0Fe102030405060708090100Siatomicpercentsilicon6008001000120014001600temperature,°C0102030405060708090100weightpercentsilicon(γFe)(αFe)α1(Si)α2βηεζαζβL01.00.80.60.40.220040060080010001200BiSbBi2Te3PbTeSiGeCuNiFigureofMerit,ZTTemperature(K)0Fe102030405060708090100Siatomicpercentsilicon6008001000120014001600temperature,°C0102030405060708090100weightpercentsilicon(γFe)(αFe)α1(Si)α2βηεζαζβL01.00.80.60.40.220040060080010001200BiSbBi2Te3PbTeSiGeCuNiFigureofMerit,ZTTemperature(K)SEMScanningectronmicroscope0Fe102030405060708090100Siatomicpercentsilicon6008001000120014001600temperature,°C0102030405060708090100weightpercentsilicon(γFe)(αFe)α1(Si)α2βηεζαζβL01.00.80.60.40.220040060080010001200BiSbBi2Te3PbTeSiGeCuNiFigureofMerit,ZTTemperature(K)1X-Ray0Fe102030405060708090100Siatomicpercentsilicon6008001000120014001600temperature,°C0102030405060708090100weightpercentsilicon(γFe)(αFe)α1(Si)α2βηεζαζβL01.00.80.60.40.220040060080010001200BiSbBi2Te3PbTeSiGeCuNiFigureofMerit,ZTTemperature(K)2510nm0Fe102030405060708090100Siatomicpercentsilicon6008001000120014001600temperature,°C0102030405060708090100weightpercentsilicon(γFe)(αFe)α1(Si)α2βηεζαζβL01.00.80.60.40.220040060080010001200BiSbBi2Te3PbTeSiGeCuNiFigureofMerit,ZTTemperature(K)3()0Fe102030405060708090100Siatomicpercentsilicon6008001000120014001600temperature,°C0102030405060708090100weightpercentsilicon(γFe)(αFe)α1(Si)α2βηεζαζβL01.00.80.60.40.220040060080010001200BiSbBi2Te3PbTeSiGeCuNiFigureofMerit,ZTTemperature(K)4bsat0iiiii+++=();bisiaiti1η+δ+α+τ=0Fe102030405060708090100Siatomicpercentsilicon6008001000120014001600temperature,°C0102030405060708090100weightpercentsilicon(γFe)(αFe)α1(Si)α2βηεζαζβL01.00.80.60.40.220040060080010001200BiSbBi2Te3PbTeSiGeCuNiFigureofMerit,ZTTemperature(K)1η+δ+α+τ=bsat0iiiii+++=0Fe102030405060708090100Siatomicpercentsilicon6008001000120014001600temperature,°C0102030405060708090100weightpercentsilicon(γFe)(αFe)α1(Si)α2βηεζαζβL01.00.80.60.40.220040060080010001200BiSbBi2Te3PbTeSiGeCuNiFigureofMerit,ZTTemperature(K)5X)z(k1:2σ−=λ0Fe102030405060708090100Siatomicpercentsilicon6008001000120014001600temperature,°C0102030405060708090100weightpercentsilicon(γFe)(αFe)α1(Si)α2βηεζαζβL01.00.80.60.40.220040060080010001200BiSbBi2Te3PbTeSiGeCuNiFigureofMerit,ZTTemperature(K)60Fe102030405060708090100Siatomicpercentsilicon6008001000120014001600temperature,°C0102030405060708090100weightpercentsilicon(γFe)(αFe)α1(Si)α2βηεζαζβL01.00.80.60.40.220040060080010001200BiSbBi2Te3PbTeSiGeCuNiFigureofMerit,ZTTemperature(K)0Fe102030405060708090100Siatomicpercentsilicon6008001000120014001600temperature,°C0102030405060708090100weightpercentsilicon(γFe)(αFe)α1(Si)α2βηεζαζβL01.00.80.60.40.220040060080010001200BiSbBi2Te3PbTeSiGeCuNiFigureofMerit,ZTTemperature(K)12AcMAs=Ac0Fe102030405060708090100Siatomicpercentsilicon6008001000120014001600temperature,°C0102030405060708090100weightpercentsilicon(γFe)(αFe)α1(Si)α2βηεζαζβL01.00.80.60.40.220040060080010001200BiSbBi2Te3PbTeSiGeCuNiFigureofMerit,ZTTemperature(K)10Fe102030405060708090100Siatomicpercentsilicon6008001000120014001600temperature,°C0102030405060708090100weightpercentsilicon(γFe)(αFe)α1(Si)α2βηεζαζβL01.00.80.60.40.220040060080010001200BiSbBi2Te3PbTeSiGeCuNiFigureofMerit,ZTTemperature(K)10Fe102030405060708090100Siatomicpercentsilicon6008001000120014001600temperature,°C0102030405060708090100weightpercentsilicon(γFe)(αFe)α1(Si)α2βηεζαζβL01.00.80.60.40.220040060080010001200BiSbBi2Te3PbTeSiGeCuNiFigureofMerit,ZTTemperature(K)0Fe102030405060708090100Siatomicpercentsilicon6008001000120014001600temperature,°C0102030405060708090100weightpercentsilicon(γFe)(αFe)α1(Si)α2βηεζαζβL01.00.80.60.40.220040060080010001200BiSbBi2Te3PbTeSiGeCuNiFigureofMerit,ZTTemperature(K)0Fe102030405060708090100Siatomicpercentsilicon6008001000120014001600temperature,°C0102030405060708090100weightpercentsilicon(γFe)(αFe)α1(Si)α2βηεζαζβL01.00.80.60.40.220040060080010001200BiSbBi2Te3PbTeSiGeCuNiFigureofMerit,ZTTemperature(K)2dsinθ=λ0Fe102030405060708090100Siatomicpercentsilicon6008001000120014001600temperature,°C0102030405060708090100weightpercentsilicon(γFe)(αFe)α1(Si)α2βηεζαζβL01.00.80.60.40.220040060080010001200BiSbBi2Te3PbTeSiGeCuNiFigureofMerit,ZTTemperature(K)11L2Rsin=θ0Fe102030405060708090100Siatomicpercentsilicon6008001000120014001600temperature,°C0102030405060708090100weightpercentsilicon(γFe)(αFe)α1(Si)α2βηεζαζβL01.00.80.60.40.220040060080010001200BiSbBi2Te3PbTeSiGeCuNiFigureofMerit,ZTTemperature(K)0Fe102030405060708090100Siatomicpercentsilicon6008001000120014001600temperature,°C0102030405060708090100weightpercentsilicon(γFe)(αFe)α1(Si)α2βηεζαζβL01.00.80.60.40.220040060080010001200BiSbBi2Te3PbTeSiGeCuNiFigureofMerit,ZTTemperature(K)0Fe102030405060708090100Siatomicpercentsilicon6008001000120014001600temperature,°C0102030405060708090100weightpercentsilicon(γFe)(αFe)α1(Si)α2βηεζαζβL01.00.80.60.40.220040060080010001200BiSbBi2Te3PbTeSiGeCuNiFigureofMerit,ZTTemperature(K)0Fe102030405060708090100Siatomicpercentsilicon6008001000120014001600temperature,°C01020304050607