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一、一般现在时11.主句是一般将来时,时间、条件状语从句中用一般现在时表示将来。Eg:I’llgothereafterI______（finish）mywork.Ifit________(rain)tomorrow,Iwon’tgothere.Don’tbesohurry,thetrain_______（start）atsixo’clock.Thewaterwillbefurtherpollutedunlesssomemeasures___________(take).rainsfinishstartsaretaken一、一般现在时22.在以here,there开头的句子里，go,come等少数动词的一般现在时表示正在发生的动作。eg：There________thebell.铃响了。There_______thebus.汽车来了。Hereshe__________.她来了。goescomescomes一、一般现在时33.表示按计划、规定要发生的动作（句中都带有时间状语），但限于少数趋向性动词：go,come,begin,start,stop,end,arrive,get,reach,leave,be,close4.有时也可以在从句中用现在完成时表将来某一时刻以前完成的动作。Eg:Don'tgetoffthebusuntilit___.(C84)A.hasstoppedB.stoppedC.willstopD.shallstop5.表示按时刻表要发生的动作：Eg:Don’tbesohurry,thetrain__________（start）atsixo’clock.Astarts二、现在进行时1.表示按计划安排即将发生的动作。eg：SheisleavingforBeijing.她要去北京。Heisworkingasateachertomorrow.从明天起他要做老师。MyfatheriscomingtoseemethisSaturday.这个星期六我爸爸要来看我。2.代替一般现在时，描绘更加生动。eg：TheChangjiangRiverisflowingintotheeast.江水滚滚向东流。Thesunisrisingintheeast.太阳从东方冉冉升起。二、现在进行时3.大多数动词可用于进行时，但也有些动词不用于进行时。常见的有：exist,live,understand,mean,owe,belongto,know,doubt,suppose,remember,forget,believe,trust,want,wish,refuse,like,hate,dislike,prefer,mind,hope等4.表说话人的某种感情。赞扬或厌烦，常和forever,always连用Eg:He____thesamequestion.A.oftenaskB.isalwayskeepingC.isalwaysasking他总是乐于助人。Heisalwayshelpingothers.5.Let’shurry,theteachermustbewaitingforus.(老师一定正在等我们)C现在完成时与一般过去时的区别：1）这两种时态表述发生在过去的某一动作，现在完成时强调这一过去动作对现在产生的影响或结果，而一般过去时只表达过去的动作或状态，和现在关系不大。eg：Shehascleanedtheroom.2）汉语中的“了”、“过”、“曾”等词常用完成表达，如：Ihaveseenthatfilm.（我看过那部电影了。）eg：Whendidyouseethatfilm?Isawityesterday.(你什么时候看了那部电影？我昨天看的。)三、现在完成时判断正误：Whenhaveyouseenthatfilm?()Ihaveseenityesterday.（）Whendidyouseethatfilm?Isawityesterday.3.短暂动词（即瞬间动词），join,lose,buy,borrow,leave,go,come,arrive,die,marry,finish,complete,begin,start,breakout等，在完成时态中，其肯定式不能和表示一段时间的状语连用。例如不能说：Hehasfinishedtheworkforthreehours.要翻译“他已完成工作三小时了。”可采用1）“ago法”：Hefinishedtheworkthreehoursago.2）“for法”：Hehasbeenthrough(with)theworkforthreehours.3）“since法”：Itis/hasbeenthreehourssincehefinishedthework.Itis/hasthreeyearssincehelivedinBeijing.我哥哥结婚已经三年了。1.___________________________________________.2.___________________________________________.3.___________________________________________.常用句型：This/Itisthefirst(second...)timethat+完成时Itis(hasbeen)+时间段+since+一般过去时Itwas+时间段+since+过去完成时eg.1)ItwasalongtimesinceIsawTomatmyuncle'sandIdon'tknowwherehehasbeenthesemonths.(S90,A)2)ItisthethirdtimethatI____theproblemtoyou.A.explainedB.haveexplainedC.amexplaining(B)3)Itwas15yearssinceshehadlefthome.四、现在完成进行时1、含义：表从过去某时开始，一直延续到现在，可能刚刚结束，或还在继续进行。eg.1)He____carsthismorningand____fivecarssofar.A.haswashed;haswashedB.haswashed;hasbeenwashingC.hasbeenwashing;hasbeenwashingD.hasbeenwashing;haswashed(D)2)Thescientist____theexperimentforhalfayear,buthe____yet.A.made;didn'tsucceedB.made;hasn'tsucceededC.wasmaking;didn'tsucceedD.hasbeenmaking;hasn'tsucceeded(D)2.现在完成进行时与现在完成时的区别：现在完成进行时只用于动作动词，它所表示的动作有延续性和未完成性。现在完成时既可用于动作动词，又可用于状态动词。五、一般过去时1．过去时间一般由时间状语短语或时间状语从句表示：eg.AfterIhadwalkedforsixhours_____.(S90C)A.IhadbeentiredoutB.I'llbetiredoutC.IwastiredoutD.Iwouldhavebeentiredout2.但现在越来越倾向于从前后句或句子意思本身来判断动作或状态，也就是语境。这是时态部分应特别重视的问题。eg.1).Sogladtoseeyouback!Howlong____you____there?(C)A.do;stayB.have;leftC.have;beenD.did;stay2).---We'llhaveapartyforyourbirthday.---Oh,really?But______.(B)A.Idon'tknowB.Ididn'tknowC.I'msorryIdon'tknow3.特殊：1)．主句动词用一般过去时，宾语从句中的动词也相应用过去时的原则。eg.1).Oh,it'syou.I'msorryI___knowyou___here.A.don't;areB.didn't;areC.didn't;wereD.don't;were(C)2).----Yourauntisherealready.---Oh,I____she____tomorrow?A.thought;wouldcomeB.don'tthink;iscomingC.think;willcomeD.didn'tthink;iscoming(A)2.透过虚拟语气。eg.1).---Wecouldhavewalkedtothestation;itwassonear.---Yes.Ataxi____atallnecessary.(A)A.wasn'tB.hadn'tbeenC.wouldn'tbeD.won't2).Imeanttohavehelpedyou,butI___busy.A.wasB.amC.hadbeen(A)1.表示动作在另一过去动作发生时进行。例如：TheywerestillworkingwhenIleft.2.用在两个过去进行时动作同时发生。例如：IwaswritingwhilehewaswatchingTV.3.表示过去将来动作。例如：Hesaidshewasarrivingthenextday.(他说他第二天到达。)4.过去进行时常用于when,while,as引导的时间状语从句中，表背景，引出由一般过去时表示的新动作“过去进行时（表背景）+when+一般过去时（新发生的动作）”此时相当于atthattime,justthen.eg.1)Myfamily___TVwhenmyclassmates___toseeme.(D)A.watched;wascomingB.watching;comingC.willwatch;comeD.werewatching;came2)He___inthestreetwhenI___him.(C)A.walked;calledB.waswalking;wascallingC.waswalking;calledD.walked;wascalling3)ThelasttimeI___Janeshe____cottoninthefields.(D)A.hadseen;waspickingB.saw;pickedC.hadseen;pickedD.saw;waspicking5.go,come,leave,start;die用过去进行时表过去将来。eg.1)Nothingcouldbedonetosavethepatientandhe____fast.A.diedB.wasdyingC.wasdeadD.die(B)2)Mr.Smithhasjustarrived,butIdidn'tknowhe___untilyesterday.A.willcomeB.wascomingC.hadbeencomingD.comes(B)3)Myfatherwillbeheretomorrow.Oh,Ithoughthe____today.A.wascomingB.iscomingC.willcomeD.comes(A)六、过去进行时七、过去完成时1.表示动作或状态从过去某个时刻开始一直延续到另一个过去时刻才完成，甚至还要继续下去。例如：Attheageoften,hehadlearned500Englishwords.Hehadbeenillforaweekwhenwelearnedaboutit.Hardly….when/nosooner…than2.常用hope,expect,think,intend,want,suppose等动词的过去完成时来表示未实现的希望、打算或意图。例如：Wehadexpectedthatyouwouldbeabletowinthematch.八、一般将来时1.构成：1.Shall/w