Unit 5 Section Ⅲ Grammar― 非限制性定语从句

语法图解SectionⅢGrammar—非限制性定语从句探究发现用适当的连接词填空1．XieLei,is21yearsold,hascometoouruniversitytostudyforabusinessqualification.2．Sheishalfwaythroughthepreparationyear,mostforeignstudentscompletebeforeapplyingforadegreecourse.3．Youhavetogetusedtoawholenewwayoflife,cantakeupallyourconcentrationinthebeginning.4．Livingwithhostfamilies,intheremaybeothercollegestudents,givesherthechancetolearnmoreaboutthenewculture.5．HewantedtoknowwhatIthought,confusedmebecauseIthoughtthattheauthorofthearticleknewfarmorethanIdid.whowhichwhichwhichwhich[我的发现](1)以上句子皆为定语从句，从句与主句之间用逗号隔开。(2)非限制性定语从句可以置于主句之中(如句1)，前后有隔开，也可以置于主句之后(如句2、3、4、5)。(3)非限制性定语从句的先行词既可以是指人或指物的某一名词(如句1、2、3、4)，也可指代整个的内容(如句5)。非限制性逗号主句一、非限制性定语从句的特点1．非限制性定语从句与先行词之间一般用逗号隔开，是对先行词的附加说明，如去掉，句子剩余部分的意思仍然完整。Thechildren,whowantedtohaveajourney,weredisappointedwhenthejourneywascancelled.那些想旅行的孩子，都因旅行的取消而感到失望。Thattheywillgetmarried,whichhasnotbeenannounced,hasspreadaround.他们要结婚的消息还没有被宣布，却已经被传得沸沸扬扬。2．非限制性定语从句的先行词既可为单个的名词或代词，也可为整个句子或其中一部分，且常译成并列的分句。We'llgraduateinJuly,whenwewillbefree.(先行词为名词)我们将于七月份毕业，到那时我们就自由了。Heoftencomestoschoollate,whichmakeshisteacherangry.(先行词为主句的内容)他经常上课迟到，这使得他的老师很生气。[即时演练1]补全句子①(2016·江苏高考改编)Manyyoungpeople,______________,headedforremoteregionstochasetheirdreams.很多年轻人，他们中的大多数受到了良好的教育，都到偏远地区去追逐自己的梦想。②(2016·浙江高考改编)Scientistshaveadvancedmanytheoriesaboutwhyhumanbeingscrytears,.就人类为什么哭科学家提出来许多理论，但没有一项理论得到过证明。mostofwhomwerewell­educatednoneofwhichhasbeenproved③(2016·天津高考改编)Wewillputoffthepicnicintheparkuntilnextweek,.我们将会把去公园野餐的时间推迟到下周，那个时候天气可能会更好一些。whentheweathermaybebetter二、引导非限制性定语从句的关系词1．关系代词which指物，在从句中作主语，宾语或表语；who/whom指人，who在从句中作主语，而whom在从句中作宾语；as既可指人也可指物，在从句中作主语，宾语或表语；whose既可指人也可指物，在从句中作定语。Hewasn'tunconscious,ascouldbejudgedfromhiseyes.他并未失去知觉，这从他的眼神可以判断出来。Mr.King,whoselegswerebadlyhurt，wasquicklytakentohospital.金先生的腿受了重伤，他很快就被送去医院了。2．关系副词when指代时间，在从句中充当时间状语，可与“介词＋which”互换；where指代地点，在从句中充当地点状语，可与“介词＋which”互换。WewillputofftheoutinguntilnextSunday,when/onwhichwewon'tbesobusy.我们把郊游推迟到下个星期天，那时我们就不会那么忙了。Yesterday,theywentouttohaveapicnicinthepark,where/inwhichtheyhadagoodtime.昨天，他们出去在公园里野餐了，在那里他们玩得很开心。[名师点津](1)非限制性定语从句可将整个主句作为先行词，对其进行修饰，这时从句谓语动词要用第三人称单数。(2)非限制定语从句中，不用why引导，用forwhich代替why。Hehasbeenbusywithhisworkthewholeholiday,whichhasmadehisgirlfriendunhappy.他一整个假期都忙于工作，这令他的女朋友很生气。Thereason,forwhichhewasabsentfromthemeeting,wasn'tgiven.他为何缺席会议，没有给出任何理由。[即时演练2]用恰当的关系词填空①YaoMing,youknow,isanexcellentbasketballplayer.②IwishtothankProfessorSmith,withouthelpIwouldneverhavegotthisfar.③(2013·天津高考改编)Wehavelaunchedanotherman­madesatellite,isannouncedintoday'snewspaper.④(2012·浙江高考改编)Ellenwasapainterofbirdsandofnature,,forsomereason,hadwithdrawnfromallhumansociety.aswhosewhichwho三、as与which引导非限制性定语从句时的区别aswhich指代引导从句只能指代整个主句的内容引导从句既可指代整个主句的内容，也可指代主句的一部分位置可位于主句之前，之中或之后引导从句不能置于主句之前意义正如这，那功能连接上下文，表达说话人的观点、看法，并指出主句内容的根据或出处等引导的从句在意义上相当于一个并列句Asweallknow,theearthmovesaroundthesun.众所周知，地球围绕太阳转。Thesinger,aswasexpected,achievedagreatsuccess.正如所期盼的，这位歌手取得了巨大成功。Catherinewillattendafriend'swedding,whichsheisbusypreparingfornow.凯瑟琳将参加一个朋友的婚礼，现在她正在为此做准备。[即时演练3]选词填空(as/which)①(2014·四川高考改编)Untilnow,wehaveraised50,000poundsforthepoorchildren,isquiteunexpected.②(2013·山东高考改编)Thereisnosimpleanswer,isoftenthecaseinscience.③(2013·江苏高考改编)ThepresidentoftheWorldBanksayshehasapassionforChina,heremembersstartingasearlyashischildhood.④weallknow,heisagiftedpianist.whichaswhichAs四、限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句的区别限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句意义起限定作用，指特定的人或物，从句不可省略，否则原句句意不完整仅作补充或说明，若去掉从句，主句意思完整结构要求紧跟先行词，从句与先行词之间不加逗号用逗号与先行词或主句隔开功能修饰先行词修饰先行词或整个主句引导词所有的关系代词及副词关系代词或关系副词，但是关系代词that及关系副词why除外Whenyoureachedthevillage,youwouldfirstfindahousewhosewindowsweremadeofwood.当你到达那个村庄时，你首先会发现一座有着木窗的房子。Theyenjoyedbeautifulsceneryinthemountainarea,wheretheyalsodidsomeclimbing.他们在这个山区欣赏到了美景，在那里他们还做了些爬山运动。[巧学助记]定从分类有奥妙，限与非限看逗号；定前必有先行词，名代两类最适宜；定从先行很紧密，代副两词拉关系。①(2012·北京高考书面表达)IadvisedthemtotakeBusNo.20,whichcouldtakethemtheredirectly.②Thenetizens(网民)whodon'tvoicetheiropinionsaccountfortenpercent.我建议他们乘坐20路公交车，它能直接把他们带到那里。没有发表观点的网民占百分之十。[即时演练4]将下列句子翻译成汉语Ⅰ.用适当的关系词填空1．ItraveltotheBinhaiNewAreabylightrailwayeveryday,asdomanybusinessmenliveindowntownTianjin.2．WheneverImether,wasfairlyoften,shegreetedmewithasweetsmile.3．Shehasbeenabsentagain,isexpected.4．Thefamousfootballer,inhonourapartywillbeheld,istoarrivethisafternoon.whowhichaswhose5．isreportedinthenewspaper,aseriousaccidenthashappenedrecently.6．Theownerpaidtheworkerforcleaningthewholebuilding,mostofhadn'tbeencleanedforatleastonemonth.7．IshallneverforgetthoseyearsIlivedinthecountrywiththefarmers,hasagreateffectonmylife.8．Herfatherworksinafactory,hemakescars.9．Theoldladyhastwodaughters,oneofisworkingabroad.10．Thisisoneofthereasonsyouhavetogiveitup.AswhichwhenwhichwherewhomwhyⅡ.单句写作(用定语从句补全句子)1．Theylivedinatallbuilding,.(stand)他们住在一个高楼里，在楼的前面矗立着一棵大树。2．Thereare60peopleinthegroup,.(whom)这群人共有60人，其中一半的人是农民工。3．Let'sfixthedateforourappointment,.(discuss)让我们为我们的约会定个日期，届时我们将谈论这件事。infrontofwhichstoodabigtreehalfofwhomaremigrantworkerswhenwewilldiscussthematter4．Heturnedouttobeverysuccessful,____________.(beyond)结果他很成功，这