进度计划实践标准

ProjectManagementInstitutePracticeStandardforScheduling95283$CHFM03-23-0708:33:3795283$CHFM03-23-0708:33:37ISBN13:978-1-930699-84-7ISBN10:1-930699-84-0Publishedby:ProjectManagementInstitute,Inc.FourCampusBoulevardNewtownSquare,Pennsylvania19073-3299USA.Phone:610-356-4600Fax:610-356-4647E-mail:[e-mail]:©2007ProjectManagementInstitute,Inc.Allrightsreserved.‘‘PgMP’’isaservicemarkofProjectManagementInstitute,Inc.‘‘PMI’’,thePMIlogo,‘‘PMP’’,thePMPlogo,‘‘PMBOK’’,‘‘ProjectManagementJournal’’,‘‘PMNetwork’’,andthePMITodaylogoareregisteredmarksofProjectManagementInstitute,Inc.TheQuarterGlobeDesignisatrademarkoftheProjectManagementInstitute,Inc.ForacomprehensivelistofPMImarks,contactthePMILegalDepartment.PMIPublicationswelcomescorrectionsandcommentsonitsbooks.Pleasefeelfreetosendcommentsontypographical,formatting,orothererrors.Simplymakeacopyoftherelevantpageofthebook,marktheerror,andsenditto:BookEditor,PMIPublications,FourCampusBoulevard,NewtownSquare,PA19073-3299USA.PMIbooksareavailableatspecialquantitydiscountstouseaspremiumsandsalespromotions,orforuseincorporatetrainingprograms,aswellasothereducationalprograms.Formoreinformation,pleasewritetoBookstoreAdministrator,PMIPublications,FourCampusBoulevard,NewtownSquare,PA19073-3299USA,ore-mail:[e-mail]roducedortransmittedinanyformorbyanymeans,electronic,manual,photocopying,recording,orbyanyinformationstorageandretrievalsystem,withoutpriorwrittenpermissionofthepublisher.ThepaperusedinthisbookcomplieswiththePermanentPaperStandardissuedbytheNationalInformationStandardsOrganization(Z39.48—1984).10987654321NoticeTheProjectManagementInstitute,Inc.(PMI)standardsandguidelinepublications,ofwhichthedocumentcontainedhereinisone,aredevelopedthroughavoluntaryconsensusstandardsdevelopmentprocess.Thisprocessbringstogethervolunteersand/orseeksouttheviewsofpersonswhohaveaninterestinthetopiccoveredbythispublication.WhilePMIadministerstheprocessandestablishesrulestopromotefairnessinthedevelopmentofconsensus,itdoesnotwritethedocumentanditdoesnotindependentlytest,evaluate,orverifytheaccuracyorcompletenessofanyinformationorthesoundnessofanyjudgmentscontainedinitsstandardsandguide-linepublications.PMIdisclaimsliabilityforanypersonalinjury,propertyorotherdamagesofanynaturewhatsoever,whetherspecial,indirect,consequentialorcompensatory,directlyorindirectlyresultingfromthepublication,useofapplication,orrelianceonthisdocument.PMIdisclaimsandmakesnoguarantyorwarranty,expressedorimplied,astotheaccuracyorcompletenessofanyinformationpublishedherein,anddisclaimsandmakesnowarrantythattheinformationinthisdocumentwillfulfillanyofyourparticularpurposesorneeds.PMIdoesnotundertaketoguaranteetheperformanceofanyindividualmanufacturerorseller’sproductsorservicesbyvirtueofthisstandardorguide.Inpublishingandmakingthisdocumentavailable,PMIisnotundertakingtorenderprofessionalorotherservicesfororonbehalfofanypersonorentity,norisPMIundertakingtoperformanydutyowedbyanypersonorentitytosomeoneelse.Anyoneusingthisdocumentshouldrelyonhisorherownindependentjudgmentor,asappropriate,seektheadviceofacompetentprofessionalindeterminingtheexerciseofreasonablecareinanygivencircumstances.Informationandotherstan-dardsonthetopiccoveredbythispublicationmaybeavailablefromothersources,whichtheusermaywishtoconsultforadditionalviewsorinformationnotcoveredbythispublication.PMIhasnopower,nordoesitundertaketopoliceorenforcecompliancewiththecontentsofthisdocument.PMIdoesnotcertify,test,orinspectproducts,designs,orinstallationsforsafetyorhealthpurposes.Anycertificationorotherstatementofcompliancewithanyhealthorsafety-relatedinformationinthisdocumentshallnotbeattributabletoPMIandissolelytheresponsibilityofthecertifierormakerofthestatement.©2007ProjectManagementInstitute,FourCampusBoulevard,NewtownSquare,PA19073-3299USAiii95283$CHFM03-23-0708:33:3795283$CHFM03-23-0708:33:37ContentsPreface...............................................................................................................................viiChapter1—Introduction........................................................................................................11.1WhyScheduling?................................................................................................11.2Overview............................................................................................................11.3Purpose.............................................................................................................21.4Applicability........................................................................................................2Chapter2—TheScheduleDevelopmentProcess....................................................................52.1ScheduleDevelopmentProcessOverview.............................................................52.2TheSchedulingMethod.......................................................................................82.2.1Crit