How-the-world-eats-世界美食-、饮食文化、饮食差异、餐桌礼仪

HowtheWorldEatsAboutAuthorIntroductionBryanWalsh(布赖恩·沃什)BryanWalshisaseniorwriterforTIMEmagazine,coveringenergyandtheenvironment—andalso,occasionally,scarydiseases.Hefrequentlywritesnewsabouttheenvironmentinadditiontocoveringgeneralinterestandnationalstories.PreviouslyhewastheTokyobureauchiefforTIME,andreportedfromHongKongonhealth,theenvironmentandthearts.HeliveinBrooklyn.IntroductionIntroductionBackgroundInformation1、FoodCultureandNationalIdentity2、theExchangeoftheDiet3、theOriginoftheDiet4、theDeteriorationoftheFoodCultureDiscussion:HowtoEatContentContentFoodCultureandNationalIdentityTheJapanesegenerallyloverawfish.TheJapanesefoodisfastidiousabouttheoriginaltasteandflavor,andtoomuchseasoningisnotadvocated,usedelicategivefirstplaceto.TheMongolianprefermeatanddairyfood,especiallylikemutton.Theyusuallyeatwiththeirhands,butsometimeswithknivesandforks.Theyoftenputthewholepieceofmeatintheboilingpot,scoopouttillmediumrareandtheneatwithhandsorknives.Ingeneral,mostofthemhaveabigappetite.Frenchdishisfamousforitsvarietyandfreshnessofmaterial,elegantdesignoftablewareandabundanttypesofdishes.Thestaplefoodsincludeallkindsofbread,whilethesidedishesvaryfromroastedgoosestospecialescargotswithdeliciouscheese,saladandwine.ThemaincoursesinArabcountriesareakindoflargeflatbreadandhandpilaf.Theymainlyeatbeefandmutton,andmeanwhile,theyaresweetloversandnondrinkers.theExchangeoftheDietTheglobalizationofdietculturevscultureandglobalexchangeSo,alotofwhatwethinkofasdeeplyrootedculturaltraditionsarereallytraceablebacktoglobalexchange.homogenizationIntheeraofinstantcommunicationandacceleratedtrade,thoseculturalexchangeshaveexploded,leadingtosomethingclosertoculturalhomogenization.theOriginoftheDietIt’simportanttorememberthatthefirstpurposeoffoodistokeepusalive.Buteatingculturehasitsdevelopmentprocess.Inearliertimes,peoplelivednatureofeconomiclife,self-sufficiency.Therewasaveryimportantinterconnectionbetweeneatingtogether.Withthedevelopmentofeconomyandtechnology,foodsbecomemoreandmorediversity,andpeoplecanchoosefoodsmoreandmore.peoplearegettingmoreandbetternutritionfromthemeals,andtheykeepthemingoodbalance.Ortheycangettogethertotastedeliciousdelicaciesintheworld.theDeteriorationoftheFoodCultureDeterioration•Withtheprogressofoursociety,thefamilysizeissmallerandsmaller,full-timehousewifeisalmostdisappear,therefore,noonewillcostalotoftimetodothetraditionalfood,insteadoffastfood.•Atthesametime,parentscomplainthattheymaketraditionaldishes,butthekidswon’teatthem.Theywantthethingstheyseeontelevision.•Ontheotherhand,inmanyMiddleEasterncountries,extendedfamiliesstilllivetogether,andwomenstayinthehomepreparingthekindsoftraditionalmealsthatwomenelsewherenolongercan.•WhileMuslimsfastfromsunuptosundown,Ramadannightsaremarkedbycalorie-heavyindulgence.•“Theleveloffoodconsumptionismuchhigherthanduringordinarymonths,”saysSamiZubaida,co-authorofthebookCulinaryCulturesoftheMiddleEast.CRISIS•Yetwhilewemight—indeedmust—cleanuptheworstofthefast-foodexcesses,tryingtopreservethedietsthatkeepusbothculturallyandphysicallyhealthier,noonepretendswe’reevergoingtoturnbacktheclockentirely.•“Nobodyhastimeanymore,”lamentsHarvard’sWastson.“NoteventheFrench.”Japanese•AtatrimhomeinnorthwestTokyo,homemakerEstsukoShinobu,60,preparesaproperJapaneselunch,usingfreshingredientssheboughtthatmorningatthenearbysupermarket.Sheservesdishesarrangedonanindividualtrayjustso,downtothedirectionofeachsetofchopsticks.Shelookshappy,evensereneassheworks.•Butwhenaskedwhethershehaspassedtheseskillsontoherdaughter,shesighs.“Ofcoursenot,”shesays.“She’sfartoobusyforthis.”Discussion:HowtoEatDiscussion:HowtoEat1、FormahealthyeatinghabitsFormahealthyeatinghabitssuchasbreakfastsatisfied,lunchwell,dinnerlessmoregreenvegetablesandlessgreasytomakethebodygetthenormaldevelopmentandmaintainahealthystate.morevegetableslessmeatFormahealthyhabitshouldstartfromthechildren2、LearntoprotectourfoodcultureFoodanddietarethecornerstonesofanyculture,oneofthemostreliablesymbolsodnationalidentity.Forexample,weshouldlearnourtablemannersanddiningetiquette