黄土高原的农业发展战略

184Vol.18No.4200012AgriculturalResearchintheAridAreasDec.2000(,712100):20,,,,,,:;;:S21:A:100027601(2000)0420001207,,,,,1973,198020,,1,,,,,,0.133hm2,,,6.3,70%,,,,,;50%,36%,95%,;,,,,,2030,70%,:2000206222:(1935-),,,©1994-2009ChinaAcademicJournalElectronicPublishingHouse.Allrightsreserved.(2.56),99hm2(),27.1hm2,275.89hm2,0.57hm2,0.073hm2,0.019hm2,0.2hm2,340hm2,,,338.1%;361.9%,1538.93%,83.38%,1518.33%TM(1990),,,106():27.224km2,12.191km2,44.78%;8.776km2,32.23%;()1.227km2,4.51%;3.27km2,2.90%;,50%,7%,20%,,,2.2,,,502.4kJöcm25861.5kJöcm2,2200h2500h,,,,0.5%,1ö3,030004000,1020003400120d200d,1016,,,,,,10200mm400mm(500mm),80%,,,,2.3,300mm500mm,,,1mm0.2kg,15%50%,7830%70%,5mm60%13%,25mm40%,,30mm120mm,150mm,,150mm15%,15%218©1994-2009ChinaAcademicJournalElectronicPublishingHouse.Allrightsreserved.(),(6)750m3,1100m3,350m3,()250m3,2700m3,69.4%,41%,13.3%,12.3%80%,,0.03hm20.04hm2(0.02hm20.027hm2)2.4,250,,,,,50km,,,,,,,25km,,,,,36(1697),300,,,,,20000tökm2,50cm1993:106(),252.9hm2,59.8%(),40.2%,15.5%842.2hm2,31.5%,91.2%,3805kg,35%,1200kg,38.8%,15.5%,,2.5,,30,20%30%,,,,80%90%,,,,1982,,1258.3%,,151928.7%,202440.3%33.1,34:©1994-2009ChinaAcademicJournalElectronicPublishingHouse.Allrightsreserved.:,,;,,,;,3.2,,,,:,;,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,3,:,1015:,,,,510:,,,3.3,,3.3.1,418©1994-2009ChinaAcademicJournalElectronicPublishingHouse.Allrightsreserved.()(),,,,,,,25,3.3.2,,,1mm0.05kg0.1kg,,,,,100mm,,,,1500kgöhm25250kgöhm2,,,3.3.3,,,6520cm,600cm,,100cm,100cm200cm,200cm400cm,400cm500cm0cm200cm,,163.0mm211.1mm,165.4mm178.8mm,,120cm200cm,,,,,;,,3.3.4,,,,,:;;;,:;;,44.1,,,2040,,0.5hm21hm2,1hm2,0.13hm20.17hm2,,,54:©1994-2009ChinaAcademicJournalElectronicPublishingHouse.Allrightsreserved.:(1),,;(2),,;(3),,;(4),,4.2:;;23;,;,,,;;;,;2040;,,,:,,,,,,,:;,,;;,;4.3,10,,,,,,,35,,:(1),,;(2),;(3),4.4,,,,,618©1994-2009ChinaAcademicJournalElectronicPublishingHouse.Allrightsreserved.(1),,,,,,(,)(2),,,1ö71ö10,,,,DevelopingstrategyofagricultureintheloessplateauLUZong2fan(InstituteofSoilandWaterConservation,ChineseAcademyofSciences,Yangling,Shaanxi712100,China)Abstract:BasedonthesurveydateandovertwentyyearspracticeincontrollinghillyandgullyareasintheloessplateauofNorthernShaanxi,thestrategicpositionoftheseareasandtheirfeaturesandagriculturalresourceswereexplained.Thenadevelopingstrategyofthree2typeagricultureanddirectionsforbuildingecologicalagriculturewithsoilandwaterconservationwereputforward.Fourmajormeasuresforrestoringvegetation,buildingcapitalfarmland,developingcashforestandraisinglive2stockswererecommended.Finallydiscussionweremadeandsuggestionsweregivenontheissueslikequittingfarmingforplantingtreesandgrasses,modelandspeedofcontrolling,promotingscienceandtechnologyandincreasinggovernmentinvestment.Keywords:loessplateau;agriculture;developingstrategy74:©1994-2009ChinaAcademicJournalElectronicPublishingHouse.Allrightsreserved.