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I摘要现在，玩具电动车要么是只能实现直线前进的，要么是带遥控装置的开环控制的，能够实现或前进、或后退、或左转、或右转的功能。能够显示运行状态、里程（圈数）并实现报警的却为数不多。本文的主要研究工作是设计和实现基于单片机STC89C51的智能玩具电动车，包括其硬件和软件两个部分。硬件电路部分主要包括控制器、信号检测电路、避障电路、电机驱动电路、显示电路、电源电路等，通过软件编程控制小车实现前进、后退、加速、减速、左转、右转和车灯闪烁等功能，并在小车行进中很好地实现避障，里程、行进方向显示和报警。本文是把当前一般的玩具电动车作为基础，增加各种传感器，如光电传感器、红外传感器、超声波传感器等，利用传感器构成的信号检测电路实时检测电动车的运行速度、运行位置、运行状况，单片机接收并处理信号检测电路检测到的各种数据，然后由单片机发出指令控制电动小车运行。该智能玩具小车能够实现的功能有：实时准确地显示温度、显示里程，能够实现语音控制，自动循迹和避障，能够自动调节行驶速度并精确停车。关键词：智能，玩具电动车，单片机，软件设计IIABSTRACTNow,electrictoyiseithercanonlyachieveastraightforward,eitherwithremotecontroldeviceforopenloopcontrol,canachieveorforward,orback,orleft,orrightfunction.Tobeabletodisplayoperatingstatus,mileage(LAPS)andalarmhoweveramounttoisnotmuch.ThemainresearchworkofthisthesisistodesignandimplementbasedonSTC89C51single-chipmicrocomputerintelligenttoycar,includingitshardwareandsoftwareintwoparts.Thehardwarecircuitpartmainlycomprisesacontroller,asignaldetectioncircuit,obstacleavoidancecircuit,motordrivecircuit,displaycircuit,powersupplycircuit,throughsoftwareprogrammingtocontrolthecarforward,backward,acceleration,deceleration,turnleft,turnrightandlightsflashingandotherfunctions,andinthesmallcarrunningwellrealizetheobstacleavoidance,mileage,thedirectionofdisplayandalarm.Thispaperistopresentageneralelectrictoyasafoundation,increaseofvarioussensors,suchasphotoelectricsensor,infraredsensor,ultrasonicsensor,thesensorsignaldetectioncircuitforreal-timedetectionofelectricvehiclerunningspeed,runningposition,operation,SCMreceivesandprocessesthesignaldetectioncircuitdetectsavarietyofdata,andthenbytheMCUinstructioncontrolofelectrictrolley.Theintelligenttoycarcanachievefunctions:real-timeandaccuratetemperaturedisplay,displaythemileage,voicecontrolcanbeachieved,automatictrackingandobstacleavoidance,andcanautomaticallyadjustthespeedandtheprecisionofparking.Keywords:Intelligent,electrictoycars,SCM,softwaredesign1摘要...............................................................................................................................................IABSTRACT.....................................................................................................................................II第一章引言...................................................................................................................21.1研究背景............................................................................................................................21.2研究意义............................................................................................................................21.3国内外研究现状................................................................................................................31.4研究内容.............................................................................................................................4第二章相关技术...........................................................................................................................62.1单片机技术........................................................................................................................62.2智能玩具电动车技术........................................................................................................7第三章系统需求分析...................................................................................................................83.1功能分析............................................................................................................................83.1.1主控模块.................................................................................................................83.1.2电机驱动模块..........................................................................................................93.1.3显示模块..................................................................................................................93.1.4电源模块...............................................................................................................113.1.5机械系统模块.......................................................................................................113.2性能分析..........................................................................................................................123.2.1硬件系统可靠性措施...........................................................................................123.2.2软件系统可靠性措施...........................................................................................12第四章电路设计.........................................................................................................................154.1主控电路设计..................................................................................................................154.1.1STC89C51单片机硬件结构.................................................................................154.1.2最小应用系统设计.............................................................................................164.2信号检测电路设计..........................................................................................................214.2.1红外检测电路设计................