ASTM D3574-2008 Standard Test Methods for Flexible

Designation:D3574–08StandardTestMethodsforFlexibleCellularMaterials—Slab,Bonded,andMoldedUrethaneFoams1ThisstandardisissuedunderthefixeddesignationD3574;thenumberimmediatelyfollowingthedesignationindicatestheyearoforiginaladoptionor,inthecaseofrevision,theyearoflastrevision.Anumberinparenthesesindicatestheyearoflastreapproval.Asuperscriptepsilon(´)indicatesaneditorialchangesincethelastrevisionorreapproval.ThisstandardhasbeenapprovedforusebyagenciesoftheDepartmentofDefense.1.Scope*1.1Thesetestmethodsapplytoslab,bonded,andmoldedflexiblecellularproductsknownasurethanefoams.Urethanefoammaybegenerallydefinedasanexpandedcellularproductproducedbytheinteractionofactivehydrogencompounds,water,andisocyanates.1.2Thisstandarddoesnotpurporttoaddressallofthesafetyconcerns,ifany,associatedwithitsuse.Itistheresponsibilityoftheuserofthisstandardtoestablishappro-priatesafetyandhealthpracticesanddeterminetheapplica-bilityofregulatorylimitationspriortouse.1.3ThevaluesstatedinSIunitsaretoberegardedasstandard.NOTE1—ThereisnoknownISOequivalenttothisstandard,howevercertaintestmethodsinthisstandardhavesimilarorequivalentISOstandardsandarelistedinthescopeoftheindividualtestmethodsections.2.ReferencedDocuments2.1ASTMStandards:2D412TestMethodsforVulcanizedRubberandThermo-plasticElastomers—TensionD624TestMethodforTearStrengthofConventionalVulcanizedRubberandThermoplasticElastomersD726TestMethodforResistanceofNonporousPapertoPassageofAirD737TestMethodforAirPermeabilityofTextileFabricsD3576TestMethodforCellSizeofRigidCellularPlasticsD3675TestMethodforSurfaceFlammabilityofFlexibleCellularMaterialsUsingaRadiantHeatEnergySourceE162TestMethodforSurfaceFlammabilityofMaterialsUsingaRadiantHeatEnergySourceE662TestMethodforSpecificOpticalDensityofSmokeGeneratedbySolidMaterialsE691PracticeforConductinganInterlaboratoryStudytoDeterminethePrecisionofaTestMethod3.Terminology3.1DefinitionsofTermsSpecifictoThisStandard:3.1.1bondedfoam—aproductproducedbytheadhesionofsmallpiecesofurethanefoamtoeachotherwithasuitablebondingagent.3.1.2core—theinternalportionofamoldedpart,freeofskin.3.1.3coredfoam—aflexiblecellularmaterialcontainingamultiplicityofholes(usually,butnotnecessarily,cylindricalinshape),moldedorcutintothematerialinsomepattern,normallyperpendiculartothefoamrisedirection,andextend-ingpartorallthewaythroughthepiece.3.1.4convolutedfoam—aflexiblecellularmaterialspe-ciallycutintosheetswith“eggcarton”-likedimples.Thedimplepeaksandbasescanhavevariedshapesanddimen-sions.3.1.5flexiblecellularproduct—acellularorganicpolymericmaterialthatwillnotrupturewhenaspecimen200by25by25mmisbentarounda25-mmdiametermandrelatauniformrateofonelapin5satatemperaturebetween18and29°C.3.1.6moldedfoam—acellularproducthavingtheshapeoftheenclosedchamberinwhichitisproducedbyfoaming.3.1.7skin—thesmoothsurfacelayerofamoldedfoamproduct,formedbycontactwiththemoldorsurfaces.3.1.8slab—asectionoffoamthatiscutfromtheinternalportionofalargebun.3.1.9urethanefoam—aflexiblecellularproductproducedbytheinteractionofactivehydrogencompounds,water,andisocyanates.3.1.10viscoelasticfoam—aspeciallyformulatedurethanefoamcharacterizedbyhavingslowrecovery,lowresilience,andhighhysteresisloss.1ThesetestmethodsareunderthejurisdictionofASTMCommitteeD20onPlasticsandarethedirectresponsibilityofSubcommitteeD20.22onCellularMaterials-PlasticsandElastomers.CurrenteditionapprovedJuly1,2008.PublishedSeptember2008.Originallyapprovedin1977.Lastpreviouseditionapprovedin2005asD3574–05.2ForreferencedASTMstandards,visittheASTMwebsite,@astm.org.ForAnnualBookofASTMStandardsvolumeinformation,refertothestandard’sDocumentSummarypageontheASTMwebsite.1*ASummaryofChangessectionappearsattheendofthisstandard.Copyright©ASTMInternational,100BarrHarborDrive,POBoxC700,WestConshohocken,PA19428-2959,UnitedStates.CopyrightbyASTMInt'l(allrightsreserved);MonDec121:59:24EST2008Downloaded/printedby3MCopursuanttoLicenseAgreement.Nofurtherreproductionsauthorized.3.1.11cellcount—ameasurementusedtocharacterizedif-ferenttypesoffoamsbasedonthesizeoftheindividualcellsinthefoammatrix,typicallyexpressedaseitheraveragecelldiameterorasthenumberofcellsperlineardistance.Formeasuringcellcounts,seeTestMethodD35764.SummaryofTestMethods4.1Unlessspecificallystatedotherwisebetweenthesup-plierandthepurchaser,alltestsshallbemadeinaccordancewiththemethodsspecifiedinSections9-124whichincludetestproceduresforthefollowing:Tests:SectionsTestADensityTest9-15TestB1IndentationForceDeflectionTest—SpecifiedDeflection(IFD)16-22TestB2IndentationIndentationResidualGageLengthTest—SpecifiedForce(IRGL)23-29TestCCompressionForceDeflectionTest30-36TestDConstantDeflectionCompressionSetTest37-44TestETensileTest45-52TestFTearResistanceTest53-60TestGAirFlowTest61-67TestHResilience(BallRebound)Test68-75TestI1StaticForceLossTestatConstantDeflection77-85TestI2DynamicFatigueTestbytheRollerShearatConstantForce,86-94TestI3DynamicFatigueTestbyConstantForcePounding95-103TestI4DynamicFatigueTestforCarpetCushion104-112AgingTestJSteamAutoclaveAging113-118AgingTest