,waggingtails,andunconditionallove,dogscanprovidethenonjudgmentallistenersneededforabeginningreadertogainconfidence.(2003NMET)unconditional:nonjudgmental:无条件的，绝对的没有判断力的二、合成法（Compounding）把两个或两个以上独立的词合成一个新词。eggplantpineappleForthem,playingwellandwinningareoftenlife-and-deathaffairs.生死攸关的Down-to-earthspiritisanecessity.Sharpwordsfromateachercanusuallybringaday-dreamingstudentdown-to-earth.honestorpractical实事求是，脚踏实地HernamewasRachel,andImoonedmywaythroughthegradeandhighschool,strickenatthemeresightofher,tongue-tiedinherpresence.…Atanyrate,myloveforRachelremainedwithoutresult.Wegraduatedfromhighschool,shewentontocollege,andIjoinedtheArmy.Iwassentoverseasduringthewar.Foratimewewrote,andherletterswerethehighlightofthoseterribleendlessyears.tongue-tiedoverseashighlight三、转化法（Conversion）由一种词性转化为另一种词性的词。Heisamanwithbroadshoulders.Wewillshouldertheresponsibilitiesatanytime.n.v.take/bearNevertroubletroubleuntiltroubletroublesyou.四、缩略法（Abbreviation）PRCUSAUKUNPeople'sRepublicofChinatheUnitedStatesofAmericatheUnitedKingdomofGreatBritainandNorthernIrelandtheUnitedNations构词法派生法（Derivation）合成法(Compounding)转化法（Conversion）缩略法（Abbreviation）ableunable;teachteacherspace+shipspaceshipvisitv.visitn.Doityourself.DIY1…Itwouldbeeasyforsomeonetomispresenthimselfonlinebecauseyoucan’tseehim.Thussomeonewhosaysthat“sheisa12-year-oldgirl.”couldreallybeanoldman.Whatdoestheword“mispresent”mean?A.MakingawrongjudgmentaboutB.UnderstandingsomebodywronglyC.GivingawrongdescriptionofD.Formingawrongopinionaboutmis-sth.isdonewrongorbadlypresentvt.describe2….Thecomputeralsocountstheloadsandgivesasignalbyphonewhentheboxisfull.Andaspecialpieceofequipmentbreaksupthenonrecyclables.Theword“nonrecyclables”probablymeans?A.nonrecyclingpapersB.thingsthatcannotberecycledC.anythingcanberecycledD.recyclablethingsrecyclev.使再循环，回收利用recyclableadj.可回收利用的nonrecyclablen.不能回收利用的东西3….Anothermythabouteyesisthattheycanbetransplanted.Itisquitedifficulttoconnectaneyeballtoanewbrain…Theword“transplant”probablymeans?A.TotransportfromoneplacetoanotherB.TotranslatefromoneparttoanotherC.TomovefromonepartofthebodytoanotherD.Tochangeoneformtoanother.trans-changetransplant移植4….MyteenagesonKarlbecamewithdrawnafterhisfatherdied.Asasingleparent,Itriedtodomybesttotalktohim,butthemoreItried,themorehepulledaway.(2004NMET)Bysaying“Karlbecamewithdrawn”,theauthormeansthattheboychangedentirelyand_________.A.preferredtostayaloneathomeB.lostinterestinhisstudiesC.refusedtotalktoothersD.begantodislikehismotherwith-drawbackwithdrawn退缩，（在社交场合或情绪方面）变得冷漠Whenwedealwiththeproblemsinreadingcomprehension,wecanuseWordFormationtohelpus,butthecontext(上下文，语境)isalsoveryimportant.Thankyou!