英语国家概况课件之英国

TheU.KTheU.SCanadaTheRepublicofIrelandAustraliaNewZealand&….English-SpeakingCountriesEnglishasofficiallanguageCountriesTheRepublicofGuyanaEnglandScotlandWalesNorthernIrelandCoverTheLARGESTpartofBritishisland;Themostpopulousandwealthiestpart;thesecondlongestandthemostimportantriverflowsthroughit----?;Highlyurbanized----?%ofthepopulationlivingincities.Thesecondlargestpartbothinareaandpopulation;Themostimportantriverinitis--?RemainedunifiedstateindependentofBritainforaVERYlongtime;?Oneofthemostimportantindustriesis----?Coverlessthan?%oftheBritishisland;Thelongestriveroftheislandflowthroughit----?IthasbeendominatedbyEnglandLONGERthanotherpartsbutstillretainsastrongsenseofitsdifferencefromEnglandThesmallestoftheotherfourpartsbothinareaandpopulation;Itoccupiesthenorthern?/?oftheislandofIreland.IthasthelargestlakeoftheIsles----?England----LondonScotland----EdinburghWales----CardiffNorthernIreland----BelfastEnglishGaelicWelsh*Irish???TEMPERATE:warmsummer(around20℃),coolwinters(around0℃)andplentifulprecipitation.3Features:1.frequentfoginwinter;2.largenumberofrainydays;3.changeability.DoyouknowhowdidtheflagoftheU.K.combine?Tourplan(groupwork):Designa3-daytourinEngland,Scotland,WalesorNorthernIrelandcoveringyourmostfavoritecitiesandtouristattractions.MakeaPPTofyourplan,containingtypicalpicturesandinstructions(nomorethan5minutesintotal)SendmePPTthroughtheInternetbeforethisFriday6p.m.Arrogant:傲慢的Bourgeoisie：资产阶级Capitalism：资本主义Catholic:天主教Christianity:基督教Colony:殖民地Commonwealth:英联邦Factions:派系斗争，内讧Feudalism:封建主义Invade:侵略Imperialism:帝国主义Monarchy:君主制Monopoly:垄断Parliament:议会Protestants:新教徒Proletariat:无产阶级Reign:君主统治Restore:恢复Throne:王权P1:55BC–410UnderRomanConqueror;P2:theAngles,theSaxons&theJutescame–1066Williamwascrowned;P3:1154-1485HouseofAnjou(MagnaCarta1215);P4:14th–15thcentury“TheHundredYearsWar”&“TheWaroftheRoses”;P5:16thcenturyTheReformation;P6:17thcenturyTheCivilWars&theGloriousRevolution;P7:18th-19thcenturyTheIndustrialRevolution;P8:19thcenturyBritishEmpire;P9:20th–NowWorldWarI&WorldWarII;Definition：Theconstitutionofacountryororganizationisthesystemoflawswhichformallystatespeople'srightsandduties.Distinguishingfeature：Unwritten；（notsystematicallycodifiedintosingledocument/nosingleconstitutionaldocument)Statutorylaw•Passedbyparliament;•Mostimportantandtakesprecedenceovertheotherifthereisaclash.Commonlaw•Notpreciselydefined•Itisdeducedfromcustomsorlegalprecedentsandisinterpretedincourtcasesbyjudges.conventions•Notlegallyenforceable•Regardedasvitaltotheworkingofthegovernment.•TheLegislature•TheExecutive•TheJudiciaryParliamentCrownTheHouseofLords(UpperHouse)TheHouseofCommons(LowerHouse)※Theoretically,theKingorQueenisthesourceofallgovernmentpowers,theheadofthelegislative,executiveandjudicialbranches,thecommander-in-chiefofallarmyforcesandthe“supremegovernoroftheChurchofEngland;givingtheirRoyalAssenttoanynewlaw,meetingwiththePrimeMinisteronaweeklybasis,payingstatevisitstoCommonwealthcountriesornon-Commonwealthcountriesonbehalfofthegovernment.※Symbolic,Ceremonial&UnpoliticalImportance:◎KeepthestabilityoftheBritishgovernment◎Keepthecontinuityandadaptabilityofthewholepoliticalsystem;◎ThesymbolofBritishunity,anindissolublebondamongpeoplewhoretainmanyregionalandculturaldifferences;Consistingof◎lifepeers◎ArchbishopsandbishopsoftheChurchofEngland◎electedhereditarypeersFunction:◎ExaminingandrevisebillsfromtheHouseofCommons;◎Actsinalegalcapacityasthehighestcourtofappeal;◎itisgoingtobereformed.◎thecenterofparliamentarypower◎Composedof650constituencies,whichisknownas“MPs”,waselectedtorepresentstheirconstituencybyBritishadultsinageneralelectioneveryfiveyears.◎TheLeaderofthepartywhichholdsthemajorityof“seats”isthePrimeMinister.Functions:◎themostimportantisdraftingnewlaws;◎scrutinizingtheactionsofthegovernment;◎influencefuturegovernmentpolicy.TheExecutiveThePrimeMinsterTheCabinetAssistantstotheministersthePrivyCouncilInBritain,thePrivyCouncilisagroupofpeoplewhoareappointedtoadvisethekingorqueenonpoliticalaffairs.※ComplicatedMagistrates’courtCrownCourtHighCourtCourtofAppealSupremeCourtMagistrates’courtCountycourtHighCourtCourtofAppeal◎500poundsdeposit◎useadvertisementsinnewspapers,door-to-doorcampaigningandleafletsaselectoralcampaigns◎peoplevoteonelectiondayintheirlocalpollingstation;countingbeginsattheendofthedayandtheresultcomesouttheearlymorningofthenextday.ExercisesonPage41-Page42