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Designation:D4065–01StandardPracticeforPlastics:DynamicMechanicalProperties:DeterminationandReportofProcedures1ThisstandardisissuedunderthefixeddesignationD4065;thenumberimmediatelyfollowingthedesignationindicatestheyearoforiginaladoptionor,inthecaseofrevision,theyearoflastrevision.Anumberinparenthesesindicatestheyearoflastreapproval.Asuperscriptepsilon(e)indicatesaneditorialchangesincethelastrevisionorreapproval.ThisstandardhasbeenapprovedforusebyagenciesoftheDepartmentofDefense.1.Scope*1.1Thispracticeisforgeneraluseingatheringandreport-ingdynamicmechanicaldata.Itincorporateslaboratoryprac-ticefordeterminingdynamicmechanicalpropertiesofspeci-menssubjectedtovariousoscillatorydeformationsonavarietyofinstrumentsofthetypecommonlycalleddynamicmechani-calanalyzersordynamicthermomechanicalanalyzers.1.2Thispracticeisintendedtoprovidemeansofdetermin-ingthetransitiontemperatures,elastic,andlossmoduliofplasticsoverarangeoftemperatures,frequencies,ortime,byfreevibrationandresonantornonresonantforcedvibrationtechniques.Plotsofelasticandlossmoduliareindicativeoftheviscoelasticcharacteristicsofaplastic.Thesemoduliarefunctionsoftemperatureorfrequencyinplastics,andchangerapidlyatparticulartemperaturesorfrequencies.Theregionsofrapidmodulichangearenormallyreferredtoastransitionregions.1.3Thepracticeisprimarilyusefulwhenconductedoverarangeoftemperaturesfrom−160°Ctopolymerdegradationandisvalidforfrequenciesfrom0.01to1000Hz.1.4Thispracticeisintendedformaterialsthathaveanelasticmodulusintherangefrom0.5MPato100GPa(73psito1.53107psi).1.5Apparentdiscrepanciesmayariseinresultsobtainedunderdifferingexperimentalconditions.Withoutchangingtheobserveddata,reportinginfull(asdescribedinthispractice)theconditionsunderwhichthedatawereobtainedwillenableapparentdifferencesobservedinanotherstudytoberecon-ciled.1.6Testdataobtainedbythispracticearerelevantandappropriateforuseinengineeringdesign.1.7ThevaluesstatedinSIunitsaretoberegardedasthestandard.Thevaluesgiveninparenthesesareforinformationonly.1.8Thisstandarddoesnotpurporttoaddressallofthesafetyconcerns,ifany,associatedwithitsuse.Itistheresponsibilityoftheuserofthispracticetoestablishappro-priatesafetyandhealthpracticesanddeterminetheapplica-bilityofregulatorylimitationspriortouse.SpecifichazardsstatementsaregiveninSection8.NOTE1—ThispracticeistechnicallyequivalenttoISO6721,Part1.2.ReferencedDocuments2.1ASTMStandards:D618PracticeforConditioningPlasticsandElectricalInsulatingMaterialsforTesting2D4000ClassificationSystemforSpecifyingPlasticMate-rials3D4092TerminologyRelatingtoDynamicMechanicalMeasurementsonPlastics32.2ISOStandard:ISO6721,Part1Plastics—DeterminationofDynamicMechanicalProperties,Part1,GeneralPrinciples43.Terminology3.1Definitions—Fordefinitionsoftermsrelatingtothispractice,seeTerminologyD4092.4.SummaryofPractice4.1Aspecimenofknowngeometryisplacedinmechanicaloscillationeitheratfixedornaturalresonantfrequencies.Elasticorlossmoduli,orbothofthespecimenaremeasuredwhilevaryingtime,temperatureofthespecimenorfrequency,orboth,oftheoscillation.Plotsoftheelasticorlossmoduli,orboth,areindicativeofviscoelasticcharacteristicsofthespeci-men.Rapidchangesinviscoelasticpropertiesatparticulartemperatures,times,orfrequencyarenormallyreferredtoastransitionregions.NOTE2—Theparticularmethodformeasurementofelasticandlossmodulidependsupontheoperatingprincipleoftheinstrumentused.1ThispracticeisunderthejurisdictionofASTMCommitteeD20onPlasticsandisthedirectresponsibilityofSubcommitteeD20.10onMechanicalProperties.CurrenteditionapprovedSeptember10,2001.PublishedNovember2001.OriginallypublishedasD4065–82.LastpreviouseditionD4065–95.2AnnualBookofASTMStandards,Vol08.01.3AnnualBookofASTMStandards,Vol08.02.4AvailablefromAmericanNationalStandardsInstitute,25W.43rdSt.,NewYork,NY10036.1*ASummaryofChangessectionappearsattheendofthisstandard.Copyright©ASTMInternational,100BarrHarborDrive,POBoxC700,WestConshohocken,PA19428-2959,UnitedStates.5.SignificanceandUse5.1Dynamicmechanicaltestingprovidesamethodfordeterminingelasticandlossmoduliasafunctionoftempera-ture,frequencyortime,orboth.Aplotoftheelasticmodulusandlossmodulusofmaterialversustemperatureprovidesagraphicalrepresentationofelasticityanddampingasafunctionoftemperatureorfrequency.5.2Thisprocedurecanbeusedtolocatetransitiontempera-turesofplastics,thatis,changesinthemolecularmotionsofapolymer.Inthetemperaturerangeswheresignificantchangesoccur,elasticmodulusdecreasesrapidlywithincreasingtem-perature(atconstantornearconstantfrequency)orincreaseswithincreasingfrequency(atconstanttemperature).Amaxi-mumisobservedforthelossmodulus.5.3Thisprocedurecanbeused,forexample,toevaluatebycomparisontoknownreferencematerials:5.3.1Degreeofphaseseparationinmulticomponentsys-tems,5.3.2Fillertype,amount,pretreatment,anddispersion,and5.3.3Effectsofcertainprocessingtreatment.5.4Thisprocedurecanbeusedtodeterminethefollowing:5.4.1Stiffnessofpolymercomposites,especiallyasafunc-tionoftemperature,5.4.2Degreeofpolymercrystallinity,and5.4.3Magnitudeoftriaxialstressstateintherubberphaseofrubbermodifiedpoly