256200712StudiesinScienceofScienceVol.25No.6Dec.2007:1003-2053(2007)06-1129-07301,2(1.,310018;2.,310058):,,,,30:;;:F127:A:2007-03-16;:2007-06-04:(06CGGL44YBX);(20060607):(1972-),,,,,(1966-),,,,,[1],,,[2]30,30%-40%,90,[3],200020,000,8,000,250,,,,30,,,,1,[4],,,[5],,,Au2dretschEvans1000[6];Reynolds[7];LundstrÊmSteven2son[5];Au2dretschThurik[2]Gart2nerShane[4],[8],,,,Mnter(entrepreneurshipindex)©1994-2009ChinaAcademicJournalElectronicPublishingHouse.Allrightsreserved.[9]LernerAvrahami[10]Reynolds42[11],,,(Independent/Individualentrepreneurship(IE)),1,,:,,,,,,,,,(typology)1AudretschEvans(1994)1000AudretschThurik(2001)Reynoldsetal(2001)12LernerandAvrahami(1999)10001210003Verheulelal(2001)LundstrÊmStevenson(2001)Mnter(2004)60%GartnerShane(1995)1000(2004)199922.1,,:,,:,[12],2.2,,[13],,MillerFriesen,:[14],[15][16]Gartner,[17][18],GuthGinbergZahra[19][20];AtoncicHisrich/0311©1994-2009ChinaAcademicJournalElectronicPublishingHouse.Allrightsreserved.[21],[22]StevensonJarillo,,[23]ShaneVenkatarman,,[24],,(),,2.3MorrisSexton,;[25]MorrisSexton,,,,,MorrisSexton,2,216(3)23----------------33.1,30,4:,,,4,,,1999-2004,,1311©1994-2009ChinaAcademicJournalElectronicPublishingHouse.Allrightsreserved.:H2:H3:H4:H5:H6:H7:R&DH8:3.2,302004,/();();20042005;R&D(),:xij=(xij-xj)sji=1,2,,30,j=1,2,,123.3,KMO(5),KMO0.717,(Bartletts)x20.000,86.094%(6)5KMOBartlettsKMO.ChidfSig.718182.58328.0006%%%%14.61957.74357.7432.85635.69635.69621.26615.82973.5732.36129.51865.21331.00212.52286.0941.67020.88186.0944.5036.28792.3815.2673.34295.7226.1892.36798.0907.1021.27099.35985.128E202.641100.000ExtractionMethod:PrincipalComponentAnalysis.2311©1994-2009ChinaAcademicJournalElectronicPublishingHouse.Allrightsreserved.:PrincipalComponentAnalysis.RotationMethod:VarimaxwithKaiserNormalization.a.Rotationconvergedin5iterations.,,(7),1H4H5H8,(TF1);2H1H2H3,(TF2);3H6H7,(TF3)3.4,TTF:TIT=3i=1TFi3ai:ai,8SPSS11.0303TF1TF2TF3,9,,30781.060.900.580.490.370.320.25-0.01-0.05-0.0612345678910912345670.9340.2761.893-.6751.851-0.954-0.4032.5871.6790.227-1.236-1.3821.816-0.3090.2312.111-0.2782.949.9740.847-0.343:7,(3-),,(0.231),,:7,(3-),(0.276),,,(),,:,(1.893),,(3311©1994-2009ChinaAcademicJournalElectronicPublishingHouse.Allrightsreserved.),(3-),,,,,(6),(04),,,:7,(2.949),(3-),,,,(21):7,(1.851),3-,(),,(-1.382),(200417),,,,,:7,,(3-),,,:67,,(3-),4,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,;1999-2004(),,;4311©1994-2009ChinaAcademicJournalElectronicPublishingHouse.Allrightsreserved.:[1],,.[J]..2005,(8):87-93.[2]AudretschD,ThurikAR.Linkingentrepreneurshipandgrowth[R].STIWorkingPapers2001,DirectorateforScience,TechnologyandIndustry,OECD,Paris,2001,May.[3]SuzukiK,KimSH,BaZT.Entrepreneurshipinjapanandsiliconvalley:acomparativestudy[J].Technova2tion.2002,22(10):595-606.[4]GartnerWB,ShaneSA.Measuringentrepreneurshipovertime[J].JournalofBusinessVenturing.1995,10(4):283-301.[5]LundstrÊmA,StevensonL.Entrepreneurshippolicyinthefuture[A].Volume1oftheEntrepreneurshipintheFutureSeries[C].SwedishFoundationforSmallBusi2nessResearch.2001.[6]AudretschDB,EvansDS.Thedeterminantsofvaria2tionintheself-employmentratesacrosscountriesandovertime[C].Mimeo(fourthdraft),1994.[7]ReynoldsPD.NationalpanelstudyofU.S.businessstartups:backgroundandmethodology[J].AdvancesinEntrepreneurship,FirmEmergenceandGrowth,2000,4:153-227.[8],,.[J].,2004,(3):17-30.[9]MnterC.Entrepreneurshipindex2004-entrepreneur2shipconditionsindenmark.december2004[R].Na2tionalAgencyforEnterpriseandConstruction.[10]LernerDM,AvrahamiY.Globalentrepreneurshipmo2nitor-1999Israelexecutivereport[R].TheIsraelIn2stituteofBusinessResearch,1999.[11]ReynoldsPD,CampSM,BygraveWD,AutioE,HayM.Globalentrepreneurshipmonitor-2001SummaryReport[R].LondonBusinessSchoolandBabsonCol2lege,2001.[12]JospersF.Theorganizationalformofverticalrelationash2ip:dimensionsofintegration[J].IndustrialMarketingManagement.2006,35:819-828.[13]HindleK,RushworthS.Entrepreneurship-apolicyprimer[R].OECDEntrepreneurshipBriefingPaper,2002.[14]MillerD,FriesenPH.Innovationinconservativeandentrepreneurialfirms:twomodelsofstrategicmomentum[J].StrategicManagementJournal,1982,3(1):1-25.[15]CovinJG,SlevinDP.Aconceptualmodelofentrepre2neurialasfirmbehavior[J].EntrepreneurshipTheoryandPractice,1991,16(1):7-25.[16]LumpkinGT,DessGG.Clarifyingtheentrepreneurialorientationconstructandlinkingittofirmperformance[J].AcademyofManagementReview,1996,21(1):135-172.[17]GartnerWB.Whoisanentrepreneur?isthewrongquestion[J].EntrepreneurshipTheoryandPractice,Summer1989,47-68.[18]GartnerWB.BirdBJ,StarJA.Actingasif:differen2tiatingentrepreneurialfromorganizationalbehavior[J].EntrepreneurshipTheoryandPractice,Spring1992,13-31.[19]GuthWD,GinsbergA.Guesteditorsintroduction:corporateentrepreneurship[J].StrategicManagementJournal,19