初中英语语法定语从句_综合复习用

语法复习课1.Itissaidthattherewillbeaheavysnowtomorrow.2.Weworksohardthatwehavemadegreatprogress.3.Haveyouheardthenewsthatmadeusexcited?先行词引导词(关系词）从句Maryisagirlwhohaslonghair.（被修饰的名词或代词）（跟在先行词后，引导从句的词）修饰先行词的句子定语从句分析定语从句：在名词或代词后由一个句子充当定语结构：先行词+引导词+从句1.Godhelpthosewhohelpthemselves.2.Hewholaughslastlaughsbest.3.Hewhodoesn’treachtheGreatWallisnotatrueman.4.Hewhoiscontent(满足)isalwayshappy.天助自助者。笑到最后的人才是英雄。不到长城非好汉。知足者常乐。中考定语从句考查形式：单项选择完形填空阅读理解选词填空书面表达1.考查定语从句的引导词（关系代词）中考常考考点2.通常只能用that不能用which的情况3.考查定语从句的引导词（关系副词）4.定语从句中的主谓一致5.非限制性定语从句■关系代词who,whom的用法关系代词的作用Idon’tlikepeoplewhotalkmuchbutdolittle.Sheisthegirlwho/whomImetattheschoolgateyesterday■关系代词whose的用法Sheisthewomanwhosecarwasstolen.Thisisthehousewhosewindowswerebroken.关系代词that用法Adriverthathasknockedsomeonedownmuststop.Heisthemanthatyouhavebeenlookingfor.ThisistheplanethatwillflytoTokyointhemorning.ShewasinterestedinsomethingthatIhadsaid.关系代词which的用法Isthisthebook（which）youarelookingfor?1.Shewasnotonthetrainwhicharrivedjustnow.2.Henevergotbackthemoneywhichhehadlenther.1、当先行词是anything,everything,nothing(something除外),few,all,none,little,some等代词时，或者是由every,any,all,some,no,little,few,much，each等修饰时that和which在指物的情况下一般都可以互换,但在下列情况下,一般用that而不用which。注意：当先行词指人时，偶尔也可以用whoAnymanthat/whohasasenseofdutywon’tdosuchathing.2、当先行词被序数词修饰3、当先行词被形容词最高级修饰时4、当形容词被thevery,theonly，thesame,thelast,any,little等修饰时5、当先行词前面有who,which等疑问代词时6、当先行词既有人，也有动物或者物体时关系副词关系副词：在句中作状语关系副词=介词+关系代词why=forwhichwhere=in/at/on/...whichwhen=during/on/in/...whichwhen指时间，在定语从句中做时间状语(1)IstillrememberthedaywhenIfirstcametotheschool.(2)Thetimewhenwegottogetherfinallycame.why指原因，在定语从句中做原因状语(1)Pleasetellmethereasonwhyyoumissedtheplane.(2)Idon’tknowthereasonwhyhelooksunhappytoday.注意：关系副词引导的从句可以由“介词+关系代词”引导的从句替换(1)Thereasonwhy/forwhichherefusedtheinvitationisnotclear,(2)Fromtheyearwhen/inwhichhewasgoingtoschoolhebegantoknowwhathewantedwhenhegrewup.(1)ShanghaiisthecitywhereIwasborn.(2)ThehousewhereIlivedtenyearsagohasbeenpulleddown.where指地点，在定语从句中做地点状语关系词注意:从句中的谓语动词要和先行词保持一致that指人或物which指物who指人Isthesentencetrueorfalse?Ilikethecartoonwhichmakemelaugh.makes限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句：Maryisagirlwhohaslonghair.限制性定语从句是先行词在意义上不可缺少的定语，如果去掉，主句的意思就不完整或失去意义。这种从句和主句关系十分密切，写时不用逗号分开。1.Hismother,whomheloveddeeply,wentabroad.2.Thefamily,wholivedupstairs,arefondofmusic.3.Thisnovel,whichIhavereadthreetimes,isverytouching.说明：非限制性定语不能用that引导；关系代词不能省；要用逗号隔开。非限制性定语从句和主句关系不很密切，只是对先行词作些附加说明，如果去掉，主句的意思仍然清楚。这种从句，写时往往逗号分开。做题一般步骤1.确定先行词：空格之前的单词或词组2.将先行词带入定语从句，还原从句为完整句子3.根据先行词在还原句中的成分确定引导词步骤二步骤三=whereinwhich步骤一先行词house，带入定语从句Thisisthehouse_______Ilive.Exercise1:用关系代词填空1.Theboy____________isplayingping-pongismyclassmate.2.Thee-mail___________Ireceivedyesterdaywasfrommysister.3.Ihatepeople______________talkmuchbutdolittle.4.Thecar_____________myfatherboughtlastmonthisverybeautiful.who/thatwhich/thatwho/thatwhich/that5.Theman______hairiswhiteishisgrandfather.6.Isthereastudent_________fatherisabusinessman?7.Thisisthehousein________wehavelivedfor10years.8.I’veneverheardofthepeopleandthings________youtalkedaboutjustnow.whosewhosewhichthat当先行词同时指人和物时，关系代词只能用that.Exercise2.1.Myfatherandhisteachertalkedalotaboutthepersonsandthings______theycouldn’tremember.2.Sayall________youknow.3.Isthereanything______Icandoforyou?thatthatthat当先行词是something,anything,nothing,all等词时，关系代词只能用that.4.Thisisthefirstplay________IhaveseensinceIcamehere.5.Thisisthebestnovel_______Ihaveread.thatthat当先行词被序数词，最高级等词修饰时，关系代词只能用that.6.Whoisthegirl_______isstandingunderthetree?7.Whichisthemachine____weusedlastSunday.当主句是who或which引导的特殊疑问句，而中心词指人或物时，关系代词只能用that.thatthat