2015中考英语语法专题复习 被动语态

被动语态什么叫被动语态？Iclosethedoor主谓宾isdbyme一、被动语态含义被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。将宾语变主语主语变宾语谓语变be+V.pp二、被动语态结构主+be+V.pp+(bysb.)EXERCISE1.许多树被种。Manytreesareplanted(bypeople).2.那首歌被唱了许多遍了。Thesongissungmanytimes(bypeople).八种时态下的被动语态三、被动语态的时态am/is/are+V.pp1）一般现在时2)一般过去时was/were+V.ppEg:那个杯子昨天被我打破了。Thatcupwasbrokenbyme.3)现在进行时am/is/arebeing+V.ppEg:这里一个新电影院正在被建。Anewcinemaisbeingbuilthere4)过去进行时was/werebeing+V.ppEg：昨晚八点一个会议正在被召开。Ameetingwasbeingheldat8o’clocklastnight.5)现在完成时has/havebeen+V.ppeg:工作已经被他们完成了。Theworkhasbeenfinishedbythem.6)过去完成时hadbeen+V.ppeg:截止去年底，一个新体育馆已经在北京被完成了。Bytheendoflastyear,anewgymhadbeencompletedinBeijing.7)一般将来时willbe+V.ppEg:如果工厂关闭，成百上千的工作将会被丢Hundredsofjobswillbelostifthefactorycloses.8）过去将来时should/wouldbe+V.ppEg:她说消息会被送给Tom。ShesaidthatthenewswouldbesenttoTom.9)情态动词的被动语态can/may/mustbe+V.ppEg:你的作业必须被完成。Yourhomeworkmustbefinished.四、句子种类主+系+表主+动主+动+宾主+动+双宾主+动+宾+宾补√√√1)主+动+双宾的被动Igiveyouabook.主动间接宾语直接宾语Youaregivenabook(byme).Abookisgiventoyou(byme).2)“主+动+宾+宾补”结构的被动语态，将宾语变为被动结构中的主语，其余不动.Theyturnedtheroomintoashop.Theroomwasturnedintoashop.主动宾宾补3）在使役动词have,make,get以及感官动词see,watch,notice,hear,feel等变为被动结构时，要加to.IsawastrangerwalkintothebuildingAstrangerwasseentowalkintothebuilding.4)有些动词词组用于被动结构，要把它们看作一个整体，不能分开。其中的介词或副词也不能省略。Thebabywaslookedaftercarefully.Shelookedafterthebabycarefully.课堂练习（一）改写句子1.Weplanttreesinspringeveryyear._________________byusinspringeveryyear.2.Shepostedtheletteryesterday.____________________byheryesterday.3.MrTurnergavemeabirthdaypresent._______________abirthdaypresentbyMrTurner.4.Heisdrawingapicture._______________________byhim.5.Youmayhandinyourhomeworktomorrow.______________________________byyoutomorrow.6.Sheisgoingtowritealetter.__________________________byher.TreesareplantedTheletterwaspostedIwasgivenApictureisbeingdrawnYourhomeworkmaybehandedinAletterisgoingtobewritten7.Ihavegivenyouthenewbook.__________________________toyou.8.Herbagcannotbefoundbyher._________________herbag.9.DoyouoftenhearhersingRussiansongs?_________________________Russiansongsbyyou?10.Shedoesn’tlethersonswimintheriver._______________________intheriverbyher.11.Thebridgewasbeingbuiltbythematthistimelastyear.__________________thebridgeatthistimelastyear.12.Doessheoftensingthesong?_____________________byher?ThenewbookhasbeengivenShecannotfindIssheoftenheardtosingHersonisn’tlettoswimTheywerebuildingIsthesongoftensung1.Ifcitynoises____fromincreasing，people____shouttobeheardevenatdinner．A．arenotkept；willhavetoB．arenotkept；haveC．donotkeep；willhavetoD．donotkeep；haveto2.Thefifthgenerationcomputers,____andperfectednow.A.developedB.havedevelopedC.arebeingdevelopedD.willhavebeendeveloped3.---____thesportsmeetmightbeputoff．---Yes，italldependsontheweather．A．I'vebeentoldB．I'vetoldC．I'mtoldD．ItoldACA4.Ineedonemorestampbeforemycollection___.A.hascompletedB.completesC.hasbeencompletedD.iscompleted5.Rainforests___andburnedatsuchaspeedthattheywilldisappearfromtheearthinthenearfuture.A.cutB.arecutC.arebeingcutD.hadbeencut6.Thenewbridge___bytheendoflastmonth.A.hasbeendesignedB.hadbeendesignedC.wasdesignedD.wouldbedesigned7.Whenpartofapencilisinaglassofwater,itlooksasifit____.A.breaksB.hasbrokenC.wasbrokenD.hadbeenbrokenDCBC8.Greatchanges___inthecity,andalotoffactories___.A.havebeentakenplace;havebeensetupB.havetakenplace;havebeensetupC.havetakenplace;havesetupD.weretakenplace;weresetup9.Thatsuit__over60dollars.A.hadcostedB.costedC.iscostedD.cost10.---Look!Everythinghereisunderconstruction.---What’stheprettysmallhousethat__for?A.isbeingbuiltB.hasbeenbuiltC.isbuiltD.isbuilding11.---Doyoulikethecloth?---Yes,it___verysoft.A.isfeelingB.feltC.feelsD.isfeltBDAC12.Itisdifficultforaforeigner____Chinese．A．writeB．towriteC．tobewrittenD．written13.Ihavenomoreletters____，thankyou．A．totypeB．typingC．tobetypedD．typed14.Takecare!Don’tdroptheinkonyourshirt,forit__easily.A.won’twashoutB.won’tbewashedoutC.isn’twashedoutD.isn’twashingout15.Nobodynoticedthethiefslipintothehousebecausethelightshappenedto___.A.beputupB.giveinC.beturnedonD.gooutBCAD16.Thecomputersonthetable___ProfessorSmith.A.belongsB.arebelongedtoC.belongstoD.belongto17.---Whatdoyouthinkofthebook?---Oh,excellent.It’sworth___asecondtime.A.toreadB.tobereadC.readingD.beingread18.Thesquirrelwasluckythatitjustmissed___.A.catchingB.tobecaughtC.beingcaughtD.tocatch19.Thispageneeded___again.A.beingcheckedB.checkedC.tocheckD.tobechecked20.___manytimes,theboystilldidn’tknowhowtodoit.A.HavingtaughtB.HavingbeentaughtC.taughtD.TeachingDCCDB