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专题复习：定语从句在复合句（compoundsentences)中，修饰名词或代词的从句叫做“定语从句”(AttributiveClause)。被定语从句修饰的名词或代词叫做先行词(antecedent)。定语从句放在先行词的后面，由关系代词(relativepronoun)或关系副词(relativeadverb)引导。关系代词或关系副词放在先行词和定语从句之间，既起连接作用，同时又是定语从句的一个成分。一、which/that的用法二、who/whom/whose的用法三、which/that的特殊情况【例句】A、Chinaisacountrythathasabout5000yearsofhistory.B、Theman(that)wehelpedjustnowisLinTao’sfather.C、It’sMountwhich)heboughtyesterdayisblue.E、ThisistheroominwhichTaiwhichliesinShandongProvince.D、Thecoat(Ilivedlastyear.F、Thisistheroom(that/which)Ilivedinlastyear.2.从例句C和D可知：which指_____不指____，在从句中作_____或宾语。作主语时，which不可省略，作宾语时，which_____（可以/不可）省略。3.从例句E可知：当指物的关系代词在介词后作介词宾语时，只能用____且不能省略。从例句F可知：当介词不在关系代词前面时，可以用that/which，它们_____（可以/不可）省略。【结论一】1.从例句A和B可知：that既可指物，也可指____，在从句中做主语或_____。作主语时，that不可以省略，作宾语时，that____（可以/不可以）省略。人宾语可以物人主语可以which可以【运用】Ⅰ、请分析下列含有定语从句的复合句。1.BeijingOperathathasaround200yearsofhistoryisournationalopera.先行词是____________；关系代词是_____，指____（人/物），在从句中作_____。2.Theman(that)wetalkedwithjustnowisafamousplayer.先行词是_______，关系代词是____，指___（人/物），在从句中作_____。3.TheriverwhichrunsthroughthecityisbeautifulsightinTaiyuan.先行词是_______，关系代词是____，指___（人/物），在从句中作_____。4.Thedictionary(which)Iputonthedeskjustnowisyours.先行词是______________，关系代词是____，指___（人/物），在从句中作_____。thathasaround200yearsofhistoryBeijingOperathat物主语(that)wetalkedwithjustnowThemanthat人宾语whichrunsthroughthecityTheriverwhich物主语(which)IputonthedeskjustnowThedictionarywhich物宾语Jointhefollowingsentences:Aplaneisamachine.Themachinecanfly.Aplaneiscanfly.关系代词的实质themachineamachineAplaneiscanfly.amachinethat/whichⅡ.请将下列句子成含定语从句的复合句。1.Aplaneisamachine.Themachinecanfly.__________________________________________2.Theboywaslost.Youpunishedtheboyyesterday.____________________________________________3.Thefactoryisinthesouthofthecity.Hisfatherworksinthefactory.__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________4.Thesearethepictures.Thepictureswereboughtfromthewesterncountries._______________________________________________________________Aplaneisamachinewhich/thatcanfly.Theboy(that)youpunishedyesterdaywaslost.Thefactory(that/which)hisfatherworksinisinthesouthofthecity.Hisfatherworksinthefactorywhich/thatisinthesouthofthecity.Thesearethepicturesthat/whichwereboughtfromthewesterncountries.who,whomandwhose【例句】A.Doyouknowthemanwhoistalkingtotheteacher?B.Theboy(who/whom)yousawismybrother.C.Thisisthegirltowhomhetalkedgirltowhomheyesterday.D.Helikesthehousewhosewindowsfacesouth.E.IvisitedascientistwhosenameisHenry.【结论】1.从例句A和B可知：关系代词who，只可指____，在从句中作主语（口语也可作宾语），作主语时_____（可以/不可）省略，作宾语时_____（可以/不可）省略。2.从例句B和C可知：关系代词whom，只可指___，在从句中一般用作宾语，口语中可省略。在从句中，如果关系代词在介词后面作宾语时，只能用_____指人，且不能省略。3.从例句D和E可知：关系代词whose，既可指人，也可指物，在从句中用作___语____（可以/不可）省略。人不可可以人whom定不可【运用】Ⅰ、请分析下列含有定语从句的复合句。1.ThetallmanwhoisplayingbasketballisYiJianlian.先行词是___________；关系代词是_____，指____（人/物），在从句中作_____。2.That’stheman(who/whom)Imetinthetheateryesterday.先行词是_______；关系代词是________，指____（人/物），在从句中作_____。3.Thegirlwhoseparentsarescientistsgotthefirstplaceinthecompetition.先行词是_______；关系代词是_____，指______（人/物），在从句中作_____。4.SheistheownerofthehousewhosewindowwasbrokenbyLiLei.先行词是_______；关系代词是_____，指______（人/物），在从句中作_____。whoisplayingbasketballThetallmanwho人主语(who/whom)Imetinthetheateryesterdaythemanwho/whom人宾语whoseparentsarescientistsThegirlwhose某人的定语whosewindowwasbrokenbyLiLeithehousewhose某物的定语关系代词的实质Jointhefollowingsentences:TheladyisGreen.Wesawheryesterday.herTheladywesawyesterdayisGreenWho/thatⅡ、请将下列句子改写成含有定语从句的复合句。1.Iknowthatman.Heisstandingoutsidethedoor.__________________________________________2.Thedoctorisveryfamous.IwenttoShanghaiwiththedoctorlastweek.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________3.Thehouseisveryexpensive.Itswindowsfacethesea.________________________________________________4.Theboyisgoodatsinging.Hisfatherisasinger.____________________________________________Iknowthatmanwhoisstandingoutsidethedoor.ThedoctorwithwhomIwenttoShanghailastweekisveryfamous.IwenttoShanghailastweekwiththedoctorwhoisveryfamous.Thehousewhosewindowsfacetheseaisveryexpensive.Theboywhosefatherisasingerisgoodatsinging.Ⅲ、请从各题后所给的选项中选出最佳选项。()1.Thestudent____answeredthequestionisZhangHua.A.whoseB.whoC.whichD.whom()2.Theboy____motherisourEnglishteacherisgoodatoralEnglish.A.whichB.thatC.whoseD.who()3.Doyouknowthegirlto___Mikeiswritingaletter?A.whoB.whoseC.whichD.whom()4.Weallknowthatboy___yourbrotherisplaying.A.withwhoB.whomC.withwhomD.who指人指物主语宾语thatwhichwhowhom关系代词的用法√√√√√√√√√√√√××××关系代词在从句中可以：何时可以省略？做宾语时可以省略1.如果先行词是表示时间的名词，且关系词在从句中作时间状语，用关系副词_____引导；如果关系词在从句中作其他成分，用关系代词that或which来引导。eg：I’llneverforgetthedays____IwasinBeijing.I’llneverforgetthedays________IspentinLondon.2.如果先行词是表示地点的名词，且关系词在从句中作地点状语，用关系副词_____引导；如果关系词在从句中作其他成分，用关系代词that或which来引导。eg：Thisisthehouse______Ilivedtenyearsago.Thisisthehouse__________Iboughttenyearsago.3.如果先行词是表示原因的名词，一般选用关系副词____。____在从句中作原因状语。eg:Wedon’tknowthereason_____theplanehasn’tarrivedyet.whenwherewhywhywhenthat/whichwhe