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:2005203224::100128719(2005)0320047207ROLEANDPROSPECTSOFDELAYEDCOKINGINCHINASPETROLEUMPROCESSING1,2,3QUGuo2hua1,HUANGDa2zhi2,LIANGWen2jie3(1.,200540;2.,100083;3.,257061)(1.ShanghaiPetrochemicalCompanyLimited,SINOPEC,Shanghai200540,China;2.ResearchInstituteofPetroleumProcessing,SINOPEC,Beijing100083,China;3.ChinaPetroleumUniversity,Dongying257061,China):,,/,,:;;:TE624.3:AAbstract:Thedevelopmentofresidueupgradingtechnologyiscurrentlyoneofthemostcrucialtasksinpetroleumrefining.InChina,theresiduesareupgradedmainlybydecarbonizationprocesses,i.e.residueFCCanddelayedcoking.Itisbelievedthatthesetwoprocesseswillbelastingquitealongerperiodoftimefromnowon.Comparedwiththeotherupgradingprocesses,delayedcokingpresenteditsnotableadvantagesintheadaptabilityofprocessingfeedresiduesofverypoorquality,therelativehighermaturityoftechnology,therelativelowerincapitalexpenditure,theabilitytoprovidefeedstocksforethyleneproduction,andtheproductdistributionwithhigherdiesel/gasolineratio.ForfurtherdevelopmentsofdelayedcokingtechnologyinChina,greateffortsaretobemadeontheenlargementofthescaleofprocessunits,theoptimizationoftheprocessoperations,thecleanlinessofprocessenvironments,andtheutilizationofthepetroleumcokeeffectively.Keywords:delayedcoking;upgradingofheavyoils;vacuumresidue,,,,,,,,()20056ACTAPETROLEISINICA(PETROLEUMPROCESSINGSECTION)213©1995-2005TsinghuaTongfangOpticalDiscCo.,Ltd.Allrightsreserved.11.1[1],35026%,5001/2;,,,,,,,2/3,1/2,30%[2],,,,,,,,,,1.2,[3,4],,,,,,,,,,1a1)Table1aProductioncapacityofresiduesprocessingintheworld1)Mta-1ItemThemalprocessingThermalcracking/visbreakingCokingHeavyoilFCCSolventdeasphaltingResidhydrogenationFixedbedExpandedbedSuspensoidbedTotalUSA5.98107.4233.7515.5126.955.67-195.28Canada/Mexico21.3731.966.752.151.468.640.3272.65Asia26.3131.7493.802.3161.401.19-216.75Europe118.1937.4020.742.537.564.430.22191.07Otherregions54.9623.495.622.7524.142.54-113.5Worldtotal226.81232.01160.6625.25121.5122.470.54789.251)Referring[4],uptothe1stquarterof1999,includingindustrialproductioncapacityoftheconstructedprocessunitsplustheunitsunder2construction1bTable1bRatioofproductioncapacityofresiduesprocessingintheworld%ItemThemalprocessingThermalcracking/visbreakingCokingHeavyoilFCCSolventdeasphaltingResidhydrogenationFixedbedExpandedbedSuspensoidbedTotalUSA3.0655.0117.287.9413.812.90-100.00Canada/Mexico29.4243.999.302.962.0011.890.44100.00Asia12.1314.6443.281.0728.330.55-100.00Europe61.8619.5710.851.323.962.320.12100.00Otherregions48.4220.704.952.4221.272.24-100.00Worldtotal28.7329.4020.353.2015.402.850.07100.0084()21©1995-2005TsinghuaTongfangOpticalDiscCo.,Ltd.Allrightsreserved.1,20,,1/5,1/2,,2H(wH)H/C(nH/nC)2,HH/C,,H;nH/nC,nH/nC,65%,,H20.9%,H2nH/nC,1108t,nH/nC1.6nH/nC1.8,2%H2,2106tH2,7106t,2H(wH)nH/nCTable2Rangesofhydrogenmassfraction(wH)andnH/nCofvariouspetroleumoilsItemwH/%nH/nCGasoline13.0-13.51.8-1.9Diesel12.0-13.21.6-1.8Vacuumdistillate11.0-13.01.5-1.8Atmosphericresidue10.5-12.71.4-1.7Vacuumresidue10.0-12.31.3-1.7Coke1.5-4.50.2-0.6,,,,,,1.3,,80%,,[5,6],:/,8%,w(Ni+V)10g/g,,V,2090,,321,,,32090(m)Table3Quantityofheavyoilprocessed(m)inChinathroughcatalyticcrackinganddelayed2cokingintheperiodof1990sHeavyoilprocessedm10-4/t1990199119921993199419951996199719981999Delayedcoking670.1747.3784.9816.8922.11006.51187.31338.41456.91762.1Catalyticcracking267.1386.7480.1625.4687.5773.9990.01321.51493.21615.1mQuantityofheavyoilprocessed2,,20,,,,19841999,70%2000,943©1995-2005TsinghuaTongfangOpticalDiscCo.,Ltd.Allrightsreserved.101,2.1108t/a,,,,,10,30%[7]196313.0105t/a,33,,3107t/a,2(7%),1107t/a20,2.1,4,416g/g(wNi=51g/g,wV=365g/g),19.8%;275g/g(wNi=68g/g,wV=207g/g),9.2%,,,,,,,,4[1,2,8]Table4PropertiesofvacuumresiduesprocessedfromdomesticandimportedcrudesResidues20/gcm-3w(Carbonresidue)/%w(Asphaltene)1)/%wNi/gg-1wV/gg-1Daqing0.91857.31.06.70.1Shengli,mixed0.974015.10.250.33.2Shengli,Gudao1.002016.22.821.12.0Shengli,Gudong0.978014.91.052.12.5Shengli,Shanjiasi1.001016.02.442.33.4Xinjiang,Beijiang0.94939.11.026.02.8Xinjiang,Jiuqu0.983610.20.4224.60.5Xinjiang,Tahemedium2)0.991416.610.935.9201Xinjiang,Taheheavy2)1.014119.816.651.0365Liaohe,mixed0.995020.35.7111.02.6Liaohe,Huanxiling1.002916.92.740.00.5Liaohe,Shuguang0.964916.10.360.00.9Liaohe,Gaosheng0.962217.40.2122.53.1SaudiArabia,light1.006516.37.319.264.7SaudiArabia,medium1.016917.78.336.0100SaudiArabia,heavy1.103323.69.268.02071)Heptaneinsolubles;2)Atmosphericresidue2.24,,,1.0106t/a,,,,,2.2106t/a3,5,,100.0%,128.6%,05()21©1995-2005TsinghuaTongfangOpticalDiscCo.,Ltd.Allrightsreserved.212.7%,,,100.0%,155.3%,174.9%,,,,,531)Table5Economycomparisonof3kindsofresidualoilprocesses1)ItemOnstreamfactorFeedstockCapitalinvestment10-6/USDProductioncost10-6/USDa-1PretaxROI/%a-1Delayedcoking0.90VR164.1132.1123.3RFCC0.92AR211.2205.1522.7Residhydrocracking0.92VR349.0231.007.71)Processingcapacityof2.2106t/a2.32,,,,,,2,,13%18%,,,,BMCI10,6,28.8%,,1106t/a,,,1107t/a,/1/15;,/1/10,,1t10t,,6Table6Typicalgroupanalysisofhydrogenatedcokernaphtha%Itemw(C4)w(C5)w(C6)w(C7)w(C8)w(C9)w(C10)w(C11)Subtotaln2Paraffin1