疟疾幻灯片(cdc)

HUKachinProject2Labau•HkaLiAna（malaria）gawatengrainasaianahpanlangairaingaai,dainimungkanntsahtaHkalianagawgraigabaiamanghkanglangairaingaai.Mungkanntsahtangaaimashajahpanyawngkawnnaka-anghkupdaramgawhkalianahpetsangraaijahpankawlawmngaai.shaningshaguhkalianamachyihkrumhkraaimashagawwan3-5daramre.daihtanna5ningnpumakajisen15-30daramasaksisumngaai.grainnamatsanaimungdannihtagaunnamachyihkrumhkrangaaire.3•Dr.AlphonseLaveran•（1845－1922）TheNobelPrizeinPhysiologyorMedicine19074TheNobelPrizeinPhysiologyorMedicine1902•forhisworkonmalaria,bywhichhehasshownhowitenterstheorganismandtherebyhaslaidthefoundationforsuccessfulresearchonthisdiseaseandmethodsofcombatingitRonaldRoss(1857－1932)5HkaLiAna（malaria)：•Hkalianagaw,hkalianakanu(Plasmodium)rawngaiJigrawng(Anopheles)mashahpegawannakapyaaire.•Kumlani：Hkumgahtet,salatpru,gashunggari,gachyung,gahtetkawp,lawlawlanggahtapbyinai,byinainanaraiyangsaingunyawm&kanpaikabawaai.6【Ngasatngasa】Mashahkumhtabyinchyeaihkalianahpan4ngaai:·①、Plasmodiumvivax(Yuyuhkali)②、Plasmodiumficiparum(Hkalichyang)③、Plasmodiumoval(Po)④、Plasmodiummalariae(Pm)•Hkaliana(Plasmodium)Ngasatngasaladaw2ngaai：Mashahkumhkranggataganawnmazuplamn-ngaaishalawhtamwaaiJigrawnghkumgataAyi&Alaganawnmazuplamn-ngaaishalawhtamwaai78•Anahpeshakapyamaiaijigrawng(Anopheles)machyimashanasaichyuyang：sporozoiteJIgrawngamayenkawhkannnamashahkumnasaikawminutes30daram，SaisinsaididindinrehkranggalainnaTumgaranai（ganawnmazuplamn-ngaaishalawhtamwaai）Pf5～6ya，Pv8yaPo9ya，Pm11～12yaKungsaischizongtsen1.2～4merozoiteshaprawainkaumihpegawmacrophagesshakauaimakaumigawsaihkyengdikawshang，lawhtamwannaanabyinshangunai9•Pvnnasporozoitesinnasaidikawshangaihpang,lawhtamwaaiatenlamanhtagraigalaishaiailamngaai:①bradysporozoite②tachysporozoite③Yupaianakanu：nchyelawhtamwaaisporozoitendainiyawngpungainre.Dairemajawsinnasaidikawgabalawhtamwaaiatenhta,yawngaraunraiai.lawan/gawngnguiailamngaai.mashahkumgatahtauprawngngaaiatengalugadunngaai,atengalu/gadunlamanhtabaigahtapburelamngaai10Saihkyengdigatanaplasmodiumringform、trophozoite、schizontmerozoitesaihkyengdikapawkashaprawmerozoitematutnnakagasaidikawbaishangnnalawhtawaai•Langgadelawwaaihpang，plasmodiumnkaumigawkunggameteanophelesmashahpegawasaikawhkannnaJigrawngkangametem/fgametepawngzygoteookineteShatkanshakumkungaihpangmayenkawbaishangmashahpeshakapya11【流行病学】流行特征：热带＞亚热带＞温带；流行区以间日疟最广，恶性疟最严重;季节多以夏秋季较多。12【Epidemiological】•Kapainingpawt：Machyimashahteanakanurawngaimasha•Kapbraailam：anophelespyikawgawaai.LayangganaPv：中华按蚊Bumgana：微小按蚊Bumlagawna：雷氏按蚊Nammaling：大劣按蚊13JIgrawngnangasatngasaKahtetgamawt,madimanyapngaaiginraHkasanngaaisharaNinghtoinhkraaisharaNamsumwup,hkanawng……..14【Epidemiological】•Mashawuhpawngkaploiailam：–Byinngutaihpanghkamjannaatsamrawngwaai，raitimnananhkamai.–Anakanuhpannpungaithemarenhkamjanatsammungnbungai–Gahtapnnaaikaplalaraiyang，kumlayawmwaai.15【Byinwaailam】•Saihkyengdikapawgannamerozoiteshaprawdataimarangehkumhkranghtagahtet,gashunggari,salatpru…rekumlanimadunai.•Anabyinaisawngnsawngkawanakanu(plasmogium)nalawshadangkawhkanai.•Sawngjangbawnudeduwaai,tsilayakai16•PfYawng≥1000000/mm3•PVHkalungai≤25000/mm3Po•PmAsakgabaaini≤10000/mm3AnakanuhpanSaihkyengdiLawshadang17【Kumla】•Rawngaiaten：PV、Po14ya，Pm30ya，Pf12ya•Lakainnabyinai：•Gawngnguibyinaihkali：•Baigahtapbyinai：bradysporozoiteamarangebyinai.•Laksaiaihkali：PvPmPoPf18Plasmodiumvivax(Pv)•Lawmalawnggajawnggajaraibyinai，graunnagawbaigahtapbyinaini。ningnanbyinyanghkumgahtet、n-gunyawm、bawmachyi、n-gupnmuraiai.Ningnanehkumgahtetainmanai,gadeyannaaihpanghkringnnabaibyinwaai.ByinYangnumdaw3ngaai:12319•Kashung：Kashung、gari、ntenmang、myimannsamnihpraw/asitawatraiai,sain-guntsawwaai.Loikashungwayang，hkumgahtetshadang38℃ramre；kashungngutaihpang39～40℃daramreNingnanbyinaini，ndailadaw10～15minutesdaramre，baigahtapbyinbyinraiyanggaw30～45minutesdarambaiduai。20•kahtet：Kashunghkringaihpangkahtetshadang39.5～41℃duaiMyimanhkyeng，Saihkawmlawan，bawtumkamachyi，shanmawm、lamyilamannimachyi，nkuphkrawraiaiSawngaiwa，kyingwaai,ndumwaaiByinaiaten2～6hours21•Salatpru：Salatprunnakahtetkawpai，BuhpunpalawngyawngmadiwaaiMachyimashangapyawai，raitimgraitsubaaiNdailadaw2～3hours22•Masa：–ByinaiatenYawngraiyang6～10hours，hkringsaaiatenkumlanmadunai–Laklaiaini48hoursraiyangbaibyinre23•Plasmodiummalariae(Pm)：–Lawngmalawngbyinnashawngkumlanmuai–Byinaiatenlawmalaw72hours(3ya)–Byinyang，kashung、kahtet&salatpruaitenladawgraidanlengai–Salatpruaiatenhtakahtetkawpgrailawanai，daimajawgraikyawaai–Kanpaikaba/Sain-gunyawmrelamnaunngaai，RaitimJithprawailamgawlawmuaibyinaiatengalunnagahtapbyinloiai,Byinailam3ningkawnaunlaiai.ginrankaumihta，makajinibaikahtapbyinbyinraiyang,satedeahtuhkraai.24Plasmodiumoval(Po)：–Kumlandanlengai–Graikashung、garirelamnngaai，hkumkahtetshadangyawmai，shihkraimailuai.–Sain-gunyawm,kanpaikabarelamndanlengai–6langdangbyinchangbainchyekahtapbyinai.25•Plasmodiumficiparum(Pf)：–Kumladanlengai–Byinyangkachyung、bawmachyi、agrawgalau、madawnrelamlawmuai–Hkumkahtetshadangnmanai，hkumgalangkahtetyang20～36hours/atengraugalu.–Sain-gunyawm,kanpaikabarelamnidanlengai–Ningnanbyin