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第四章动词和时态第二节一般现在时知识梳理一、一般现在时的用法一般现在时表示经常性、规律性或习惯性的动作或状态。含有always,often,usually,sometimes,seldom,never,every+时间词等时间状语的句子要用一般现在时。如果句子中的主语是第一、第二人称或其他复数形式的名词，动词用原形；如果主语是第三人称单数形式或其他表示单数概念的名词，动词用第三人称单数形式。如：Wefinishourhomeworkontimeathomeeveryday.Healwaysgoestoschoolatabout7:00inthemorning.二、动词第三人称单数形式的变化规则1.一般情况下，直接在动词词尾加s。如：read—reads,play—plays2.以s,x,o,sh,ch结尾的动词，在词尾加es。如：go—goes，wash—washes3.以辅音字母加y结尾的动词，把y改为i再加es。如：study—studies，fly—flies4.特殊形式：have—has，be—is三、一般现在时的句型结构1.含有be动词的句子(1)肯定句：主语+be动词+其他.如：I'm14yearsoldthisyear.(2)否定句：主语+be动词+not+其他.如：IamnotinGrade4thisyear.(3)一般疑问句：Be+主语+其他？如：AreyoufromAmerica?2.含有第三人称单数形式实义动词的句子(1)肯定句：主语+实义动词的三单形式+其他.如：MikeplayscomputergameseverySaturdayafternoon.(2)否定句：主语+doesnot(doesn't)+实义动词（原形）+其他.如：Mikedoesn'tplaycomputergameseverySaturdayafternoon.(3)一般疑问句：Does+主语+实义动词（原形）+其他？如：DoesMikeplaycomputergameseverySaturdayafternoon?3.含有原形实义动词的句子(1)肯定句：主语+实义动词（原形）+其他.如：WestudyinNo.1PrimarySchool.(2)否定句：主语+donot(don't)+实义动词（原形）+其他.如：Wedonot(don't)studyinNo.1PrimarySchool.(3)一般疑问句：Do+主语+实义动词（原形）+其他？如：DoyoustudyinNo.1PrimarySchool?考点精析考点1考查一般现在时的动词形式【例1】用所给动词的适当形式填空。1.He___________(get)upat7o'clockeveryday.2.Whattime_______he______hishomework?(do)3.Thesun_____________(go)downtothewest.解析:本题考查正确填写动词的形式。在做这类题的时候，要先判断句子的时态。第1、2小题分别体现经常性和习惯性，应该用一般现在时，而he是第三人称，故动词要用三单形式，助动词用does;第3小题太阳西下是自然规律，用一般现在时。答案：1.gets2.does；do3.goes举一反三1.写出下列动词的第三人称单数形式。(1)become_________(2)shine_________(3)fly_________(4)teach_________(5)study_________(6)have_________2.用所给单词的适当形式填空。(1)Heoften_______(have)dinnerathome.(2)Theboyalways_________(teach)hissistermathsafterdinner.(3)We_____________(notwatch)TVonMondays.(4)Mikeandhisfathersometimes_______(read)newspaperstogether.(5)Jack___________(notride)abiketoschoolonFridays.becomesshinesfliesteachesstudieshashasteachesdon'twatchreaddoesn'tride考点2考查有关一般现在时句子的句型转换【例2】按要求改写下列句子。1.LucyandLilyusuallygohometogether.(改为否定句)________________________________________2.MikeoftenreadsEnglishinthemorning.(改为一般疑问句)________________________________________3．Wegoswimminginsummer.(就画线部分提问)________________________________________解析:本题三个句子都是一般现在时，在变否定句或一般疑问句的时候，我们要考虑借助助动词do或does。第1小题主语LucyandLily是复数名词，否定句加don't,要注意的是usually在否定句中要置于助动词之后，实义动词之前，或者也可以用否定词never来整句改写；第2小题Mike是第三人称的主语，要用Does开头，其后的动词要用原形；第3小题中的goswimming是动词词组，也就是“做什么”的问题，用“What…do”的形式提问,同时注意we要改成you。答案：1.LucyandLilydon'tusuallygohometogether./LucyandLilynevergohometogether.2．DoesMikeoftenreadEnglishinthemorning?3.Whatdoyoudoinsummer?举一反三按要求改写下列句子。1.Doyoulikeplayingbasketball?(作肯定回答)_____________________________________2.Mybrotherhasmanybooks.(改为否定句)_____________________________________3.Helivesinthevillagenearthemountain.(改为一般疑问句)_____________________________________4.NancycomesfromtheUSA.(就画线部分提问)_____________________________________Yes，Ido.WheredoesNancycomefrom？Doesheliveinthevillagenearthemountain？Mybrotherdoesn'thavemanybooks.过关检测一、写出下列动词的第三人称单数形式。1.sit______2.swim______3.go______4.make______5.run______6.write______7.cry______8.study_______9.watch_______10.wash______11.say_____12.play______sitsswimsgoesmakesrunswritescriesstudieswatcheswashessaysplays二、单项填空。()1.He____toschoolfromMondaytoFriday.A.goB.goesC.going()2.Theearth____aroundthesun.A.movingB.movesC.moved()3.MissLi____music.A.teachesourB.teachesusC.teachour()4.____Linda____backatseveneveryday?A.Is；comingB.Does；comesC.Does；comeBBBC()5.Lilydoesn't____amusiclessonintheafternoon.A.haveB.hasC.having()6.BothTonyandPeter____inClassOne.A.isB.doC.are()7.What____yourmotheroften____onSundays?A.is;doingB.does;doC.do;does()8.I____applesandshe____pears.A.like;likeB.like;likesC.likes;likesACBB三、用所给单词的适当形式填空。1.Myfather_____(be)athometoday.2.JaneandJoe_____(be)students.They_____(be)intheparknow.3._____(be)youabusdriver?4.Weoften_____(play)ontheplayground.5.He_____(get)upatsixo'clockeveryday.6._____(do)you_____(brush)yourteetheverymorning?isareareAreplaygetsDobrush7.What_____heusually_____afterschool?(do)8.Danny_______(study)English,Chinese,maths,scienceandartatschool.9.Mikesometimes_____(go)totheparkwithhissister.doesdostudiesgoes10._____(do)Mike_____(read)Englisheveryday?11.Howmanylessons_____(do)yourclassmates_____(have)onMonday?12.Whattime_____hismother_____thehousework?(do)Doesreaddohavedoesdo四、按要求改写下列句子。1.Doyouoftenplayfootballafterschool?(作肯定回答)__________________________________________2.Ihavesomebooks.(改为否定句)__________________________________________3.Alice'ssisterlikesplayingtabletennis.(改为否定句)___________________________________________Yes,I/wedo.Idon'thaveanybooks.Alice'ssisterdoesn'tlikeplayingtabletennis.4.IwatchTVeveryday.(改为一般疑问句)__________________________________________5.MyunclelivesinShanghainow.(改为一般疑问句)__________________________________________6.Tomdoeshishomeworkathome.(改为否定句)__________________________________________7.IusuallyplayfootballonFridayafternoons.(就画线部分提问)___________________________________________DoyouwatchTVeveryday?DoesyouruncleliveinShanghainow?Tomdoesn'tdohishomeworkathome.Whatdoyou(usually)doonFridayafternoons?五、根据答句写出问句。1.—_________________________