人教新课标版高一必修1Unit2EnglishAroundtheWorld句型语法分析KeySentences1.Laterinthenextcentury,peoplefromEnglandmadevoyagestoconquerotherpartsoftheworldandbecauseofthat,Englishbegantobespokeninmanyothercountries.后来,在下个世纪,英国人开始航海征服世界其他地区。许多别的国家因此而开始说英语。(1)注意voyage是可数名词,常和make搭配构成makeavoyageto或makevoyagesto,表示“航行到……”。单数表示一次航行。(2)初中学过because表示“因为……”,与becauseof的区别是:because是连词,后面要跟句子,多作原因状语从句;becauseof中of是介词,后面只能跟名词或代词或ving作宾语。试比较:Becauseitwasrainingoutside,westayedathome.=Becauseoftherainoutside,westayedathome.因为外面下着雨,所以我们就呆在家里。【经典例题】Wemustnotloseheartonly_____thedifficultywearefacedwith.AbecauseBbecauseofCsinceDas【答案】B2.NativeEnglishspeakerscanunderstandeachothereveniftheydon’tspeakthesamekindofEnglish.以英语作为母语的人,即使他们所讲的语言不尽相同,也可以相互理解。句中“eveniftheydon’tspeakthesamekindofEnglish”是让步状语从句。如:Theywillstandbyyouevenif/thoughyoudon’tsucceed.即使你不成功,他们也将支持你。evenif是一个连词短语,引导让步状语从句,含义是“即使;尽管”。当让步状语从句的动词用一般现在时表示将来的假设或一般的行为习惯时,通常用evenif或eventhough。两者意思一样,用法也一样。【经典例题】_______Ifailthistime,Iwouldtryagain.AIfonlyBEvenifCwhetherDAsif【答案】B3.Believeitornot,thereisnosuchthingasstandardEnglish.信不信由你,没有标准英语这样的东西。1)believeitornot意为“信不信由你”,常在句中作插入语。如:Believeitornot,Johnwillgoabroadforfurtherstudynextmonth.信不信由你,约翰下个月就要出国深造了。【联想学习】常见的插入语有:1)totellyouthetruth实话告诉你Totellyouthetruth,I'llspendmysummervacationinYunnan.实话告诉你吧,我将在云南度过暑假。2)generallyspeaking一般说来Generallyspeaking,languagelearningneedsalotofpractice.一般说来,语言的学习需要大量的实践。3)youknow/yousee你知道Yousee,mycarbrokedownontheway.你知道,我的车在途中坏了。4)Ithink我认为Hiscoat,Ithink,isreallystrange.他的外套,我认为,实在古怪。【经典例题】Itissonicetohearfromher._____,welastmetmorethan30yearsago.AWhat’smoreBThat’stosayCInotherwordsDBelieveitornot【答案】D(2)nosuchthing意为“没有这样的事情”。such与no,any,all,some,another,one,many,afew,alittle等词连用时,常置于这些词之后。如:Thereisnosuchpersoninourschool.我们学校没有这样的人。Ihavemetmanysuchpeople.我遇见过许多这样的人。【经典例题】Wehave_____bookyouarelookingfor.AsuchnoBnosuchCnotsuchDnosucha【答案】B4·TheUSAisalargecountryinwhichmanydifferentdialectsarespoken.美国是一个使用多种方言的大国。inwhich引导定语从句修饰先行词country,关系代词which作介词in的宾语,inwhich在定语从句中作地点状语,可用where代替。如:Thefactoryinwhichheonceworkedhasbeendoseddown.他曾经工作过的工厂已被关闭。在“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句中,应根据句意与搭配的需要选择正确的介词或短语介词。如:Hestudiesintheschoolatthebackofwhichthereisariver.他在背后有条河流的那所学校学习。Canyouseethenewbuildingonthetopofwhichfliesaredflag?你能看见到那座楼顶飘着一面红旗的新大楼吗?【经典例题】①Thepen______heiswritingismine.A.withwhichB.inwhichC.onwhichD.bywhich②Thisisthereason______hedidn'tcometothemeeting.A.inwhichB.withwhichC.thatD.forwhich【答案】A【答案】D5.Well,goroundthecorneronyourleft-handside-straightonandcrosstwostreets.哦,在拐角处向左拐,照直向前走。穿过两条街道。straightadv.直接;挺直adj.直的;笔直的;正直的Gostraightdowntheroadandthenturnleft.沿着这条路一直走,然后左转。Hewenttobedstraightaftersupper.他晚饭后直接去睡了。Hisfriendisatall.slimgirlwithastraightnose.他的朋友是位鼻子挺直、身材高而苗条的姑娘。Asyouknow,hisuncleisastraightman.如你所知,他的叔叔是一个正直的人。【经典例题】---Lucydoesn’thavecurlyhair.---Yes,wecansayshehas______hair.AniceBblondeCshortDstraight【答案】DGrammar直接引语和间接引语(II)直接引语表示请求、命令、提议时,变为间接引语看似简单,但使用起来要视句义、功能与说话者的语气、态度选择恰当的动词。学习时,应着重注意以下几个方面:1·直接引语为祈使句,若表达请求、命令、要求、告知、鼓励等意思,在变为间接引语时,通常将祈使句的动词原形变成动词不定式,并视句意在动词不定式前加上ask.tell.order,advise,invite,warn,beg,offer,encourage等动词,祈使句中的please在间接引语中不再出现。如:“PleasespeakEnglishinclass,’’theteachersaidtous.→TheteacheraskedustospeakEnglishinclass.‘‘Becarefulwithstrangers,Mr.Brownsaidtoher.→Mr.Brownwarnedhertobecarefulwithstrangers.“Mrs.Smith,letmecarrytheheavyboxforyou,”saidMike.→MikeofferedtocarrytheheavyboxforMrs.Smith.若祈使句为否定式,改为间接引语时应将don’t改为notto或neverto。如:“Don’tforgettoturnoffthelight,”MothersaidtoTom.→MotheraskedTomnottoforgettoturnoffthelight.2·如果直接引语是表示劝告、建议的祈使句或疑问句,变为间接引语时,可以用suggestdoing…或suggestthat…结构。如:WangPingsaid,“Let’stakeawalkaftersupper.”→WangPingsuggestedtakingawalkaftersupper.或:WangPingsuggestedthatweshouldtakeawalkaftersupper.“Shallwelistentothemusic?”hesaidtome.→Hesuggestedlisteningtothemusic.或:Hesuggestedthatweshouldlistentothemusic.3·如果直接引语是表示请求的疑问句,变为间接引语时,通常用“ask/advise+sb+不定式结构”。如:“Willyouhelpmewithmylessons?’’MarysaidtoJane.→MaryaskedJanetohelpherwithherlessons.“Wouldyoumindmovingoverabit?”shesaidtome.→Sheaskedmetomoveoverabit.4.最后我们简单学习一下感叹句变间接引语的方法。由what或how引导的感叹句变为间接引语时,可用what或how引导,也可以用that引导。如:“Whatabeautifuldressitis!”shesaid.→Shesaidwhatabeautifuldressitwas.或:Shesaidthatitwasabeautifuldress.