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11.harmful:adj.有害的；可致损伤的吸烟有害健康。Smokingisharmfultoourhealth.Thedrugisharmfultoourbrain.harm:harmless:harmlessnessn.损害/伤害adj.无害的n.无害2harm常见短语：dosb.harm/doharmtosb.domoreharmthangoodThereisnoharmin(sb.’s)doingsth.Itdoesnoharm(forsb.)todosth.对某人有害。弊大于利做…没有害处32.…bylayingeggs.lay-laid-laid-laying放,把……放在……；产卵Helaidhisbooksonthedesk.注意:lie(lay;lain;lying)躺；位于lie(lied;lied;lying)说谎Thenaughtyboy____tomethatthehenthat____therejustnowhad____twoeggsthedaybefore.A.laid;laid;laidB.laid;lay;lainC.lied;laid;lainD.lied;lay;laidD43.puzzle:n.谜,难题vt&vi(使)迷惑,(使)为难puzzled:adj.无法了解的,(感到)困惑的puzzling:adj.令人费解的sthpuzzlessb.某事使某人困惑/为难sbbepuzzledbysth.某人对…感到迷惑puzzleabout/oversth.苦苦思索solveapuzzle解决一个难题Whatpuzzlesmeiswhyheleftthecountrywithouttellinganyone.I’mpuzzledbyhisfailuretoreplymyletter.54.nowthat:既然，由于既然每个人都到了，我们就可以开始会议。_________________________,wecanbeginthemeeting.由于你是一个大男孩,你就必须行为表现得更好.______________________,youmustbehavebetter.NowthateverybodyishereNowthatyouareabigboynowthat同since相似,语气较弱,强调人们已知的事实。Nowthatyouarehere,whynothavesupperwithus?yououghttohaveagoodrest,nowthatyou’vefinishedthejob.65.Theywereintimetoproducecarbon,nitrogen,…1)迟早，最终相当于soonerorlaterYouwillsucceedintimeifyoukeeponworkinghard.Don’tworry–I’msurethingswillgetbetterintime.2)intime(forsth./todosth.)及时，不迟Iwasjustintimefortheflight.Youmustgooffnowifyouwanttoattendthemeetingintime.7与time相关的短语:aheadoftime提前innotime立刻,马上attimes有时atatime每次;一次atnotime绝不；永不atonetime曾经；一度onceuponatime从前ontime按时;准时fromtimetotime不时地takeone’stime不着急86.Itwasnotimmediatelyobviousthatwaterwastobefundamentaltothedevelopmentoflife.水会对于生命的发展起关键作用,这一点在当时并不太明显.本句体现的是名词性从句在句中作主语的作用,It是形式主语,真正的主语是thatwaterwastobefundamentaltothedevelopmentoflife.如:Itisnowonderthathehaspassedtheexam.7.(sth)dependon(sthelse):1)取决于Oursuccessdependsonwhethereveryoneworkshardornot.2)依赖，依靠Childrendependontheirparentsforalloftheirmaterialneeds.3)相信，信赖YoucandependonJane;shealwayskeepsherpromises.4）dependon/upon的宾语补足语可以是不定式或分词Theoldmandependedonhisdaughtertokeephouse.Hedoesn’twork,butdependsonhisparentsgivinghimmoney.我们的成败取决于是否每个人都努力工作。10•8.ButwhenItriedtostepforward,IfoundIwascarriedtwiceasfarasontheearthandfellover.•1）A+倍数+as+adj/adv原级+as+B•表示A正好是B的多少倍•2)A+倍数+adj/adv比较级+than+B•表示“A比B大（长，宽，高…)几倍”•3）A+倍数+thesize/weight/height/length/width+of+B•表示A正好是B的多少倍111)“A+be+倍数+as+形容词原级+as+B”.Thistreeisthreetimesastallasthatone.Hisfatheristwiceasoldashe.2)“A+be+倍数+形容词比较级+than+B”长江差不多比珠江长两倍。我们学校的学生数量比他们学校的多三倍。TheYangtzeRiverisalmosttwicelongerthanthePearlRiver.Thenumberofstudentsinourschoolisthreetimeslargerthanthatintheirs.123)“A+be+倍数+the+名词(size,length,width)+of+B”Thenewlybroadenedsquareisfourtimesthesizeofthepreviousone.新扩建的广场是以前的四倍大。—Doyouregret_______(pay)100dollarsforthepainting?—No,Iwouldgladlyhavepaid_____________(两倍那么多了)forit.payingtwiceasmuch13•这条街是那条街的四倍长•~Thisstreetisthreetimeslongerthanthatone.•~Thisstreetisfourtimesaslongasthatone.•~Thisstreetisfourtimesthelengthofthatone.•我们教室的大小是你们教室的三倍•Ourclassroomistwicebigger/largerthanyours.•Ourclassroomisthreetimesasbig/largeasyours.•Ourclassroomisthreetimesthesizeofyours.