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2016年第一次中国石化英语水平测试题阅读（总题数：50题，满分：60分）篇章2（第11-20题）LineCheapoilisnotabouttokilloffwindandsolarpowerassomeexpertshaveclaimed,theUSgovernment’schiefanalystsaidonWednesday.Thehistoricdropincrudeoilprices,withBrentcrudetradingat＄49.04abarrelinLondononWednesday,hadraisedfearsthatrenewableenergysourceswouldstruggletocompete.ButAdamSieminski,whoheadstheEnergyInformationAdministration(EIA),saidoilwasnotinhead-oncompetitionwithrenewableswhenitcametoelectricitygeneration–andthatgovernmentpolicieswouldhelpshieldthecleanenergyindustries.“AlotofthedemandthatiscomingforwindandsolaradditionintheUSissupportedthroughtaxincentivesandstateenergyprogramsthatrequireacertainpercentageofelectricitytocomefromrenewables,”Sieminskisaid.However,theEIAdoesexpectUSgreenhousegasemissionstocreepupin2014-underminingBarackObama’seffortstofightclimatechange-withcheapoilencouragingeconomicgrowth.Installationsofindustrial-scalepowerdoubtedin2014-becauseofthosesupportprogramsandfallingpricesforsolarpanels.However,renewablesoverall,excludinghydro,stillaccountforonlyabout6%ofUSpowergeneration.MostofAmerica’selectricitycomesfromcoalandnaturalgas–notoil–sothecheapglobaloilpriceswouldnothaveanimmediateeffect.Butitcouldbeadifferentstoryforhybridandplug-invehicles.Therearesignsthat＄2agallongasismakingbigcarsandtrucksmorepopularforUSconsumersagain,andtheheadoftheworld’stoprenewableenergyagencyrecentlywarnedlowoilpricesthreatenedelectriccars.Butevenoncars,otherfactorscameintoplay.Carownershipisdecliningoverrecentdecadesbecauseofurbanization,andasalifestylechoiceamongyoungerAmericans.Inaddition,manycitiesofferperkstoelectriccardrivers,suchastherighttosharethecarpoolinglane,orfreechargingstations.JustlikewhatSieiminskiasked,“Isthegrowthinallelectricvehiclesreallybeingdrivenbygasolineprices,orisitsocial?”11.Whatdoesthepassagemainlydiscuss?A.Thevictoryofoiloverwindandsolarenergy.B.Thecompetitionofoilwithrenewableenergysources.51015202530C.Thehistoricdropincrudeoilprices.D.Thepossibleinfluencesofoilpricedrop.12.Theword“head-on”inLine7isclosestinmeaningto.A.directB.praticalC.personalD.indirect13.Accordingtothepassage,whywasoilnotinhead-oncompetitionwithrenewableenergysourceswhenitcametoelectricitygeneration?A.Thereisalotofdemandforrenewableenergysources.B.Thegovernmentdoesnotmakeashiedldforrenewableenergysources.C.Peoplehavetopayhightaxesforrenewableenergysources.D.Thegovernmentadoptssomepoliciestoprotectrenewableenergysources.14.Theword“incentives”inLine11isclosestinmeaningto.A.programsB.protectionC.encouragementD.measures15.AccordingtoParagraph3,whydoestheEIAexpertUSgreenhousegasemissionstocreepupin2014?A.BecauseBarackObamamadeeffortstofightclimatechange.B.Becausecheapoilcouldencourageeconomicgrowth.C.Becauseinstallationsofindustrial-scalesolarpowerdoubtedin2014.D.Becausetheuseofrenewableshavebeenincreasedsubstantially.16.Theword“undermining”inLine15isclosestinmeaningto.A.strengtheningB.weakeningC.promotingD.wasting17.Theword“it”inLine23refersto.A.thedropinoilpricesB.greenhousegasemissionC.theUSpowergenerationD.economicgrowth18.WhichofthefollowingisNOTmentionedinthepassageasasocialfactortodriveelectriccaruse?A.Designatedfreeparkingspace.B.Therighttosharethecarpoolinglane.C.Perksofferedtoelectriccardrives.D.Thechanginglifestyleoftheyoungpeople.19.What’stheauthor’sattitudetowardsthefutureofelectriccars?A.OptimisticB.IndifferentC.pessimisticD.Uncertain20.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?A.Renewableshavebecomestrongenoughtocompetewiththeoilindustry.B.Governmentsupporthelpsrenewablestooccupyalargepercentageofpowergeneration.C.Crudeoilpriceshavereachedthelowestpointinhistory.D.Fallingoilpricesaremakingacomebackforbigcarsandtrucks.篇章4（第31-40题）LineSolarstormsarenaturaleventsthatoccurwhenhighenergyparticlesformthesunhittheearth.Theytakeplacewhenthesunreleasesenergyintheformofoutburstsoreruptions.Solarstormscontaingasandothermatterandcantravelatextremelyhighspeeds.WhensuchparticleshittheEarthoranyotherplanetwithanatmosphere,theycauseageomagneticstorm–adisturbanceinthemagneticfieldthatsurroundsourplanet.Normallysuchoutburstsarenotdangerous.Theyarethecauseofpolarlights–bright,colorfullightsintheskiesinthenorthernregions.Theymay,however,endangerusinotherways.Suchoutburstsofthesun’senergycancausecommunicationproblems,interferewithsatellitereceptionorleadtoincorrectGPSreadings.Inthepasttheyhaveevenshutdownelectricpowergrids.AnAmericaninvestigationin2008showedthatextremesolarstormscouldcausebillionsofdollarsindamage.Severalorganizationsaroundtheworldmonitorthesun’sactivityandthedisturbancesthatoccurinitsatmosphere.TheyalsohavedetectorsthatshowvariationsintheEarth’smagneticfield.Solarcyclesrepeatthemselvesevery11years.RightnowtheEarthisexperiencingthemostseveresolarstormsince2003.SkywatchersinCanadaandScandinaviaarealreadyreportingsightingsofmorenorthernlightsthanusual.Asthesuniscurrentlybecomingmoreactivewewillseemoreandmoresolarflaresthenextfewyears.Howeverthesolarcycleweareinatthemomentisrelativelyquietcomparedtoothersoverthelastdecades.Thelastmajo