名词性从句讲解

在句子中起名词作用的句子叫名词性从句(NounClauses）。名词性从句的功能相当于名词词组,它在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语、介词宾语等，因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能，名词性从句又可分别称为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。名词性从句在功能上相当于名词Hisjobisimportant.Whathedoesisimportant.SubjectThisishisjob.Thisiswhathedoeseveryday.{{predicativeIdon’tlikehisjob.Idon’tlikewhathedoeseveryday.{objectIamyourEnglishteacher,MissWang.EveryoneknowsthefactthatIamyourEnglishteacher.{apposition在复合句中起名词作用的从句叫名词从句(NounClauses）。名词从句的功能相当于名词词组,它在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语，因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能，名词从句又可分别称为主语从句(subjectclause)、宾语从句(objectclause)、表语从句(predicativeclause)和同位语从句(appositiveclause)。名词从句Practice:1.______thebabycouldspeakmadehisparentsveryhappy.A.ThatB.WhatC.WhyD.If2.Iwonder____youwillgoshoppingorstayathome.A.thatB.ifC.whetherD.what3.Thisis_____hewasoftenlateforschool.A.whatB.thatC.whyD.whether4.Weallknowthetruth____theearth____aroundthesun.A.if;movedB.that;movesC.why;moveD.whether;moveACCBsubjectclauseobjectclausePredicativeclauseappositiveclauseTrytofindthenounclausesintheReadingsectiononpage2andtellthefunctions.1.Atlunchtime,theradioweathermanreportedthatthemistwouldbecomeathickfogintheafternoon.2.Shewonderedifthebuseswouldstillberunning.3.Thetruthisthatthefogistoothickforthebustorunthatfar.4.Shesensedthatshewasbeingwatchedbyatallmaninadarkcoat.ObjectclauseObjectclausePredicativeclauseObjectclauseP9:Underlineallthenounclausesyoucanfind.Figureouthefunctionof“it”Itisreportedthathewantedtohavearest.Itisnecessarythatyoushouldworkhard.Wemadeitclearthateveryoneshoulddotheirhomeworkeveryday.Weallthoughtitgoodnewsthatthefoghadfinallygone.名词性从句考点归纳一、名词性从句的连接词（connectingwords)a.that(不充当从句的任何成分）Thatlighttravelsinstraightlinesisknowntoall.Shesensedthatshewasbeingwatched.Thetruthisthatthefogistoothickforthebustorunthatfar.ThefactthatPollydidn’taskfortheman’snameisapity.引导词that的省略that可省略的情况：单个宾语从句中的that可省略that不可省略的情况：a.主语从句b.表语从句c.同位语从句d.用it做形式宾语的宾语从句e.并列的宾语从句中的后几个从句的引导词that不能省略that/(that)1.Idon’tthink________sheiscoming.2.Itisapity________hehasmadesuchamistake.3.Thereasonis_________heiscareless.4.Thenews________ourteamwonthematchinspiredus.5.Idon’tthinkitnecessary_________youshouldreadEnglishaloud.6.Hetoldme__________hisfatherhaddiedand__________hehadtomakealivingalone.(that)thatthatthatthat(that)thatb.wh-(how)wordsWhytheyhavenotleftyetisunclear.Pollydidn’tknowwhichwayshewouldgo.TheproblemishowPollyisgoingtofindusinthecrowd.Thisisaquestionwhosebookitis.连接代词和副词的选用主要根据名词性从句中的具体意义连接代词：what,whatever,who,whoever,whom,whose,which连接副词：when,where,how,why这些连接词不仅起到连接作用，同时也是从句的一个组成部分。我们何时举行运动会还没有决定。________weshallholdoursportsmeetingisnotdecided.我不知道昨天谁打破了玻璃。Idon’tknow_________broketheglassyesterday.我不知道他长的什么样子。Ihavenoidea_________helookslike.这就是我忘记眼镜的地方。Thisis_________Ileftmyglasses.Whenwhowhatwherec.if/whether(不充当从句的任何成分）1.Iaskedherif/whethershehadabike.2.Whetherwewillholdapartyintheopenairtomorrowdependsontheweather.3.Thequestioniswhetherheshoulddoit.4.Thedoctorcanhardlyanswerthequestionwhethertheoldmanwillrecoversoon.5.We’reworriedaboutwhetherheissafe.6.WediscussedwhetherweshouldclosetheshoponSunday.7.Idon’tknowwhethertogo.8.Idon’tknowwhetherornotheiswell.if和whether的选用不能使用if的情况：a.主语从句b.表语从句c.同位语从句e.介词后的宾语从句f.动词discuss引导的宾语从句g.whethertodo做动词宾语不能用iftodo.h.whetherornot连在一起引导宾语从句时不用if.1.Theweatherwillnotclearupuntilnextweek.Itisbadnewsforus.→Itisbadnewsforusthattheweatherwillnotclearupuntilnextweek.2.Doanimalshavethesamesensesashumans.Ioftenwonder.→Ioftenwonderwhetheranimalshavethesamesensesashumans.3.I’msurethatheishonest.I’mnotsurewhether/ifheishonest.Idoubt_____________heishonest.Ihavenodoubt___________heishonest.whether/ifthat4.Nooneknowswhether/ifitwillbefinetomorrowandwhether/ifhewillcometowork.hesaidthathelikedrainandthathewouldn’tuseanumbrellawhenitwasraining.that与whether/if的用法区别1.whether(if)表示“是否”，而that却不表示任何意义。2.that表示一种肯定、明确的概念，而whether(if)则表示一种不肯定、不明确的概念。3.当that/if/whether引导的名词性从句是由and或but连接的两个并列分句时，则在and或but后还需要用that/if/whether引导，不可省略。二、名词性从句中使用陈述句语序他是怎么成功的仍然是个谜。Howwashesuccessfulisstillapuzzle.()Howhewassuccessfulisstillapuzzle.()你能告诉我他住在什么地方吗？Couldyoutellmewherehelives?()Couldyoutellmewheredoeshelive?()WRRwHomework:1.P92C1&C22.kkl:Period5grammar(1)Period10:close&readingcomprehensionthat和what的选用that和what都可引导所有的名词从句。但是，what除起连接作用外，还在名词性从句中充当成分，可做从句的主语、宾语、或表语。而that在名词性从句中不充当任何成分，只起连接作用。that/what1.______hewantsisabook.2.______hewantstogothereisobvious.3.Theresultis______wewonthegame.4.Thisis_____wewanttoknow.5.Is_____hetoldustrue?6.Weshouldpayattentionto______theteacherissaying.7.Ihavenodoubt_____hewillcome.8.Ihavenoidea_____hedidthatafternoon.WhatThatthatwhatwhatwhatthatwhat三、同位语从句的引导和辨别1.同位语从句的格式：n.+连接词+从句2.能接同位语从句的名词有：fact、idea,news,information,order,belief,suggestion,advice等抽象名词。3.连接词通常是that,也可根据含义选用whether,what,when,where等来引导同位语从句。1.Ihavenoidea_________hecomesfrom.2.Hecan’tanswerthequestion________hegotthemoney.3.Hegaveusmanysuggestions________weshouldgetupearlierandtakemoreexercise.4.Ihavenodoubt________hewillwin.5.Ihavesomedoubt________hewillwin.that/whether/where/howwherehowthatthatwhether同位语从句和定语从句的区别1.定语从句是先行词的修饰语，它不涉及先行词的具体内容。定语从句中that不但