苹果冷藏库设计方案

苹果冷藏库设计方案学生文档-1-目录一、设计基本资料1.设计目的··························································22.设计项目··························································23.冷库室内外设计参数················································2二、冷库热工负荷计算1.冷库整体设计要求··················································22.冷库尺寸计算······················································23.冷库的长宽计算··················································34.库板厚度计算····················································3三、库房冷负荷的计算1.计算围护结构耗冷量Q1············································32.计算货物耗冷量Q2················································4四、设备选型的依据1.压缩机组的选型··················································42.冷风机的选型·····················································73.膨胀阀的选型·····················································94.冷库电控箱的选型················································105.库门选型························································116.库灯的选择·······················································12五、备材料明细表··················································13六、图纸1.冷库房模型······················································142.冷库平面图······················································143.制冷原理图······················································154.电气控制图······················································15七、结论··························································16八、参考文献·····················································16学生文档-2-一、设计基本资料1.设计目的：通过本设计初步了解建筑与设备工程的设计内容，了解设计计算的步骤和方法，懂得识图和制图，学会查找设计规范和设计手册。通过设计掌握有关冷库制冷工艺设计的内容、程序及基本原则和制冷工艺设计计算方法并提高绘制设计图纸的能力。2.设计项目：30t苹果冷库设计3.冷库室内外设计参数库房名称相对湿度温度苹果冷库85%0℃柳州室外84%30.3℃地坪85%25℃二、冷库热工负荷计算1.冷库的整体设计要求设计一个水果冷库，产品为晚熟苹果，进库温度25℃，库温0℃，库容为40%，每天的进货量是10t/24h，采用组拼装式冷库，制冷系统为氟利昂制冷系统。苹果的冷藏条件：贮藏温度1℃相对湿度为85%-90%O2的含量为1.5%CO2的含量为1%贮藏期为120天学生文档-3-2.冷库尺寸计算根据公式：吨位=冷库容积×库容率×食品比重式中G—冷库计算吨位（t）；V1—冷库的容积（m3）；η—库容率；ρs—食品的比重（t/m3）根据《冷库设计规范》表3.0.5查得水果的密度为ρs=230kg/m3根据《冷库设计规范》表3.0.3初步估计其η=0.4得到冷库的公称体积V=326m3冷库高度的确定：净高为3.0m。3.冷库的长宽计算因冷库库板采用彩钢板，维护库板的尺寸为1000×100×4000（mm），屋顶和地面库板尺寸为1000×100×7000（mm），因此，冷库的长为：22m，宽为5m。三、库房冷负荷计算总耗冷量=（围护结构耗冷量Q1+货物耗冷量Q2）×1.21.围护结构耗冷量Q1其中，聚苯乙烯的λ=0.036W/m·cδ=100mm冷库库顶的面积为Fa，库体四周的面积为Fb，地坪的面积为Fc库顶耗冷量Qa=1.6×λ／δ×Fa×（tw﹣tn）=1.6×0.036/100mm×(25×5)×(26℃-0℃)=1647.36W学生文档-4-库体四周耗冷量Qb=1.3×λ／δ×Fb×(tw-tn)=1.3×0.36×(2×25×3+2×5×3)×26℃=2190.24W冷库地坪耗冷量Qc=λ／δ×Fc×(tw-tn)=0.36×（25×5）×26℃=1029.6W围护结构耗冷量Q1=Qa＋Qb＋Qc=4867.2W=4.87KW2.货物耗冷量Q2苹果的耗冷量=每次的进货量×焓差÷每次冷加工时间+降温过程呼吸热+冷藏时呼吸热式中，每天的进货量为10t，进出货的温度为26℃和0℃，冷加工的时间为24h,查表A-3食品的比焓和A-4水果与蔬菜的呼吸热可得苹果的26℃的焓值为373kJ／㎏，0℃焓值为279.5kJ／㎏;26℃的呼吸热为96W／t，0℃的呼吸热为10W／t。货物耗冷量Q2=[100000㎏×30%×(373kJ／㎏-279.5kJ／㎏)÷(24×3600)s]＋[100000㎏×30%×(96W／t＋10W／t)／2]＋﹙100000㎏×70%×10W／t﹚=10.87KW＋0.53KW＋0.2KW=11.62KW总耗冷量Q=(围护结构耗冷量Q1＋货物耗冷量Q2)×1.2=(4.87KW＋11.62KW)×1.2=19.79KW四、设备的选型1.压缩机组的选型比泽尔压缩机制冷量大、可以多种制冷剂、能量调节广泛有效的学生文档-5-减少运行费用、使用寿命长等优点。库房的制冷量为19.79kw,所以选择比泽尔风冷冷凝压缩机组HM-4TCS-8.2/FL（图1），制冷量为20.21kw。比泽尔风冷冷凝压缩机组技术数据(表1)表1比泽尔风冷冷凝压缩机组技术数据（C4系列）冷凝机组型号HM-4TCS-8.2/FLHM-4VCS-10.2/FLHM-4NCS-12.2/FLHM-4PCS-15.2/FLHM-4NCS-20.2/FL(相对匹数)8HP低温10HP中高温12HP低温15HP中高温20HP中高温冷凝机组名义输入KW6.58101220电源380V50Hz380V50Hz380V50Hz380V50Hz380V50Hz最大工作电流A1923283434工质R22R22R22R22R22型号4TCS-8.24VCS-10.24NCS-12.24PCS-15.24NCS-20.2压名义输入HP/KW7.5/5.510/7.512.5/9.215/1120/15排气管径11/8(28)7/8(22)11/8(28)11/8(28)11/8(28)缩吸气管径13/8(35)11/8(28)13/8(35)15/8(42)15/8(42)冷冻油量L2.62.62.62.62.6机PTC曲轴箱加热120W/220V120W/220V120W/220V120W/220V120W/220V冷却方式风冷风冷风冷风冷缸顶风机尺寸A×B×Cmm631×306×385631×306×385631×306×385652×305×385652×305×385型号FN-80FN-100FN-130FN-130FN-150冷名义换热量W2440024400382003820047200风机类型外转子外转子外转子外转子外转子凝输出N0×W4×150W4×150W4×180W4×180W4×250W电机极数/电压4极/380V4极/380V4极/380V4极/380V4极/380V器风扇直径mmφ350φ400φ400φ400φ450长×宽×高mm1250×200×9301250×200×11301250×200×13801250×200×13801250×250×1330储液器L1919232323汽液分离器13/811/813/815/815/8油分11/87/811/811/811/8保高低压压力开关DNS-D306XMDNS-D306XMDNS-D306XMDNS-D306XMDNS-D306XM机头电机保护开关INT69VSINT69VSINT69VSINT69VSINT69VS护储液器易熔塞75℃75℃75℃75℃75℃附视液镜5分螺口5分螺口5分螺口5分螺口5分螺口学生文档-6-干燥过滤器电磁阀件高低压力表√√√√√接液体出口inch(mm)5/8(16)5/8(16)5/8(16)5/8(16)5/8(16)管气体入口inch(mm)13/8(35)11/8(28)13/8(35)15/8(42)15/8(42)外形尺寸长×宽×高mm1300×925×10301300×925×10301300×1100×14801400×1100×14801400×1150×1430冷凝温度40℃制冷量W/功率消耗KW蒸发温度℃4TCS-8.24VCS-10.24NCS-12.24PCS-15.24NCS-20.212.5/42200/7.41/60900/10.6570600/13.15压7.5/35500/7.32/51100/10.4559300/12.85缩0/27000/6.97/38850/9.8845000/12.06机-527100/8.3922250/6.6136650/3665031950/9.3537000/11.34性-1022100/7.7718110/6.1729950/10.6025950/8.7230050/10.51能-1517840/7.1114530/5.6624150/9.6620800/8.0024050/9.58参-2014150/6.4211440/5.1019160/8.6616350/7.2118910/8.59数-2510900/5.768790/4.4814700/7.6612550/6.3614500/7.54-308200/5.066540/3.8411040/6.669320/5.4910750/6.48-355920/4.31/7960/5.67//-404010/3.51/5400/4.75//设制冷机高压2525252525计bar低压1313131313压压缩机高压2525262626力bar低压1414141414图1比泽尔风冷冷凝压缩机组2.冷风机的选型：1)冷却客气的冷却设备冷却面积的计算冷却设备的选型计算是根据各冷间冷却设备负荷Qq分别选配冷学生文档-7-却设备或另行设计使用的冷却设备装置，不论选型或另行设计，都需算出冷却面积A(㎡)，其计算公式如下A=Qq／（K△t）=19.52×1000/20×10=79.6㎡式中K——冷却设备的传热系数[W／﹙㎡•℃﹚；△t——库房空气温度与蒸发温度之差﹙℃﹚；Qq——冷却设备负荷2）DL吊顶冷风机参数（表2）表2DL吊顶冷风机参数DL吊顶冷风机外壳采用喷塑工艺，耐腐蚀；盘管以错排方式布置，传热效率