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:(41301060459):,,196211,1988,,:02532697(2002)0200580612(1710065;2100083):(),,,,,,,,,(),,:测井;反演;侵入;时间;电阻率;饱和度:P6319:A,,,(),,,,,[1],,[2~7],,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,[8],,,,,,:(1):,,,,trSw(r,t);(2):,,23220023ACTAPETROLEISINICAVol.23No.2Mar.2002;(3):Rw(r,t)T;(4):Archie[9],tRf(r,t)Rf(r,t)=aRw(r,t)Snw(r,t)m(1)a;m;n,,,[5][7],13d8d20d40d:Sw0=04,k=1m2,=018,Cmf=18000mg/L,Cw=200000mg/L,o=6mPa!s,w=04mPa!s,T=100∀,p=5MPa,m=2,n=2,a=11,,,,,1Fig.1Dynamicinvasionprofileforformationresistivityatvarioustimestages,,,,,,,RID(t)RIM(t)[10]RID(t)=#∃0gID(r)Rf(r,t)dr-1(2)RIM(t)=#∃0gIM(r)Rf(r,t)dr-1(3)g(r)Rft,2Fig.2Timelapsedualinductionloggingresponse2,,,,,2,1t=0,,,,,(1),,,(2),,,,,,RIM,RIM;,,RID592:,,RIMRID2,:%[Rt,Rt=Rf(0,r)][Sw0,Sw0=Sw(0,r)],(1);&(),Sw0kmc,(),,Sw0kmc,S0w0k0mc,G0iR0ij=Rij(S0w0,k0mc,G0)(j=1,j=2)[11],,Sw0kmcGiRijRij(Sw0,kmc,G)=R0ij(S0w0,k0mc,G0)+Rij(Sw0,kmc,G)Sw0G=G0Sw0=S0w0,kmc=k0mc!Sw0+Rij(Sw0,kmc,G)kmcG=G0Sw0=S0w0,kmc=k0mc!kmc(4)R=(R11,R12,R21,R22,∋)TR(=(R(11,R(12,R(21,R(22,∋)T,R=R-R(=[J]P(5)PP=(Sw0,kmc)T,[J]Jacobi,i,12Ji1=RijSw0,Ji2=RijkmcLevenbergMarguardtP,P∀:P=([J]+[J]+∀[I])-1[J]TR(6)[I]S0w0,k0mcG0,(4)~(6)P,P(=P+P(7)P(,(4)~(7),4,6,Sw0kmc3,,10~30d,10%~15%,[4][6,7],8~10d,30%~50%,,,,,,,,,,,602002231Table1Resultsofafielddatainversionexampleforvariousinitialguesses1234Sw003040405Sw00383710038997203936030393719Kmc(m2)6)10-66)10-610)10-66)10-6Kmc(m2)55736)10-654145)10-652680)10-651828)10-6RIM1(#m)23232323RIM1(#m)2315226522402242RID1(#m)26262626RID1(#m)2615254125062502RIM2(#m)24242424RIM2(#m)2434237723412328RID2(#m)21212121RID2(#m)2148210220782077(%)124121248259311:3d20d,RIM1=23#mRID1=26#m,RIM2=24#mRID2=21#m:k=1m2,=02,Cmf=20000mg/L,Cw=190000mg/L,m=2137,n=1924,a=0824,w=04mPa!s,o=1145mPa!s,T=102∀,p=519MPa,,1,1Sw0kmc,(Sw0=039,kmc=54)10-6m2),26%3(a),,3d20d,14d11d,,3(a),,3(b),3(a),,Sw0=039,,(1)Rt=263#m,,,3Fig.3Inversionresultsforloggingtwice612:322:,[12],,,,12d,37d50d,,(2),;k=25m2,=017,Cmf=18000mg/L,Cw=150000mg/L,m=2Table2Afielddatainversionresultsforloggingthreetimes(12d)(37d)(50d)RIM1(#m)RID1(#m)RIM2(#m)RID2(#m)RIM3(#m)RID3(#m)639744484643629694384519473345214257(%)0127-27141710S0w0=03k0mc=1)10-5m2Sw0=0248515,kmc=294975)10-5m22127,n=185,a=132,w=04mPa!s,o=713mPa!s,T=105∀,p=1054MPa,,24(a)12d37d50d3,4(b),4(b)27%4Fig.4Inversionresultsforloggingthreetimes(Sw0=025),(1)Rt=144#m,,12d67%,33%,50dRID30%4,(),,,,,2,,,5:,62200223,5,[12],,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,(),:,,,,,,:(1),,,;(2);(3),,,,;(4)(,,),,[1]JialoDandSharmaM.Anexperimentalinvestigationoftheresistivityprofileintheflushedzone[J].TheLogAnalyst,1993,33(2):145~154[2]TobolaDPandHolditchSA.Determinationofreservoirpermeabilityfromrepeatedinductionlogging[J].SPEFormationEvaluation,1991,(3):20~26[3]YaoCYandHolditchSA.Reservoirpermeabilityestimationfromtimelapselogdata[J].SPEFormationEvaluation,1996,(6):69~74[4],,[J],1993,17(4):239~244[5],,[J],1994,15(4):73~78[6],,[J],1996,31(4):335~540[7]LiuZhenhua,HuQi,OyangJianandZhangJianhuaDynamicduallaterologresponses:modelandfieldapplicationsintheBohaiGulfofChina[J].JournalofPetroleumScienceandEngineering,1999,23(1):1~11[8]JohnTDandMartinEC.Mudcakebuildupandinvasioninlowpermeabilityformations:applicationtopermeabilitydeterminationbymeasurementwhiledrilling,34thAnn[C].Log.Symp.Trans.,Soc.Prof.WellLogAnalysts,1993,NN1~24[9]ArchieGE.Introductiontopetrophysicsofreservoirrocks[J]AAPGBull.,1950,34(5):943~961[10]DollHG.Introductiontoinductionloggingandapplicationtologgingofwellsdrilledwithoilbasemud[J].JournalofPetroleumTechnology,1949,1(6):148~162[11]LawsonCLandHansonRJ.Solvingleastsquaresprobleums[M].PrenticeHall,Inc.1974:56~80[12]HowardAQ.Anewinvasionmodelforresistivityloginterpretation[J].TheLogAnalyst,1992,33(2):96~110(2000111820010112)632:formationdamagewhichoftengreatlyreducetheproductivityofoilandgasreservoirs.However,inmanyunderbalanceddrillingoperations,additionalbenefitsarenotseenduetothedifficultyofsafelycontrollingthebottomholepressuredifference.Damageduetopoorlydesignedand/orexecutedunderbalanceddrillingprogramscanrivalorevengreatlyexceedthatwhichmayoccurusingawell_designedconventionaloverbalanceddrillingprogram.Amethodforcalculatingthebottomholeflowingpressureduringunderbalanceddrillinghasbeendevelopedwhichtakesintoaccountallimportantfactorscontributingtothisprocess.Thistransient,one_dimensionalmulti_phaseflowmethodisclosertothetruethanconventionaloneswhichconsidertheconstantformationthicknessasanassumptionduringdrilling.TakingintoaccountthechangesoftheformationthicknessincalculatingtheBHFP,inadditionauthorputforwardtheoriginalviewpointthatkeepingconstantgasinvasivevelocityissaferthanthetraditionalonethatkeepstheconstantbottomholepressure.Wecansafelydrawtheconclusionthatitispossibletocalculateandcontrolthevolumeofgasinfluxifthemethoddiscussedinthispaperisusedduringunderbalanceddrilling.Keywords:underbalanceddrilling;bottomholepressuredifference;bottomholeflowingpressure;gasinfluxTHEANALYTICALSTUDYOFABNORMALLYHIGHPRESSUREGASRESERVOIRDEPLETIONCHARACTERISTICSDENGYuan_zhong,etal.(ResearchInstituteofPetroleumExplorationandDevelopment,PetroChina,Beijing1000