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TheurbanplanningintheUnitedStatesCityPlanningofNewYorkCityNewYorkCityTheBigApple,TheCityNeverSleepsArea:930q.km.Population:8millionCityDevelopmentUrbanization:1920sUntil1929Until1921,6millionresidentsTrafficCongestion1921—1929:“Recentralization”1968:“CurbTheCityExpansion”1996:“BalanceDevelopment”2002:“SustainableWorldCity”2008-2030:“PLANYC—AGreenerGreatercity”TheStrategiesTenSpecificAreasTheurbanplanningdevelopmentThefrontierperiodofurbanizationCommercialurbanizationperiodIndustrialurbanizationperiodAutourbanizationperiodInthelateworldwarIIBroadwayWallStThefrontierperiodofurbanizationurbanplanningCommercialurbanizationperiodproductionandtradingimmigrationportport23miles2808miles9021milesimmigration纽约-布法罗-底特律-芝加哥费城-匹兹堡-辛辛那提-路伊斯威尔52922miles，太平洋铁路横贯大陆Industrialurbanizationperiod93263miles，所有的州都有铁路相连FordismAutourbanizationperiodThecarbegantoparticipateinthecompetitionoftransportationsystemFromtheenginetotheinternalcombustionengineOilfieldsinthecitiesSatellitecityInthelateworldwarIIHigh-techeconomyInternalEconomiesofScaleLocalizationEconomiesUrbanizationEconomiesHighway,theproliferationofregionalandmetropolitanareacombinedInterstateHighwaySystem240%3%1%2%5%7%6%4%8%1965197019801975199019851995-1%AdjustedproductivityThreeurbanbeltInNewYork,Philadelphia,Baltimore,asthecenterFromtheBostonSouthtoWashington中央公园巴尔的摩丹佛费城芝加哥