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Unit1Greatscientists金太阳新课标资源网课件大赛参赛课件Therearesomegreatscientificachievementsthathavechangedtheworld.Trythisquizandfindoutwhoknowsthemost?1.Whichscientistdiscoveredthatobjectsinwaterareliftedupbyaforcethathelpsthemfloat?B.ArchimedesC.ThomasEdisonA.CharlesDarwinArchimedes(287-212BC),anancientGreekmathematician&physicist2.Whowroteabookexplaininghowanimalsandplantsdevelopedastheenvironmentchanged?A.MarieCurieC.CharlesDarwinB.GregorMendelCharlesDarwin(1808-1882),BritishauthorofTheOriginofSpecies3.Whoinventedthefirststeamengine?A.ThomasNewcomenC.ThomasEdisonB.ArchimedesThomasNewcomen(1663-1729),British,improvedthefirststeampumpandturneditintoasteamenginefortakingwateroutofminesin17124.Whousedpeastoshowhowphysicalcharacteristicsarepassedfromparentstotheirchildren?A.ThomasEdisonC.ArchimedesB.GregorMendelGregorMendel(1822-1884),Czech(捷克),developedideasonheredity(遗传学)andinherited(继承,承传)characteristics5.Whodiscoveredradium?C.MarieCurieB.NewtonA.ZhangHengMarieCurie(1867-1934),PolishandFrench,wontwoNobelprizes6.Whoinventedthewayofgivingelectricitytoeverybodyinlargecities?A.StephenHawkingC.ThomasEdisonB.ArchimedesThomasEdison(1847-1931),AmericaninventorThomasEdisonInventionsofThomasEdisonPhonograph留声机LightbulbMotionpictures电灯泡电影7.Whowasthepainterthatstudieddeadbodiestoimprovehispaintingofpeople?A.GregorMendelC.MarieCurieB.LeonardodaVinciLeonardodaVinci(1452-1519),Italianartist8.Whoinventedalamptokeepminerssafeunderground?A.SirHumphryDavyC.FaradayB.ThomasNewcomenSirHumphryDavy(1778-1829),British,discoveredthemedicinalvalueofnitrousoxide(一氧化二氮)asanaesthetic(麻醉剂)9.Whoinventedtheearliestinstrumenttotellpeoplewhereearthquakeshappened?A.CharlesDarwinC.WattB.ZhangHengZhangHeng(78-139),Chinese,inventedthefirstseismographseismograph地动仪10.Whoputforwardatheoryaboutblackholes?A.StephenHawkingC.CopernicusB.ArchimedesStephenHawking(1942-),Britishscientist,workedinastronomyandstudiedblackholesinspaceStephenHawkingWhatdiseasespreadaroundtheworldin2003?SARSWhichdoctorimpressedyoumostduringtheSARS?ZhongNanshan(钟南山)Whatdoyouknowaboutcholera?WhatotherdiseasesdoyouknowaresimilartoSARStoday?cholera霍乱是由霍乱弧菌引起的急性传染病。它发病急，传播迅速，在历史上有过多次暴发流行，是国际检疫传染病（鼠疫、霍乱和黄热病三种）之一，在我国《传染病防治法》中属于甲类传染病（包括鼠疫和霍乱）。霍乱主要通过饮水、饮食等途径传播，当人摄入被霍乱弧菌污染的水或食物时，就会感染、发病。苍蝇、蟑螂等带菌昆虫污染食物和水也有可能引起暴发流行。霍乱的潜伏期很短，仅有1-5日，甚至只有几个小时。多数霍乱病人仅有发烧、轻度的短期腹泻，无典型米泔水样便，也无明显脱水表现，血压、脉搏均正常，尿量较平时略少。而中度或重度病人可出现剧烈吐泻（可出现典型米泔水样便）、高热、严重脱水、尿量大幅下降、脉搏细速、血压下降、神志不清、休克等严重症状，有时也可有肾功能衰竭、急性肺水肿、酸中毒等并发症。JOHNSNOWDEFEATS“KINGCHOLERA”ReadingSkimmingPleasereadthetextcarefullyandthenmakethebestchoices.1.Whatdoesthetextmainlytellus?A.CholerawasaseriousdiseaseinthehistoryofEngland.B.HowJohnSnowsolvedtheproblemofcholera?C.JohnSnowwasafamousdoctorinLondon.2.JohnSnowdecidedtofacethechallengebecauseof___.A.hissympathyforthepatientsB.theorderofQueenVictoriaC.theinspirationfromhisfriends3.Peopleat21BroadStreethadn’tsufferedfromthediseasebecause_____.A.theirfoodhadn’tbeenpollutedB.theyhadn’ttakeinanyharmfulairC.theydrankbeerinsteadofthewaterfromthepump4.WecanlearnfromthetextthatJohnSnow____.A.foundagoodwaytocurepeopleofcholeraB.collectedinformationthroughoutthecountryC.probablydidn’tsearchforevidenceforthefirsttheory.Readthepassageandnumbertheseeventsintheorderthattheyhappened.ReadingComprehensionⅠScanning___JohnSnowbegantotesttwotheories.___AnoutbreakofcholerahitLondonin1854.___JohnSnowmarkedthedeathsonamap.___Heannouncedthatthewatercarriedthedisease.___JohnSnowinvestigatedtwostreetswheretheoutbreakwasverysevere.___KingCholerawasdefeated.___Hefoundthatmostofthedeathswerenearawaterpump.___Hehadthehandleremovedfromthewaterpump.21473856Afterreadingthepassage,matchthefollowingstageswiththeparagraphs.ReadingComprehensionⅡStages•Drawaconclusion•Thinkofamethod•Collectresults•Makeaquestion•Findaproblem•Analyzetheresults•FindsupportingevidencePara.Stagesinanexperiment1234567FindaproblemMakeaquestionThinkofamethodCollectresultsAnalysetheresultsDrawaconclusionFindsupportingevidenceParagraphs&Stages163789pump3840JohnSnow'sCholeraMap7