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状语从句-Adverbialclause适用学科初中英语适用年级初中三年级适用区域江苏课时时长（分钟）120知识点状语从句学习目标掌握时间、原因、条件、目的、结果状语从句学习重点掌握时间、原因、条件、目的、结果状语从句学习难点时间状语从句when/while/as辨析原因状语从句because,since,as辨析学习过程一、复习预习1、在句中作状语用的从句叫状语从句，状语从句可修饰谓语，非谓语动词、定语、状语或整个句子。状语从句可以在句首，也可在句中或句末。2、引导状语从句的一般为连词，也可有词组。3、状语从句按用途可有时间、原因、条件、让步、目的、结果、方式、地点、比较等九种。4、状语从句中的将来时，一般不用将来时。（一般将来时用一般现在时、将来完成时用现在完成时、过去将来时用一般过去时、过去将来完成时用过去完成时表示。)*掌握引导不同状语从句的常用连接词和特殊的连接词即考点。时间状语从句关联词as/when/while;after;before;since;till/until;whenever;nosooner…than/hardly…when;scarcely…when副词immediately名词短语Themoment;theminute;thesecond;each(every)time;theday(year);nexttime;thefirst(second/last)time;bythetime;条件状语从句if;unless;as(so)longas原因状语从句because;as;since;now(that)结果状语从句so(such)…that….目的状语从句sothat;inorderthat让步状语从句though;although;as;however;nomatter….;疑问词+ever比较状语从句than;as(so)….as;themore….themore地点状语从句Where,wherever二、知识讲解考点1——时间状语从句常用引导词:when，as，while，as，soonas，while，before，after，since，till，until特殊引导词:theminute,themoment,theday,immediately,nosooner…than,hardly…when,scarcely…when1)when,while,as的区别：①三者均可表示“当……的时候”,如果主句表示的是短暂的动作,而从句表示的是一段时间,三者可通用。②as和when都可与终止性动词连用,while只能与延续性动词连用。如：Itwassnowing____wegottotheairport．当我们到达机场时,天正下着雪。（不能用while）③as强调主句与从句表示的动作同时发生;while强调主句表示的动作持续于while所指的整个时间内;when可指主、从句所述动作同时或先后发生。如:Hesangashewentalong.他边走边唱.Pleasewrite____Iread.我读的时候,请写下来。____hereachedhome,hehadalittlerest.回到家后,他休息了一会儿。Wheneverwemetwithdifficulties,theycametohelpus.IgotintouchwithhimimmediatelyIreceivedhisletter.Mysistercamedirectlyshegotmymessage.EverytimeIcatchacold,Ihavepaininmyback.如果把nosooner,hardly,scarcely,barely置于句首，它所连带的这部分要倒装，如：Nosoonerhadsheheardthenewsthanshefainted.(Shehadnosoonerheardthenewsthanshefainted.)考点2——条件状语从句常用引导词:if,unless，(ifnot)特殊引导词:as/solongas，onconditionthat①We’llstartourproject___thepresidentagrees.②Youwillcertainlysucceed__________youkeepontrying.要点:引导条件状语从句的连词有if(如果)、unless(除非)等,unless在意义上相当于if…．not。条件状语从句也像时间状语从句一样，如果主句用将来时,从句要用现在时代替将来时。如：Youwillfail____youstudyhard．(＝Youwillfailifyoudon'tstudyhard．)除非你努力学习,否则你会失败。注意：有时可以把祈使句作为条件从句，祈使句后面要搭配and，如：Cometomorrow,andIwilltellyou./Persevereandyouwillsucceed.Givehimaninchandhe’lltakeamile.(=Ifyougivehimaninch,he’lltakeamile.)但：当表示否定的条件时，可用连词or或otherwise，如：Makeupyourmind,oryou’llmissthechance.Startatonce,or/otherwiseyou’llmissthetrain.(=Ifyoudon’tstartatonce,…)(=Unlessyoustartatonce,you’llmissthetrain.)考点3——原因状语从句(1)常用引导词:because,since,as,nowthat(2)because,since,as,for用法比较：一）.because:语气最强，回答why引导的疑问句，该从句一般位于主句后，所表示的是直接理由，因果关系不能同so连用。Whyareyoulate?Becausethereisatrafficjam.—Whycan'tIgo?为什么我不能去?—____you'retooyoung.因为你年纪太小了。二）.since:“既然…..”表对方已知的事实或理由，从句常放在句首。since比as正式。Sinceyouhavegotenoughmoneywithyounow,youcancomeandbuyitnexttime.三）.as:“由于….”语气较弱较口语化，表明显的原因或已知的事实，从句常放在句首。Ashehadbeenreadyfortheworst,hewasnotdisappointedattheresult.____youarenotfeelingwell，you'dbetterstayathome．既然你不太舒服，还是留在家里的好四）.for是一个等立连词，连接的是两个并列的分句，其他三个引导的是状语从句；for不能放在句首。Itmusthaverainedlastnight,forthegroundiswet.考点4——目的状语从句常用引导词:sothat，inorderthat引导目的状语从句时，从句中常有can,could,may,might,would①Thebossaskedthesecretarytohurryupwiththeletters__________hecouldsignthem.②Theteacherraisedhisvoice_______________thestudentsinthebackcouldhearmoreclearly.考点5——结果状语从句常用引导词:so…that，such…that1.so…that和such…that引导的结果状语从句,意为“如此..以至于”,用来补充说明主句动作发生所带来的结果TheboyissoyoungthathecannotgotoschoolItissuchniceweatherthatiwouldliketogotothebeach2.so…that中so是副词，用来修饰形容词或副词：so+形容词/副词/分词+that引导结果状语从句Hestudiedsohardthathemadegreatprogresssuch…that中such是限定词，只能修饰名词和名词词组，such+(形容词)+名词+that引导结果状语从句Mikeissuchanhonestmanthatweallbelieve3.(1)主+谓+so+adj./adv+that从句.(2)主+谓+so+adj+a(n)+单数名词+that从句.主+谓+such+a(n)+adj.+单数名词+that从句.It’ssuchafinedaythatweallwanttogoouting.=It’ssofineadaythatweallwanttogoouting.（3）主+谓+so+many/much/few/little(少)+名词+that从句eg.if修饰名词的形容词为many,few,much,little时，前面则用so，例如：比较：somany/fewflowers→suchniceflowerssomuch/littlemoney→suchrapidprogresssomanypeople→suchalotofpeople（5）主+谓+such+adj.+复数名词+that从句eg.（6）主+谓+such+adj.+不可数名词+that从句eg.Hegotup___earlythathecaughtthefirstbus.他起得很早，赶上了第一班车It’s____agoodchancethatwemustnotmissit.机会很难得，我们一定不能错过Hespoke___fastthatIcouldn'tfollowhim．他讲得太快，我跟不上。Hetoldus____funnystoriesthatwealllaughed．他给我们讲了那么多有趣的故事，我们全都哈哈大笑。考点6——让步状语从句（1）常用引导词:though，although，evenif/eventhough特殊引导词：nomatterwho/what/when/where/which/how(whoever,whatever,whenever,wherever,whichever,however)①_____it’shardwork,Ienjoyit．尽管这工作很辛苦,我还是很喜欢。②_________howhardtheworkwas，henevergaveitup．不管工作多么艰难,他都从不放弃。（2）whoever,whatever,whichever还可引导名词从句。而nomatterwho/what/which只能引导让步状语从句Hedidn’twanttobedisturbed,nomatterwhowantedtoseehim.=Hedidn’twanttobedisturbed,whoeverwantedtoseehim.I’llgivethebookstowhoeverneedsthem.考点7——地点状语从句常用引导词:where特殊引导词:wherever(nomatterwhere),anywhere,everywhere①Airwillbeheavilypollutedwheretherearefactories.②Whereveryougo,youshouldworkhard.Wherethereisawill,thereisaway.________________________.Whereveryougo,Igotoo．无论你去哪里,我都去。WhereIlivethereareplentyoftrees.我住的地方树很多。WhereverIamIwillbethinkingofyou.不管我在哪里我都会想到你。四、课堂运用1.—Mikewantstoknowif___apicnictomorrow．—Yes.Butifit___,we'llvisit