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定语从句TheAttributiveClauseWhichoneisHarryPorter?•戴着眼睛的男孩是哈利波特•Theboyiswearingglasses•TheboyisHarryPorter定语从句（TheAttributiveClause）•一概念定语从句（AttributiveClauses）在句中做定语，修饰一个名词或代词，被修饰的名词,词组或代词即先行词。定语从句通常出现在先行词之后，由关系词（关系代词或关系副词）引出。形容词、代词、名词等可做定语smartboy，manypeople，yourcardnumber，teachingplan。•从句位置：先行词之后形容词性的从句•关系词的作用1.连接作用，引导定语从句。2.代替先行词。3.在定语从句中担当一个成分。TheboywhoiswearingglassesisHarryPorterTheboywhoiswearingglassesisHarryPorter•先行词关系词定语从句关系代词关系副词whothatwhichwherewhenwhywhomwhose二关系词的用法1.关系代词whothat主语/宾语•先行词是人•whom宾语•先行词是物which/that主语/宾语•that•先行词是人和物•whose作先行词定语关系代词Tryit指出关系代词在句子中的成分1.Heistheman(whom/that)Isawyesterday.2.Thebook(which)mysisitergavemeisveryinteresting3.Helivesinaroomwhosewindowfacessouth4.Thegirlwho/thatcametoourclaseisLiming5.Hehasafriendwhosefatherisadoctor.宾语定语宾语定语主语三如何选定定语从句关系词•1.分辨主句和定语从句•2.确定定语从句的先行词（人/物/人和物）•3.把先行词带到从句中，看其在定语从句中充当的成分（主语宾语定语状语）•4.若先行词在从句中做主语，宾语或定语则用关系代词，如果做状语则用关系副词。用关系代词填空：that、which、who、whom、whose•1.Thisistheman_____________wantstoseeyou.•2.clockisamachine__________tellspeoplethetime.•3.Thisisshirt_________Iboughtyesterday.•4.Thisistheboywith_______hetalkedwhothatwhichwhatwhichthatwhomwhowhomwhosethat用法区别1.who指人，在从句中做主语或宾语TheboyswhoareplayingfootballarefromClassOne.TheboysarefromClassOne分解Theboysareplayingfootball做主语2.whom指人，在定语从句中充当宾语，常可省略。Mr.Liuistheperson(whom)youtalkedabout.Mr.Liuistheperson分解Youtalkedwiththeperson注意：关系代词whom在口语和非正式语体中常用who代替，可省略。作宾语若介词放在关系代词前，关系代词指人时用whom，不可用who或者that，也不能省略Themanwithyoutalkedismyfriend.Themanyoutalkedwithismyfriend.whom（whom/who/that）3.whose通常指人，也可指物，在定语从句中做定语Iknowtheboywhosefatherisadoctor.Iknowtheboy分解Theboy'sfatherisadoctor作定语4.that指人时，相当于who或者whom；指物时，相当于which。在宾语从句中做主语或者宾语，做宾语时可省略Whereisthemanthat/whomIsawthismorning?Aplaneisamachinethatcanfly.which和that的用法•which和that通常指物，既可以作主语也可以作宾语，作宾语可以省略。•(1)Footballisagamewhich/thatislikedbymostboys.•(2)Thisisthepen(which/that)heboughtyesterday.作主语作宾语which和that的区别只能用that的情况ThisisthemostinterestingbookthatI'veeverread.ThisisthefirstplaythatihaveseensinceicamehereThisistheverybookthatbelongstohim1.当形容词最高级和序数词修饰先行词时2.先行词被thevery,theonly,thelast,thesame修饰时PayattentiontoeverythingthatIdoTheteacherwantstoteachusallthatheknows.Ihavereadallthebooksthatyoulentme3.当先行词是everything,something,anything,nothing,all,little,much等时4.当先行词被no,all,any,little,every,some修饰时What'sthenameoftheanimalsthatjumpsaboutWhichisthebikethatyoulost?Theyhadalongtalkaboutthepersonsandthingsthattheybothknew5,.当先行词是有生命的动物或人时，宜使用that而不是which6.当主句中已有疑问词who或which时，要用关系代词that。7.当先行词同时指人和物时只用which的情况1.在介词后面的关系代词Thepictureforwhichhepaid$1,000wasonceownedbyaduke.2.有两个定语从句，其中一个关系代词已有which,另一个宜用that。相反，如果其中一个为that，另一个宜用which。Edisonbuiltupafactorywhichproducedthingsthathadneverbeenseenbefore.引导定语从句的关系代词总结主语宾语定语指人指物指人和物whothatwhomwhose(ofwhom)whichtahtthatwhose(ofwhich)thatthatwhosewhenwherewhy用法1.where指地点，在定语从句中作地点状语。Thisisthehospitalmymotherworks.Thisisthehospitalwevisitedthedaybeforeyesterday.wherewhich/that2表时间名词+when+定语从句。•when指时间，在定语从句中作时间状语。IwillneverforgetthedayIfirstmetyouatschool.Iwillneverforgetthedayswespenttogetherwhenthat/which表原因的名词reason+why+定语从句(why只用于reason之后的限制性定语从句中,在定语从句中作原因状语。)ThisisthereasonhegavehisbossintheofficeThereasonhedidnotgotoschoolisthathewasill.which/thatwhywhenwhere和why都可以替换成“介词+which”•DoyoustillrememberthedayonwhichwefirstmetinNantong?•Thisistheroominwhichwelivedlastyear.•DoyouknowthereasonforwhichherefusedtogotoMary’sbirthdayparty.(onwhich=when)(inwhich=where)(forwhich=why)关系副词when=on(induring...)whichwhere=in(infrontof...)whichwhy=forwhich关系副词•1．Thisistheplace_____Johnwasborn?A．whichB．whereC.whenD．that•2.Heistheonlyperson____Iwanttotalkto.A.thatB.whichC.whoD.whose•3．Isthisproblem_____theteacherexplainedlastweek?A．theoneB．thatC．whichD．one4．Thehighbuilding_____standfourpolicemenisthepolicestation．A．whichB．thatC．infrontofitD.infrontofwhich5．MymotherwillgiveMaryamodelplane_____shewillliketoplay．A．whichB．thatC．forwhichD．withwhich•6．Thefilmbroughtthehoursbacktome_____Iwastakengoodcareofinthatfarawayvillage.•A．untilB．thatCwhenD．where•7．Therearetimes_____IwonderwhyIdothisjob．•A．asB．whileC．whichD．when•8．AfterlivinginLondonforthirtyyears，MrSmithreturnedtothesmalltown_____hegrewupasachild．A．whichB．whereCthatD．when